The Indonesian Journal of Occupational Safety and Health

An Online Survey of Social and Demographic Determinants of Stress among Workers in Jakarta Province

Adella Delisa Putri — 2025-08-12

Introduction: Stress is related to the individual's psychological, physiological, and behavioral response to stressors. Many social and demographic determinants are probable causative factors of stress through a complex path. In Jakarta Province, a significant number of workers commute from surrounding cities, potentially exacerbating stress due to long travel times, job demands, and other related factors. This study aimed to determine social and demographic factors contributing to stress among workers in Jakarta Province. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted between October and December 2023 among 200 workers aged 15–65 years. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire via Google Form, distributed through snowball sampling on social media. The survey included the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), Social Capital Scale, UCLA Loneliness Scale, and Social Network Index (SNI). A backward stepwise linear regression was performed to identify significant predictors of stress. Results: This study found that the mean stress score among workers was 19.39, which indicated a moderate stress level. The model showed social support (ß=-0.13), social capital (ß=-0.90), age (ß=-0.07), income (ß=0.00), distance (ß=0.19) as predictors of stress among workers and also obtained an R-Square value 50.4%. Conclusion: Social support, social capital, age, income, and commuting distance significantly influence workers' stress levels in Jakarta Province. Enhancing workplace social support systems and promoting stronger social networks may help mitigate stress. Employers and policymakers should consider interventions such as flexible work arrangements and peer support programs to improve employee well-being

Assessing Safety Culture Maturity in Indonesia's Petrochemical Producer

Putu Nadi Astuti — 2025-08-20

Introduction: Safety culture maturity is essential in high-risk industries, including the petrochemical sector, where maintaining workplace safety helps prevent accidents and improve operational efficiency. This study explores the maturity level of safety culture at the petrochemical company in Indonesia using Hudson’s five stage maturity model as a framework for evaluation. The research aims to identify the correlation between safety culture maturity and five aspects of organizational factors. Methods: The questionnaire was completed using online survey-based research by the employees in a petrochemical company of 86 respondents selected through purposive sampling. Safety culture maturity served as the dependent variable, while the independent variables included five organizational factors: information, organizational learning, employee participation, communication, and commitment. The study considers safety culture maturity as the dependent variable, while the five organizational factors serve as independent variables. Data were analyzed using regression analysis Spearman’s correlation to assess between these factors and the maturity level of safety culture. Results: The results from the framework demonstrating the safety culture maturity at the level of generative. The strongest correlations were found in commitment (r = 0.712, p < 0.01), followed by information, organizational learning, employee participation, and communication. Meanwhile, gender and education level did not significantly influence safety culture maturity. Conclusion: These findings highlight the importance of organizational commitment, effective communication, and continuous learning make the safety culture become the habit. The study recommended the petrochemical industries using the framework and revised the questionnaire align with the regulation for continuous improvement in safety culture.

Job and Organizational Factors Determining Nurses' Work Stress at Regional General Hospital

Ikhram Hardi S. — 2025-08-20

Introduction: One of the government hospitals in South Sulawesi is facing various challenges related to nurses' working conditions, such as work stress. Preliminary data show that high work pressure, the nursing shift system, and the ratio of nurses to patients contribute to this condition and are predicted as risk factors that can affect the quality of work life for nurses. Methods: This study aim is to examine how organizational and job-related factors affect hospital nurses' work stress at regional hospital. Using a cross-sectional methodology, this study included 167 nurses out of 287 who were chosen by accident sampling. Questionnaires, observations, and interviews were used to gather data, which were then subjected to linear regression analysis (95% CI; α=0.05). Results: The results of this study indicate that work stress is significantly influenced by the job factor (p=0.000; β=0.415) and organizational factor (p=0.011; β= -0.229). Emotional demands are the most influential component of job factors on the emergence of stress. Conclusion: High job demands, especially emotional burden, significantly increase nurses' work stress, whereas good organizational support can reduce it. These findings indicate the importance of reducing emotional burden and increasing institutional support through mental resilience training, structured debriefing sessions, peer support systems, and psychological counseling services. The results of this study can also be used as a basis for policy making by hospital leaders to be more supportive of nurses' mental well-being and the sustainability of health service quality.

