Utilizing Z-track Air Lock Technique to Reduce Pain in Intramuscular Injections
Vol. 10 No. 1 (2015): April 2015
Original Article
April 1, 2015
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Methods: This study was conducted as an unblinded cinical trial, where 90 female subjects aged between 18-25 years old were randomly assigned to three groups of 30. Each group received z-track air lock (Group ZTAL), air lock (AL), and z-track (Group ZT) techniques. Neurobion 5000 vitamin used as an injection substance.A Verbal Rating Scale (VRS) on 0–3 was used to evaluate the severity of pain during procedure. Data were analized using the SPSS version 19. Groups’ age, Body Mass Index (BMI) and pain severity were analyzed through descriptive and One Way ANOVA statistics.
Results: Results showed that there were no signifi cant differences of pain severity both within and between groups (p > 0.05).
Conclusion: Both Z-track and air lock method are less pain compared to traditional method according to previous studies. Noncicepti stimulus inhibited nocicepti stimulus in z-track technique while locking effect inhibit leakeage of substance injection to subcutaneous layer of skin which contain of nerve fi bers. However All techniques are recommended to produce less pain therefore it can be considered as a standard procedure for intra muscular injection.
Tambunan, E. H., & Wulandari, I. S. (2015). Utilizing Z-track Air Lock Technique to Reduce Pain in Intramuscular Injections. Jurnal Ners, 10(1), 112–117. https://doi.org/10.20473/jn.v10i1.2038
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Cupitt, JM, Kasipandian, V. 2004. Pain and Intramuscular Injections. Anasthesia, 59(1), Pp. 93.
Causing Bruise and Pain. International Journal of Nursing Practice, 19(4), Pp. 402–408.
Ban, T, Li, LX, Pillay, JJ. 2006. Compressed Air Injection Techniques to Standardize Block Injection Pressures. Canadian
Journal Anesthesis, 53(11), Pp. 1098–1102.
Chan, V, et al. 2003. Intramuscular injections into the buttocks: are they are truly intramsucular?. European Journal of Radiology, 58(3), Pp. 480–484.
Chung, JW, Ng WM, Wong, TK. 2002. An Experimental Study on The Use of Manual Pressure to Reduce Pain in Intramuscular Injection. J Clin Nurs, 11(4), Pp. 457–461.
Cupitt, JM, Kasipandian, V. 2004. Pain and Intramuscular Injections. Anasthesia, 59(1), Pp. 93.
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