Reopening of Surabaya Zoo in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid- 19) Pandemic

High spread of Covid-19 in Surabaya implemented on a Large-Scale Social Restrictions policy. This has impacted on closure of tourist destinations, including Surabaya Zoo. During the closing period, Surabaya Zoo suffered significant losses due to the absence of revenue that impacted on the conservation operations in saving endangered animals. Based on Surabaya Mayor Regulation of New Normal Order Guidelines Number 28 of 2020 as amended by Number 33 of 2020, Surabaya Zoo is reopened. This fact is an interesting issue to study how well the management in handling this situation. The writing method used in this paper is a literature review and primary data collection as a form of best practice that might be adopted in Surabaya Zoo. The results showed that management is succeeded in reopening Surabaya Zoo. The conclusion from this study is Surabaya Zoo is recommended to be reopened during the first stage of New Normal.


INTRODUCTION
Conservation Institutions is an instituion that conserve wild plants and animals outside their habitat (ex-situ), which functions are to breed and save plants and animals while maintaining species purity in order to ensure the preservation of their existence and utilization. In addition, Conservation Institutions are also functioning as a place for education, demonstration, research, development of science, means of protection and preservation of species and healthy recreational facilities. One of Conversation Institutions is Surabaya Zoo has an area of 15,3 hectares with a collection of 2.295 animals, consists of 211 species (mammals, aves, reptiles, pisces). In addition, the function of the zoo can also be transformed into an exhibition place for animal breeding, a center for animal protection and breeding as well as a learning center aimed at preventing the extinction of rare and endangered species. Where all these functions are able to become assets that generate very high local revenue (PAD) from communities who visit this zoo.
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) is a public health emergency of international concern. Coronaviruses are a large family (Coronaviridae) of single-stranded RNA (ribonucleic acid) viruses that have a lipid envelope studded with club-shaped projections, which may cause illnesses in wildlife and domestic animals (especially birds and mammals) or humans123. Some strains of coronaviruses are zoonotic; meaning they can be transmitted between animals and humans, but many strains are not zoonotic. In humans, several coronaviruses are known to cause severe respiratory diseases such as the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) and the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)45. The World Health Organisation (WHO) coordinates the global efforts to manage the impacts and it declared Covid-19 as a global pandemic. The scale of the impacts is unprecedented, and studies have suggested that it might take more than a decade for the world to recover, societally and economically. Surabaya is one of cities in Indonesia with high level of spread of Covid-19. From a safety management point of view the world is confronted with an unwanted event and huge adverse consequences: by June 10, 2020 the growing total death toll in over 190 67 countries passed 408,000 while societal disruption and global economic damage continue to develop.
High level of Covid-19 spreadness impacted on Surabaya City Government policy to implement a Large-Scale Social Restrictions. This has impacted significantly not only on human, but thousands of animals living in Indonesian zoos are facing the threat of famine as management struggles to afford animal feed as would-be visitors stay home to contain the spread of Covid-19. One of the impact is the closure of tourist destinations, including Surabaya Zoo in mid March 2020. The closure was also carried out to prevent the spread of the Corona COVID-19 virus.
During the closing period in mid March-mid July 2020, Surabaya Zoo suffered significant losses due to the absence of revenue from ticketing sales. That impacted on the conservation operations in saving endangered animals. Thus impacted not only on animals, but also on the salaries of employees who work are also disrupted. Despite the facts that Surabaya Zoo is owned by Surabaya City Government, Surabaya Zoo still needs to stock and provide foods to feed and breed the animals. A survey conducted by the Indonesian Zoo Association (PKBS) in April, showed that 92 percent of the association's members in Sumatra, Java, Bali, Lombok and Borneo -55 zooshad stocks to feed their animals only until mid-May. The survey also showed that only three zoos would be able to provide food for one to three months, while only two had enough for more than three months. The survival of wild animals in a zoo depends on the continuity of feeding from the manager. If the feed needs of wild animals are not fulfilled, bad things will happen, such as: death due to hunger.6 Based on Surabaya Mayor Regulation of New Normal Order Guidelines Number 28 of 2020 as amended by Number 33 of 2020, and also Investigation Event (BAP) Verification of the Management of Conservation Institutions in Implementation of New Normal Period Surabaya Zoo, Surabaya Zoo is reopened in mid-July 2020. This fact is an interesting issue to study how well the management in handling this situation. This study aims to not only learn how well the management in handling Surabaya Zoo in pandemic situation, but also find the best practice model for the improvement of Surabaya Zoo's performance.

Place and Time of Research
This research was conducted at the Surabaya Zoo and Surabaya City Government. The research period was carried out for 2 weeks, which was carried out from July, 25th until August, 16th 2020.

Method
This paper used qualitative method with the purpose of obtaining more complete, comprehensive, and representative data and information on various facts of zoo management in Surabaya and also another zoo. The writing method used in this paper is a literature review and primary data collection as a form of best practice that might be adopted in Surabaya Zoo.
Data were collected in two ways, namely (a) primary data obtained from semistructured indepth interview with informants to gain comprehensive information in a more flexible butfocused way in order to explore the aspects of management; and (b) collection of secondary data in a form of supporting documents.

