Indonesian Journal of Dental Medicine

MicroRNA-21 expression as a novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in oral cancer: A narrative review

Yasminia Sambac Shofie Putri Llahfi — 2024-11-25

Background: Oral cancer is a life-threatening disease that has 377.713 new cases every year and 60% of the 5-year overall survival rate globally. Approximately 84–97% of oral cancer arises from squamous cells, categorized as oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). MiR-21 is a single-stranded, non-coding RNA that has been studied for its role in carcinogenesis. Overexpression of miR-21 is found in various cancers and is linked to a poor prognosis. However, few studies analyze the expression of miR-21 as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in oral cancer. Purpose: This review aimed to describe the expression of miR-21 as a novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in oral cancer. Review: MiR-21 was found to be upregulated in various cancers, including oral cancer. miR-21 targets several tumor suppressors such as PTEM, TPM1, and PDCD4 to modulate characteristics linked to cancer prognosis, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and metastasis. Furthermore, the constant increase of miR-21 expression in healthy oral mucosa to oral potentially malignant disease to OSCC demonstrated its diagnostic value. Conclusion: miRNA-21 may act as a novel diagnostic and prognostic
biomarker of oral cancer.

The effect of alkaline heat treatment on titanium

Nadia Kartikasari — 2024-11-25

Background: In recent years, advancements in implant surface modification have garnered considerable interest within the field of biomedical engineering, particularly in dental and orthopaedic implants. High-rise surface modifications demonstrate significant promise in enhancing osseointegration, improving cellular adhesion, and accelerating the healing process. One notable technique, alkaline-heat treatment (AHT), has shown potential for enhancing both the mechanical and biological performance of titanium implants. Purpose: The objective of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the properties and outcomes associated with alkaline-heat treatment for titanium implants, with a specific focus on the potential benefits for dental applications. Review: Based on an analysis of 13 review articles, titanium implants treated with alkaline heat exhibit distinctive properties that enhance their biological efficacy. These include superior osseointegration, improved immunological responses, and heightened antibacterial potential. Conclusion: Alkaline-heat treatment significantly enhances titanium implants by creating a nano topography that fosters osseointegration, bolsters immune responses, and exhibits antibacterial effects. These characteristics position AHT as a promising solution for preventing peri-implantitis and facilitating implant healing.

Curcumin induces tumor suppression in ameloblastoma by promoting apoptotic mechanism via MiR-9 expression: A narrative review

Hilmy Irsyadi Hanif — 2024-11-25

Background: Ameloblastoma is a neoplastic odontogenic tumor that has a local invasive characteristic. The current treatment for ameloblastoma requires a precise surgical resection and chemotherapy. It requires a different approach to diminish the therapy drawbacks. Curcumin, as one of the most common well-described compounds, remarkably has a potential antitumor agent. Method: Our findings and opinions are based on a comprehensive search through scientific resources and correspondingly relating all the keywords using the Boolean technique and Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) term search to find the interest study. Review: By understanding curcumin and its target genes, curcumin itself can induce regulation of tumor suppression and oncogenic microRNA. MiR-9 has proven to be expressed for modulating the mutation genes causing tumorogenesis in ameloblastoma. Curcumin also upregulates miR-9, causing cytotoxic activity against cancers in many proven studies. Conclusion: The highly expressed miR-9 curcumin-mediated ameloblastoma inhibition will be the new insight and adjunct cancer therapy.

Interactive dental health education on the knowledge level of little doctors students of Muhammadiyah 4 Elementary School

