The Indonesian Journal of Public Health

CORRELATION OF VISUAL FIELD LOSS TO ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIVING DISTURBANCE ON GLAUCOMA OUTPATIENTS IN SURABAYA

Fri, 01 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: Glaucoma is known as a thief of sight due to its progressive visual field loss with symptoms typically manifesting only at advanced stages. Visual field loss, particularly peripheral vision, can affect patients’ quality of life (QoL) in performing activities of daily living. Glaucoma cases are predicted to rise by 74% worldwide between 2013 and 2040. Aims: Assess the correlation between the degree of visual field loss and disturbance in activities of daily living in glaucoma outpatients. Methods: A total of 60 patients from Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital were interviewed using the NEI VFQ-25 on near vision, distance vision, peripheral vision, social function, driving, and dependency subscales. Visual field loss was assessed using the Humphrey Visual Field Analyzer (HFA) and categorized based on the Hodapp, Parish, and Anderson (HPA) classification using the better-eye mean deviation value. Meanwhile, Spearman’s rank correlation was used to determine the correlation between the patients’ visual field loss and NEI VFQ-25 interview results. Results: Significant moderate correlations were observed between visual field loss and the social function (r = 0.545) and dependency (r = 0.483) subscales. Significant weak correlations were observed in the near vision (r = 0.351), distance vision (r = 0.383), and peripheral vision (r = 0.398) subscales. An insignificant weak correlation was observed in the driving subscale (r = 0.262). Conclusion: Visual field loss in glaucoma patients is associated with impaired performance in activities of daily living, with the severity of limitation increasing in line with the progression of visual field loss.

ANALYSIS OF FACTORS RELATED TO SAFE BEHAVIOR OF WORKERS (Cross-sectional Study: Construction Project Building X, Purwokerto)

Damairia Hayu Parmasari, Suryanto, Windri Lesmana Rubai, Danang Isnubroto — Fri, 01 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: The work environment must prioritize the implementation of Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) measures to prevent accidents and work-related illnesses. A key aspect of Occupational Safety and Health implementation is the promotion of safe behavior among workers. This is particularly crucial in the construction sector, where workers are frequently exposed to high-risk conditions. According to the Indonesian Employment Social Security Administration, construction-related incidents accounted for the highest proportion of work accidents in 2023, contributing 32% of all reported cases. Building X in Purwokerto is one such construction project that is currently ongoing and subject to these occupational safety concerns. Aims: This research aims to determine the factors related to safe behavior in construction workers in Building X, Purwokerto. Methods: A cross-sectional design was applied, and the population included all construction workers in Building X, consisting of 89 workers. The independent variable measured is safe behavior, while the dependent variables include age, work experience, length of service, knowledge, attitudes, availability of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), training, supervision, and regulations. The instrument used was a questionnaire containing questions about age, work experience, length of service, knowledge, attitudes, training, supervision, and regulations. Results: There is no significant correlation between age, length of service, work experience, knowledge, attitudes, training, and regulation and safe behavior with p-value >0.05. Conclusion: There is no significant correlation between age, length of service, work experience, knowledge, attitudes, training, and regulations and safe behavior among workers in Building X.

HEALTH CARE SATISFACTION OF PATIENTS COVERED BY NATIONAL HEALTH INSURANCE IN WAINGAPU, SUMBA TIMUR, INDONESIA

Yohanes Kambaru Windi, Asnani, Baiq Dewi Harnani — Fri, 01 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: Membership in Indonesia's National Health Insurance (NHI) has dramatically increased, especially among the subsidized poor group, reaching 83.9% of the 229.9 million people enrolled in the scheme. However, patients’ satisfaction with care provided under this coverage remains uncertain. Aims: To measure the health care satisfaction of patients covered by the NHI in Waingapu, Sumba Timur District, East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia. Method: An explanatory cross-sectional study was conducted with 500 patients recruited from three hospitals and 10 community health centers. The Patient-Perceived Indicators of Satisfaction (PPIS) tool was developed for data collection. Descriptive statistical analysis was used to evaluate satisfaction level, while confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) tested the strength of association between indicators and patient satisfaction. Results: Most patients were very satisfied with the health care received; reliability (62%), assurance (52.2%), empathy (56.4%), tangible (49.6%), and responsiveness (45.4%). The CFA confirmed key indicators, including the availability of medicines as central to reliability (0.771), effective medicine (0.788), availability of parking area (0.814) for tangibles, motivation provided by health staff (0.804) for empathy, and responsiveness of pharmaceutical services (0.782). Among all dimensions, patients reported the highest satisfaction in assurance of health care (0.950), while satisfaction on tangible aspects (0.874) received the lowest rating. Conclusion: The study concludes that patients covered by the NHI are satisfied with the expected quality of health care services. However, satisfaction levels vary across individual indicators and dimensions.

THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA AND KNOWLEDGE ON ADOLESCENTS' INTENTIONS TO ENGAGE IN E-CIGARETTE SMOKING

Agus Susanto, Dody Mulyanto, Rizka Licia — Fri, 01 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: The global prevalence of e-cigarette use among adolescents (11.3%) is increasing, primarily driven by exposure to promotional content on social media platforms. Aims: This study aimed to examine how exposure to e-cigarette content, content type, e-cigarette-related activity within the content, and knowledge about e-cigarettes influence adolescents’ intention to use e-cigarettes. Method: This survey-based study was conducted in Surakarta, Central Java, in November 2024. A total of 260 junior and senior high school students were selected through stratified random sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire, and logistic regression analysis was applied to evaluate the relationships between variables. Results: The analysis indicated that exposure to e-cigarette content significantly increased the intention to use e-cigarettes (p < 0.001). In contrast, higher levels of knowledge about e-cigarettes were significantly associated with a lower intention to use them (p = 0.020). However, neither the type of content nor the presence of e-cigarette-related activity within the content showed a significant association with use intention (p = 0.501 and p = 0.162, respectively). The logistic regression model accounted for 25% to 34% of the variance in e-cigarette use intention, suggesting a moderate explanatory power. Conclusion: These findings underscore the significant influence of e-cigarette content exposure and adolescents’ knowledge levels on their intention to use e-cigarettes. While exposure increases the likelihood of use, adequate knowledge appears to reduce it. Therefore, reducing adolescents’ exposure to e-cigarette content and improving their awareness of the associated health risks may serve as effective strategies to prevent e-cigarette initiation.

PET ATTACHMENT AND STRESS LEVELS AMONG PRECLINICAL MEDICAL STUDENTS

Mariani Santosa, Nicholas Hardi, Cicilia Jessica — Fri, 01 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: Medical students are considered an academic group highly prone to stress, with prevalence rates ranging from 28.5% to 78%. Human-Animal Interaction (HAI) has been shown in several studies to correlate positively with stress reduction. A 2021 Rakuten Insight survey across 12 Eastern and Southern Asian countries reported that 41% of respondents kept pets to alleviate sadness and stress, while 36% cited companionship. Pets are seen as valuable emotional resources and adaptive tools for managing stress. Aims: This cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the levels of stress experienced by preclinical medical students. The study specifically aimed to explore the relationship between the degree of attachment these students have to their pets and their reported stress levels. Methods: A total of 100 preclinical students took part in this study. The pet attachment scores and stress levels were assessed using standard questionnaires. Data from this study were analyzed using a one-way ANOVA test and Post Hoc analysis. Results: The average pet attachment score in this study was 49.73. The pet attachment scores were higher in female participants and participants who kept their pets for over nine years. Most respondents experienced moderate stress levels (81%). Significant differences were found in the pet attachment score to mild-moderate stress levels (p = 0.001). Conclusion: The results obtained from this study lend support to the hypothesis that attachment to pets has a positive impact on stress levels.

RELATIONSHIP OF ANTENATAL CARE VISIT, EMESIS GRAVIDARUM, AND DIETARY HABIT AGAINST ANEMIA IN PREGNANCY

Fri, 01 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: Anemia is one of the clinical conditions that can be found in many countries, particularly developing countries. The prevalence of anemia in pregnant women in Indonesia is 37.1% with the highest in rural areas, namely 37.8%, and the lowest in urban areas, 36.4%. Multifactors can influence anemia in pregnancy. Aims: This study aimed to determine the relationship between ANC visits, emesis gravidarum, and diet on anemia in pregnant women patients. Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study. The research was conducted at the Independent Practice Place of Midwife Rabiah, AM.Keb, Sentosa Village, The District of Seberang Ulu II, Palembang City, South Sumatra Province. The independent variables in this study were ANC visits, emesis gravidarum, and diet, while the dependent variable was anemia in pregnant women. Our study used the SPSS ver.25 program. This study conducted univariate and bivariate analysis. The bivariate used chi-square test. Results: Based on the chi-square test with CI = 95% obtained p-value <0.001 (P<0.05), a significant association between dietary patterns and anemia in expectant mothers at TPMB Rabiah, Am.Keb, Sentosa Village, Sebrang Ulu District, Palembang City, South Sumatra Province, 2023. Conclusion: This study showed a significant association between Antenatal Care visits, Emesis Gravidarum, and Diet against anemia in expectant mothers, which can be used as a source of information for expectant mothers.