Regional Company Animal Park Surabaya Zoo is a company belongs to the Surabaya City
Government which is engaged in the field of flora and fauna conservation at the location of the Surabaya Zoo 7 . As a regional company owned by Surabaya City Government, Surabaya Zoo needs permission from Mayor of Surabaya to reopen the zoo. Before it decided to reopen, Surabaya Zoo have been coordinated with Surabaya City Government's COVID- f. provide landfills, non-organic, organic and residues in public places or facilities; g. limit the number of visitors at a place or facility general 50% (fifty percent) of the original capacity; h. spacing in public places or facilities: 1) the distance between seats is at least 1 (one) meter; 2) the queue distance of each person is at least 1 (one) meter; 3) the distance between people is at least 1 (one) meter; 4) the lift capacity is not more than 50% (fifty percent). Indonesia Government and WHO believes that the ability to make physical isolation not descend into social isolation has been key to reducing the psychosocial impact of COVID-19 on the Indonesian population. The emphasis on exercise, maintenance of non-COVID related health, people keeping in contact and maintaining essential services have provided the maintenance of social fabric. The UK seems to have managed to increase social isolation, especially of the elderly, without always achieving physical isolation and preventing community transmission. The young and the elderly suffer most in any tear in the social fabric.
In any case, the psychological effects are likely to be mixed, may be short or long term, or within acute on previously chronic disadvantaged backgrounds. All of these factors represent short term trends and vary greatly from region to region, even in the same country. 10 Surabaya Zoo implements physical distancing by following protocols such as: Regulation of New Normal Order Guidelines Number 28 of 2020 as amended by Number 33 of 2020 about setting distance in public places or facilities. In terms of safety procedures, a queuing system/guard a distance of 1-2 m for visitors is carried out by marking the floor/paving/seating to facilitate compliance with physical distancing. This proves effective for management to implement, because the fun symbols interest visitors to obey the rules that has been set. Each exhibit is given a sign to keep the distance for visitors who intend to stop to see animals as an effort to implement physical distancing. There are 2 officers that been assigned to mobile around the zoo to ensure the implementation of physical distancing and health protocols by visitors.

g. Parking Center in Joyoboyo Intermoda Terminal (TIJ)
Apart from being one of the applications of physical distancing in an effort to minimize the occurrence of crowds, it is also to synergize the Park and Ride program In the New Normal Order, Surabaya Zoo set visitors provisions for visitors who will enter the area of Surabaya Zoo. These Socialization Banner are installed in front of the Surabaya Zoo entrance, so that visitors can read, understand and obey the provisions.
f. Implementing physical distancing Each exhibit is given a sign to keep the distance for visitors who intend to stop to see animals as an effort to implement physical distancing. Surabaya Zoo also implement the placement of officers at points that are considered crucial can lead to this the crowd.
The duty of each officer is to provide advice regarding implementation health protocols, healthy and clean lifestyle and physical distancing during their stay the area within Surabaya Zoo, and ensure visitors comply with all conditions and appeal enforced.
The indoor exhibition area regulates the number of visitors' entry and one-way path from the entrance to the exit so that visitors can keep their distance.

Environmental Cleanliness Improvement
In supporting the implementation of health protocol, supporting facilities have been prepared, including: a) sink in 23 points; b) hand sanitizer in 50 points; c) footbath in 10 77 points; d) desinfectant sprayer in 5 points; and e) 1 clinic. COVID-19 is transmitted primarily through respiratory droplets or contact with contaminated surfaces 13 . Workrelated exposure can occur anytime at the workplace, during work-related travel to an area with local community transmission, as well as on the way to and from the workplace 14 . Based on it, not only in zoo areas, management also perform regular cleaning and disinfection in work areas and public areas every day, especially places that are frequently touched or used by many people (door handles, prayer rooms, toilets and other public facilities) to improving environmental cleanliness.

Formation of Task Force
Surabaya Zoo has formed a COVID-19 Task Force team based on the Decree of the

CONCLUSION
Based on the results of the study and analysis, several conclusions can be given as follows: 1. Surabaya Zoo is recommended to be reopened during the first stage of New Normal.
Center for Conservation and Natural Resources (BBKSDA) East java Province has given its recommendation as stated in Investigation Event (BAP) Verification of the Management of Conservation Agencies for the Implementation of New Normals in PDTS Kebun Binatang Surabaya Number BA.1210/K.2/BKWII/SKW3/KSA/7/2020 and will evaluate the results 1 month after the reopening.
2. As a regional company owned by Surabaya City Government, Surabaya Zoo still needs permission and approval in operating the Conservation Institution. Surabaya Zoo has good coordination with Surabaya City Government as the capital owner as well as other vertical institutions or agencies authorized to operate this Conservation Institution. This proven by the relationship between the parties involved in the simulation that was held prior to the reopening and also the sustainability of the operation of Surabaya Zoo.

Surabaya Zoo has implemented guidelines in Surabaya Mayor Regulation of New Normal
Order Guidelines Number 28 of 2020 as amended by Number 33 of 2020 very well as they implement physical distancing, health protocol, environmental cleanliness improvement and formation of task force. But despite the good management, the number of visitors still haven't reached the daily maximum quota. This indicates that some people still have awareness of COVID-19, and Surabaya Zoo has to work more in gaining trust.