Association Between Personal Hygiene Practices and Peripheral Blood Profiles in Agrarian Workers: An Analysis with Socio-demographic and Helminthiasis Considerations

Dewi Indiastari — 2025-08-20

Introduction: Helminthiasis remains a significant public health issue in Indonesia, negatively impacting nutrition and cognitive development, particularly among individuals who are in direct contact with soil. To mitigate this issue, improving personal hygiene and awareness of infection prevention is essential. This study aims to examine the correlation between sociodemographic factors and personal hygiene with blood profiles among workers in agrarian areas. Methods: A cross-sectional approach was used, with 144 samples collected through purposive sampling in the agrarian area of Malang Regency. Data were gathered using questionnaires covering sociodemographic factors and personal hygiene, as well as through hematology tests results obtained from blood samples taken from respondents, which were tested at the dr. Saiful Anwar Malang General Hospital. For data analysis, the Chi-square test was utilized for bivariate analysis, while logistic regression was employed for multivariate analysis. Results: The mean age of respondents was 48.1 ± 14.1 years, with a majority having attained only an elementary education (51.4%) and primarily working as farmers (66.7%). Approximately 38.2% of respondents demonstrated poor personal hygiene. Significant associations were found between personal hygiene and hemoglobin levels (p=0.031), as well as eosinophil counts (p=0.007). Multivariate analysis showed that respondents who did not wash their hands before eating had 1.8 times higher odds of having abnormal blood profiles compared to those who practiced handwashing. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that sociodemographic factors and personal hygiene are associated with the quality of blood profile among respondents. Enhanced education is needed to raise community awareness regarding personal hygiene.

Age, Sleep, Fatigue, and Body Mass Index Patterns in Central Java Bus Drivers: Multi-Route Occupational Health Assessment

Bayu Yoni Setyo Nugroho — 2025-08-20

Introduction: Indonesia's growing transportation demands have increased reliance on bus services across Central Java Province. Despite their importance, driver health remains understudied, even as driver factors account for 65% of public transportation accidents. This study investigates differences in health characteristics among bus drivers across three distinct routes: Trans Jateng, BRT Semarang City, and Inter-City Bus Transportation Services Between Semarang-Surakarta. Methods: This quantitative cross-sectional study conducted in Semarang City and Surakarta City examined 210 bus drivers between January 2023-August 2024 using interviews, questionnaires and stature meters. Variables included age, sleep duration, fatigue levels (using the Industrial Fatigue Research Committee questionnaire), and Body Mass Index. Analysis employed Kruskal-Wallis tests followed by Mann-Whitney post-hoc tests with Bonferroni correction. Results: Analysis revealed significant differences across all variables (p<0.001). Trans Jateng drivers (mean age 43.1 years) demonstrated optimal sleep (7.0 hours), low fatigue levels (88.6%), and healthier BMI profiles (74.3% normal). BRT Semarang City drivers (mean age 44.2 years) showed paradoxical characteristics with longest sleep duration (9.5 hours) yet highest fatigue levels (80% very high) and poor BMI profiles (84.3% overweight/obese). Inter-City drivers, despite being older (mean age 51.4 years) with shortest sleep duration (5.4 hours), showed moderate fatigue adaptation (92.9%) and similar BMI concerns (84.2% overweight/obese). Conclusion: Significant differences (p<0.001) exist among three public transport driver groups. Trans Jateng showed the best health profile, BRT Semarang City paradoxical with long sleep yet high fatigue, and Inter-City adaptive despite insufficient sleep. Sleep duration does not correlate with fatigue levels. Group-specific health interventions are needed.