PROFILING OF ANTHROPOMETRIC, BODY COMPOSITION, AND PHYSICAL FITNESS IN INDIVIDUALS WITH DISABILITIES USING THE MALAYSIA INSPIRE I-TALENT MANUAL

Fri, 01 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: People with ID were reported prone to be overweight (22.5%) and obese (23.8%) compared to the general population and demonstrated poor level of physical fitness. Aims: This study aims to identify the anthropometric measurement and physical fitness profile in individuals with intellectual disability (ID) and examine the best factors that significantly contribute to explosive strength and balance performance. Method: 124 individuals with ID in Kelantan were recruited in this study. Anthropometry, body composition, and physical fitness were measured using Inspire i-Talent manual. Results: Individuals with ID in this study were overweight (24.27 kg/m²) and their fitness levels were considered generally poor. Stepwise regression analysis revealed that lower limb explosive power variable (R= 0.864, R²= 0.747, F= 34,947, p<0.05) can be anticipated from medicine ball throw, fat percentage and 505 agility test values. In addition, for upper body explosive power (R= 0.863, R²= 0.745, F= 4.223, p= 0.042) it can be forecasted from standing long jump, body weight, gender, static balance, and arm span. Lastly, standing long jump and 505 agility tests could be the main predictor of static balance (R= 0.597, R²= 0.356, F= 6,586, p= 0.011). Conclusion: Present finding can be used as a reference for researchers in Malaysia when prescribing and implementing physical assessment in ID population.

INVESTIGATING PARENTS’ RECOGNITION OF THE NEED FOR ADOLESCENT MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES IN REMOTE AREAS

Fri, 01 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: The prevalence of depression among children under 15 in Kulon Progo Regency reaches 6%, while emotional and mental disorders affect 8%, with only 9% of affected individuals receiving adequate treatment. Parental behaviour influences the utilisation of mental health services for adolescents, shaping how service needs are assessed. Limited mental health resources and negative parental attitudes further exacerbate adolescent mental health conditions. Aims: This study aims to evaluate parental attitudes toward access to mental health services for adolescents. Method: Using a cross-sectional design, a total of 107 biological parents of adolescents aged 10 to 24 years were selected using purposive sampling. Result: This study finds that perceived severity, perceived threat, and cues to action significantly influence parental behaviour in seeking mental health services (p < 0.05). While 57% of parents reported inappropriate use of services and perceived no benefits from them, 51.4% acknowledged no access barriers. However, only 49.5% demonstrated strong self-efficacy, and 53.3% failed to take timely action. Conclusion: The findings underscore the need for interventions that equip parents with practical knowledge and skills to obtain appropriate mental health services for their adolescent.

QUALITY OF LIFE OF THE ELDERLY IN THE RURAL REGION OF DELHI, INDIA

Ankit Yadav, G. S. Meena, Nandini Sharma, Rajesh Kumar — Fri, 01 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: The proportion of elderly people in India has sharply increased. According to World Population Prospects 2019, the elderly population will be around 19% by 2050. Due to this, there remains a concern about the quality of life (QOL) of the elderly. There is a scarcity of knowledge about QOL and related factors influencing the elderly population, particularly in rural areas of northern India. So, this study was conducted. Aims: To study the quality of life in the elderly aged sixty years and above using WHOQOL-BREF in rural Delhi. Methods: Cross-sectional study in the community. People aged 60 and older in the study area were enrolled using simple random sampling. A total of 195 elderly people were enrolled in the study after obtaining consent. The data was imported into MS Excel and evaluated with SPSS version 25. For descriptive and inferential statistics, p-values of 0.05 were deemed statistically significant. Results: Among the 195 participants, 40.5% were men and 59.5% were women. The proportion of married elderly was 47.7% while the rest were widowed, and 47.2% of the elderly were illiterate. Out of 195 participants, 155 were living in a joint family. Physical health (60.76±11.31), Psychological (67.90±8.71), Social relationship (90.81±12.31), and Environment domain (83.23±11.59) had the highest mean WHOQOL-BREF scores. Conclusions: The QOL score was highest in the social relationship category and lowest in the physical health category. Researchers can conduct a qualitative study in the future to determine the factors affecting quality of life.