Uji Toksisitas Daun Kelor ( Moringa Oleifera) Terhadap Sel Fibroblas Gingiva Menggunakan Uji MTT Assay
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ABSTRACT
Background: The oral cavity's health is one of the most important factors in determining the quality of human life. Oral cancer is a type of disease that can fataly change the quality of human life if not properly handle. Among all the cancer treatment, chemotherapy is oftenly done. However, chemotherapy has some side effects that can exacerbate the patient's state. Alternative care has become another promising option besides chemotherapy. One of them is Moringa oleifera or as known as kelor leaves. The active compound content of Moringa oleifera extract especially isothiocianate has good potential in cancer therapy. But, any materials used in human care must passed the toxicity test. Purpose: This research was conducted to find out the toxicity of Moringa oleifera extract with isothiocianate to primary cell gingival fibroblast.Method: Experimental laboratory study with the post test only group control design. There are 4 types of concentration group from kelor leaves extract which is 3,125%, 1,625%, 0,812%, and 0,406% and there are also the media control and cell control. Each sample were put in 96 well that already contain fibroblast cell culture with 6 times replication for each group. And then, it was tested with MTT assay. Results: The concentration group from 3,125% until 0,406% has the percentage of living cells above 100%. Conclusion: The results of this research is that the kelor leaves (Moringa oleifera) extract with isothiocyanate is not toxic against primary cell culture fibroblast.
Keywords: Moringa oleifera extract, isothiocyanate , toxicity.
Latar Belakang: Kesehatan rongga mulut merupakan salah satu faktor penting yang berperan dalam menentukan kualitas hidup manusia. Kanker rongga mulut merupakan salah satu penyakit yang dapat mengubah kualitas hidup manusia dan berkaibat fatal apabila tidak ditangani dengan tepat. Salah satu pengobatan kanker yang sering dilakukan adalah kemoterapi. Meskipun demikian, kemoterapi memiliki beberapa efek samping yang dapat berakibat buruk kepada pasien kanker. Perawatan alternatif pun menjadi pilihan lain selain kemoterapi. Salah satunya adalah dengan daun kelor (Moringa oleifera) . Kandungan aktif dari daun kelor memiliki manfaat yang baik sebagai terapi kanker. Namun, semua bahan yang akan digunakan pada manusia harus melawati uji toksisitas. Tujuan: Tujuan dilakukan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui hasil toksisitas ekstrak daun kelor (Moringa oleifera) dengan kandungan isotiosianat terhadap cell line fibroblas. Metode: Penelitian eksperimental laboratoris dengan post test only group design. Terdapat 4 macam kelompok konsentrasi dari ekstrak daun kelor yaitu 3,125%, 1,625%, 0,812%, dan 0,406% disertai dengan kontrol media dan kontrol sel. Setiap perlakuan diletakkan pada plate 96 well yang telah berisi kultur sel fibroblas dengan 6 kali replika untuk setiap kelompok. Kemudian dilakukan uji MTT assay. Hasil: Kelompok konsentrasi 3,125% hingga 0,812% memiliki jumlah persentase sel hidup diatas 100%. Kesimpulan: Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun kelor (Moringa oleifera) dengan kandungan isotiosianat tidak bersifat toksik terhadap kultur sel primer fibroblas.
Kata Kunci : Ekstrak daun kelor (Moringa oleifera), isotiosianat, uji toksisitas.
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