Indonesian Journal of Dental Medicine

The Release of nickel and chromium ions from stainless steel brackets as a result of long-term exposure to commonly used toothpaste

Indah Listiana Kriswandini — 2024-06-07

Background: Brackets in fixed orthodontic appliances are mostly made from metal or stainless steel. Maintaining oral hygiene by brushing the teeth with toothpaste during orthodontic treatment is important. One of the ingredients in toothpaste, sodium fluoride, can cause degradation of the stainless-steel surface, which has the potential to corrode or release metal elements. Purpose: the purpose of this study is to describe the Nickel and chromium ion release of stainless-steel brackets against toothpaste use in orthodontic treatment by means of narrative review. Review: The main corrosion products of stainless-steel brackets are nickel and chromium. Toothpaste detergents contain sodium lauryl sulfate, which can cause the release of nickel ions due to the presence of sodium ions, which can trigger redox reactions. In addition, the fluoride content will combine with hydrogen to produce hydrofluoric acid, which can damage the oxide layer on orthodontic wires, resulting in the release of metal ions such as nickel and chromium. The effects of the release of these ions can be carcinogenic, cause hypersensitivity reactions, and cause cytotoxicity. Corrosion causes the dissolution of filler metal, resulting in weakened bracket material and increased friction, leading to delayed tooth movement. Conclusion: Toothpaste can affect the release of nickel and chromium ions in stainless steel brackets in the presence of sodium and fluoride.

Curcumin in Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) for Treatment of Oral Lichen Planus: A Narrative Review

Vegananda Wahyu Purwaningrum — 2024-06-10

Background: Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) has long been used as a traditional medicine. The primary active component of turmeric is curcumin. It has potential anti-inflammatory effects and high antioxidant activity. Curcumin contained in turmeric has been reported as an effective treatment for Oral lichen planus (OLP). OLP is a chronic autoimmune, inflammatory disease of the oral mucosa associated with systemic disease. This disease involves the skin and mucous membranes (mucocutaneous) of stratified squamous epithelium. Purpose: This narrative review conducted on Google Scholar, PubMed, Research Gate, and ScienceDirect databases aims to study the effectiveness of curcumin contained in Turmeric (C. longa L.) in OLP treatment. Review(s): OLP is a condition of the oral mucosa that is a chronic autoimmune mucocutaneous disease. As many as 0.5% to 2.2% of cases of OLP occur in the adult population. Systemic and topical corticosteroid drugs are usually used to treat OLP. However, the use of these drugs has many side effects, so it needs searching for a new active substance to treat OLP. Curcumin is a hydrophobic polyphenol extracted from the rhizome of the herb Curcuma longa (turmeric), which has a low molecular weight. The repeated use of steroids can cause side effects that cause atrophy of the mucosa and candidiasis. One natural product that is superior to corticosteroids is curcumin. This is due to curcumin's anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and chemopreventive properties in several diseases. Conclusion: This review suggests that OLP treatment using curcumin in Turmeric (C. longa L.) is effective because curcumin exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticarcinogenic activities, as well as immunomodulatory properties.

Dental caries status among elementary students at Medowo III Elementary School, Kandangan, Kediri, East Java

Adya Pramusita — 2024-02-06

Background: Dental caries is frequently observed in children. Increasing the awareness of oral health among school-age children is anticipated to decrease the occurrence of dental caries. Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of dental caries among students in Medowo III elementary school using dmft/DMFT index. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out among the entire student at Medowo III elementary school. The dental caries of each student were assessed using the dmft and DMFT indices. The assessment of variable distribution was conducted using the Shapiro-Wilk test. The dmft/DMFT values were compared between different age groups and genders using either the Student's t-test or the Mann-Whitney test. The data was processed using a significance level of p < 0.05. Results: The study included a total of 43 students. The average caries index in primary dentitions was markedly greater than in permanent dentitions. According to WHO, the prevalence of dental caries was very high in the primary dentition of students aged 7-9 years. No notable disparities were detected between female and male students in relation to the caries index of both primary and permanent teeth. However, the average caries index of primary teeth was considerably higher in middle-childhood students compared to preadolescence students. Conclusion: The dental caries prevalence among students in Medowo III elementary school were still high. Therefore, oral health prevention program was needed in order to enhance the community's awareness toward dental caries.