Ratri Maya Sitalaksmi — 2024-11-25

Background: Dental and oral health education is conducted with the aim of changing the habits of a person, group of people, or society so they can gain knowledge, attitudes, and habits to behave in a healthy way in the field of dental and oral health. Elementary school age is the right time for teachers to introduce and instill healthy living habits. A dental and oral health education for Little Doctor students is assumed to help improve the dental and oral health of other students, teachers, and other staff of the school, as well as the people around the student outside of school. Purpose: To describe the effect of interactive dental health education on knowledge improvement. Methods: This study’s sample size was 31 Little Doctor students in the third through sixth grades. The activity in general adopted two-way communication; interactive speaking was performed to stimulate the students attentiveness to the topics, allowing students to engage with the speakers. To assess the students’ knowledge level of oral and dental health, a pre-test questionnaire was filled out prior to starting, and the same questionnaire was filled out as a post-test after completing all the agenda. Results: There were significant differences between pre-test and post-test results (P-value < 0.05), with the mean rank of the post-test group (45.56%) being significantly higher than the pre-test group (17.44%). Conclusion: The interactive education method in elementary school was found to be efficacious and more preferable as it matches the level of growth and development in school-age children.

Unilateral cleft lip surgery symmetry observation with Millard I and Tennison techniques

Rizentya Salsabila — 2024-11-25

Background: In line with the development of Millard I and Tennison cleft lip surgery techniques, there are also advantages and disadvantages to each technique. The Cleft Lip Symmetry Index (CLCSI) was used to measure the symmetry of each measurement variable from the results of unilateral cleft lip surgery so that it could be represented by an objective number. Purpose: This study aims to observe the surgery results using Millard I and Tennison techniques in unilateral cleft lip patients. Methods: This study used descriptive study by observing the symmetry of lateral philtrum height, vermillion height, cupid’s bow width, cupid’s bow height, and nostril width after labioplasty using the Millard and Tennison technique in unilateral cleft lip patients in Surabaya, Madura, and Malang. Results: The results of the CLCSI modification for the Millard technique can be summarized that nostril width ranged from 78.82 - 195.04. Lateral philtrum height ranged from 62.5 - 107.62. Cupid’s bow width ranged from 72.17 - 155.29. Cupid’s bow height ranged from 96.43 - 487.5. Vermilion height ranged from 84.62 - 131.11. The results of the CLCSI modification for the Tennison technique can be summarized that nostril width ranged from 88.89 - 171.43. Lateral philtrum height ranged from 48.92 - 109.04. Cupid’s bow width ranged from 89.26 - 166.15. Cupid’s bow height ranged from 73.81 - 311.11. Vermilion height ranged from 72.14 - 138.46. Conclusion: It’s difficult to obtain completely symmetrical surgical results because of many factors that affect the outcome of the operation in both Millard I and Tennison methods.

Comparison of arch length and width in the angle Class II malocclusion with extraction and non-extraction in the Dental Hospital Universitas Airlangga

Thalca Hamid — 2024-11-25

Background: Depending on the disparity seen, orthodontic treatments frequently take into account the possibility of tooth extraction or non-extraction. Class II Angle malocclusion cases are the specific emphasis of this study, whereas Class I Angle malocclusion patients were the focus of earlier research. Purpose: Examining how tooth extraction and non-extraction therapies affect arch length in patients with Class II Angle malocclusion is the goal. Method: Arch length was measured using pre- and post-treatment models of individuals with Class II Angle malocclusion who had extraction and nonextraction treatments. To find out if there were any notable variations, the collected data was analyzed. Results: The maxillary and mandibular arch lengths in the extraction group were significantly different before and after orthodontic treatment (p<0.05). Likewise, the the widths of the mandibular and maxillary arches before and after orthodontic treatment were significantly different (p<0.05). The maximum and arch length in the non-extraction group had a signifiant different before and after orthodontic treatment (p<0.05). Conclusion: the sagittal arch length decreased in both extraction and nonextraction treatments, the arch width decreased in extraction treatments, and the arch width increased in non-extraction treatments. In patients with Class II malocclusion, there are notable changes in the sagittal arch width and length before and after orthodontic treatment, whether extraction or non-extraction. Compared to the non-extraction treatment group, the extraction treatment group experienced more substantial alterations in sagittal arch length and width.