Integrated oral health empowerment program for Imtaq Shighor Isy Karima Boarding School

Taufan Bramantoro — 2024-02-06

Background: A significant public health challenge among children and adolescents is dental and oral health problems, which is around 60-90%. This dental and oral disease can have a negative impact on the quality of life, causing pain, limited oral function, and emotional stress, and can cause students' teaching and learning activities to decline. Purpose: improving the health of students through early detection and independent and integrated management of general and dental health at Imtaq Shighor Isy Karima Islamic Boarding School, Karanganyar Regency, Central Java Province. Method: Socialization activity on general health and dental management of students carried out in August 2023 at Imtaq Shighor Isy Karima Boarding School, Karanganyar Regency, Central Java Province. There were 30 cottage caregivers as participants. Evaluation is carried out by giving a pretest and post-test. Result: Based on the evaluation results, it was found that the average pre-test score was 68.18 while the post-test average was 81.36 so participants experienced an increase in knowledge of 13.18%. Conclusion: participants who took part in socialization activities on early detection and management of general and dental health of students experienced increased knowledge and were active in discussions, based on the participants' pre-test and post-test completion.

The effect of silver-ion water on the growth of Streptococcus mutans

Dimas Prasetianto Wicaksono — 2024-02-07

Background: Caries is a multifactorial disease that often occurs in the oral cavity and can be caused by Streptococcus mutans. Various ways have been done to reduce the number of Streptococcus mutans, one of them is by exposing them to a material agent such as silver-ion water. Silver-ion water has been recognized as an effective material for inhibiting several pathogenic bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Thus, there is a possibility that silver-ion water can be used to reduce the number of bacteria that cause dental caries, such as Streptococcus mutans. Purpose: To determine the effect of silver ion water on the growth of Streptococcus mutans. Methods: This research is an experimental laboratory study (in vitro) with a control group post-test-only design. Streptococcus mutans were exposed to 0-15 ppm silver-ion water on Brain Heart Infusion Broth (BHIB) media, then Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) were observed. Results: Silver-ion water with a concentration of 12.5 ppm was determined as MIC, and silver-ion water with a concentration of 15 ppm as MBC. Conclusion: Silver ion water is adequate as an antibacterial material in inhibiting (12.5 ppm) and killing (15 ppm) Streptococcus mutans.

Association between oral health care behavior and quality of life in elderly with diabetes mellitus in Menur Public Health Center, Surabaya

R. Darmawan Setijanto — 2024-06-03

Background: An elderly person is someone who is more than 60 years old. In Indonesia, there is an increase in the elderly population, increasing the prevalence of non-communicable diseases such as diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus is an abnormal increase in blood glucose. In Indonesia, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in 2018 was 2%. Diabetes mellitus causes various complications in the body, one of which is the oral cavity, which can affect quality of life. Purpose: To analyze the relationship between oral health care behavior and the quality of life of elderly patients with diabetes mellitus in the Menur Surabaya Community Health Center. Methods: The study was conducted with analytic observation and a cross-sectional approach on 80 elderly people with diabetes mellitus in the Menur Community Health Center. The data were obtained using a questionnaire. The data were tested for normality using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov method, and then correlation was tested using Spearman rank correlation. Results: There is a significant relationship between perceived barriers, self-efficacy, and cues to action towards oral health behavior. However, there is no significant relationship between perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, and quality of life towards oral health behavior. Conclusion: Quality of life hinges on oral health behavior, yet correlation tests reveal no significant link between oral health care and quality of life for diabetes patients, who prioritize other health facets. Age also impacts, with elders prioritizing aesthetics less than youth.

The importance of good health and well-being in Sekarkare Village, Probolinggo, East Java Village, Probolinggo, East Java

Mefina Kuntjoro — 2024-06-06

Background: Oral health is essential to total health and a satisfactory quality of life. One of the most contributing
factors is how a human being has an understanding of how to maintain oral health to improve the quality and well-being of life. Purpose: to provide and describe the community knowledge about the importance of replacing missing teeth using dentures and maintaining oral health to improve the quality of life. Methods: The event was carried out with an interactive educational concept by giving pre- and post-tests at the beginning and end of the event. There were at least 80 education participants, consisting of the people of Sekarkare village of various ages, from late adolescents to the elderly, along with village officials and guests from the Sekarkare Health Center. The activity was carried out at the village hall
of Sekarkare Village, Dringu District, Probolinggo Regency, East Java. Results: The majority of people understand and are enthusiastic about participating in a series of counseling events. There is an increase in scores in the pre-test (59,06%) and post-test (65,58%) results. Conclusion: The existence of counseling events with interactive educational concepts can increase public enthusiasm for participating in events, making it easier for people to gain new knowledge.