Prevalence of malocclusion and craniofacial morphological variations among 7-13-year-old children in Elementary School, Kediri

Ari Triwardhani — 2024-11-25

Background: Craniofacial morphological variations can influence malocclusion. Mesocephalic head tends to form mesoprosopic face and class I malocclusion. Dolicocephalic head tends to form leptoprosopic face and class II malocclusion. Brachycephalic head tends to form euryprosopic face and class III malocclusion. Emphasizing the importance of malocclusion early treatment, research on malocclusion prevalence and craniofacial morphology variations in growing children is needed. Purpose: To determine malocclusion prevalence and craniofacial morphological variations among 7-13-year-old children at Medowo III Elementary School, Kediri. Methods: This descriptive study used 44 samples of Medowo III Elementary School, Kediri students. Head and face length and width were measured using a spreading caliper. The cephalic and facial indices were then determined for the classification of head and facial types. Results: The dominant craniofacial morphological variations in the samples were hyper-brachycephalic head (39 samples) and euryprosopic face (14 samples). The highest prevalence of malocclusion among individuals with hyper-brachycephalic head type was Angle’s class I malocclusion. Class II malocclusion was found in 1 sample, and class III malocclusion in 3 samples. Among the samples with this head type, the most common malocclusion variations were anterior crowding (36 samples), followed by deep bite (15 samples). Conclusion: The highest prevalence of malocclusion among Medowo III Elementary School, Kediri students was Angle class I malocclusion, characterized by specific craniofacial morphological variations, namely hyper-brachycephalic head type and euryprosopic face.

Malocclusion prevalence in 11-13 years old student in the Madrasah Tsanawiyah Melirang, Gresik

I Gusti Wahju Aju Ardani — 2024-11-25

Background: When teeth are not positioned correctly, it is referred to as malocclusion, and it frequently happens in the general population. One of the traits of malocclusion that is frequently observed in children beginning in the early mixed dentition phase is crowded teeth. This disorder will become more serious and cause speech, masticatory, and cosmetic issues if therapy is not started right away. Environmental and genetic factors have a significant impact on malocclusion. Therefore, a child's nutrition, bad habits, trauma to the main teeth, and the pattern acquired from both parents will all affect the malocclusion's characteristics. Purpose: Enhance instruction in identifying malocclusion and the stages of permanent and changing tooth growth. Methods: Forty-six students from Madrasah Tsanawiyah's classes 7A and 7B participated. Intraoral examinations and the completion of pretest and posttest questionnaires were used to collect data. Next, Stastical Package Social Science (SPSS) version 23 was used to analyze the frequency distribution data. Results: Male students had more crowded teeth (20) and less crowded teeth (2) than female students (18) and less crowded teeth (6). Class I malocclusion (41), class II malocclusion (3), and class III malocclusion (2) are the highest. Conclusion: Malocclusion class I is characterized by the greatest number of crowded teeth in males aged 8 to 10 years.

Knowledge and experience in using 2D and 3D diagnostic imaging among dentists in Surabaya

Nastiti Faradilla Ramadhani — 2024-11-25

Background: Radiography is essential in dentistry for diagnosis and treatment planning, with two-dimensional imaging such as panoramic and periapical radiographs being commonly used. The advancement to three-dimensional imaging, specifically Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT), provides more detailed visualization but remains underutilized due to limited availability and knowledge among dentists in Indonesia. Purpose: This research is aimed to determine the knowledge and experience of using 2D and 3D diagnostic imaging among dentists in Surabaya. Methods: This research is using an observational descriptive study with a cross-sectional design consisting of 100 dentists who are domiciled in Surabaya and registered with PDGI in Surabaya. Results: The result showed that dentists’ knowledge of 2D diagnostic imaging with a good category has a percentage of 18%, quite good category with 49% and poor category with 33%. Meanwhile, the dentists’ knowledge of 3D diagnostic imaging with a good category has a percentage of 9%, quite good category with 36% and poor category with 55%. Around 88% of respondents have referred their patients for panoramic and periapical radiographs, while only about 22% of dentists have referred their patients for CBCT examinations. Conclusion: The knowledge of dentists regarding 2D diagnostic imaging is quite good, while the knowledge of dentists regarding 3D diagnostic imaging is low. The majority of dentists in Surabaya often refer their patients for panoramic and periapical radiographic examinations compared to referring them for CBCT examinations.