Behavior of pregnant women to improve oral health knowledge during pregnancy according to Lawrence Green theory in Pakis Public Health Service Area

Dini Setyowati — 2024-06-06

Background: Pregnancy involves conception, fetal development, and labor. The health of pregnant women needs to pay attention to aspects of oral health because it affects fetal development. The prevalence of periodontal disease in pregnant women reached 35%-100%. Lawrence Green categorizes behavioral influence factors into two, namely behavior and non-behavior, with three main factors: predisposing, reinforcing, and enabling. Purpose: To determine the relationship between the behavior of pregnant women in increasing knowledge about oral health during pregnancy. Methods: This study used qualitative research methods, and information retrieval using in-depth interviews with research samples, who were pregnant women at Pakis public health service area on September 14-30, 2020. Results: There are main findings found such as, there are still pregnant women who do not know how to maintain oral health during pregnancy, pregnant women still do not try to find out information related to oral health during pregnancy, and it was also found that the information provided at services related to oral health during pregnancy was felt to be lacking by some informants. Conclusion: In terms of knowledge and attitudes (predisposing factors), as well as access to services (enabling factors), informants did not experience any obstacles. In terms of support (reinforcing factors), most informants highlighted the importance of support from husbands, family, relatives, and friends for the oral health of pregnant women.

Star fruit leaves (Averrhoa bilimbi) extract and shrimp shell chitosan gel improves neovascularization in gingival wound healing in vivo

Nenny Prasetyaningrum — 2024-06-06

Background: Gingival incision is a procedure widely used in dentistry that can potentially cause infection. Star fruit leaves (Averrhoa bilimbi) extract contains saponins, tannins, flavonoids, and phenols that can act as antibacterials. Shrimpshells chitosan have good biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-toxicity, and antimicrobial properties. Star fruit leaves (A. bilimbi) extract and shrimp shell chitosan are made in gel preparations to accelerate drug delivery to target cells. Purpose: To specify the effect of applying a gel extract of star fruit leaves (A. bilimbi) and chitosan shrimp shells on the formation of new blood vessels in the healing process of gingival incision wounds. Methods: 25 males Rattus norvegicus needed to make an incision in the labial gingiva and were divided into five groups, namely the K-group (without any application), K+ (aloe vera gel application), and three treatment groups PI, PII, and PIII (5%, 10%, and 15% gel extract of Star fruit leaves (A. bilimbi) and shrimp shell chitosan). Topical application is carried out twice a day for seven days. Microscopic observations with hematoxylin-eosin staining were used to count the number of new blood vessels. The analysis used the one-way analysis of variance and the post-hoc Tukey Honest Significant Different method. Results: The treatment in the PII group showed significantly (p < 0.05) higher results than other groups. Conclusion: The formulation of 10% gel Star fruit leaves (A. bilimbi) extract and shrimp shells chitosan has increased blood vessels in the healing process of gingival incision wounds.

Preserving natural dentition and enhancing prosthetic rehabilitation with Cu-Sil denture: A case report

Mathiyazhagan Stalin — 2024-06-06

Background: A specific type of transitional denture called a Cu-Sil denture provides a therapy alternative for people who have a lot of natural teeth still in place and do not want to have them extracted. This is particularly salutary for cases where people may feel tone-conscious about the negative impact of tooth loss on their appearance and emotional well-being. Purpose: The purpose of this case report is to provide prosthetic rehabilitation for a partially edentulous patient while conserving the remaining natural teeth and their supporting structures. Case: With only three teeth (12, 13, and 14) remained in the maxillary arch, a 63-year-old man complained to the department of prosthodontics that he had difficulties speaking and eating since he had been missing both upper and lower teeth for a period of five years. Case management:This case report represents a simple method to fabricate a Cu-Sil denture in a partially edentulous patient. Conclusion: Cu-Sil dentures present a promising alternative for partially edentulous patients, offering a method to preserve and support the remaining natural teeth while providing effective prosthetic rehabilitation. The relining material, silicone, functions as a cushion to support the remaining natural teeth. Additionally, the use of a chairside soft-tissue liner in the basic removable partial denture helps to stabilize and retain the existing natural teeth.