THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN AUDIT FEE AND AUDIT QUALITY: A META-ANALYSIS STUDY
Downloads
Introduction: This study aims to reconcile conflicting empirical results from previous studies on the relationship between audit fees and audit quality. In addition, it investigated whether the contradictory findings were moderated by different types of audit fees and audit quality measures. The study also makes cross-country comparisons of empirical evidence to provide more insights.
Methods: This study utilized meta-analysis to integrate the findings of previous studies on the relationship between audit fees and audit quality and further investigated moderators of the association.
Results: The findings revealed that audit fees had a positive effect on audit quality. These results were observable for both developed and developing countries, indicating the beneficial consequences of audit fees on audit quality should not be overlooked. Furthermore, this study also found that the size of audit fees and quality moderated the positive influence of audit fees on the quality.
Conclusion and suggestion: This study contributes to the stream of research investigating the relationship between audit fees and audit quality. To the best of our knowledge, this study represents one of the pioneering efforts to apply statistical meta-analysis to the issue addressed.
Aljaaidi, K. S., Abidin, S. Bin, & Hassan, W. K. (2021). Audit Fees and Audit Quality : Evidence from Gulf Cooperation Council Region. AD-Minister No. 38 Enero - Junio, 121–159.
Allen, M. (2017). The SAGE Encyclopedia of Communication Research Methods. Sage Publication Inc.
Ardani, S. V. (2017). The Influence of Audit Tenure, Audit Rotation, and Audit Fees on Audit Quality with the Audit Committee as a Moderating Variable (Study of Financial Sector Companies Listed on the BEI in 2010-2014). Journal of Accounting, 6(1), 1–12.
Ariyanto, T., & Fanani, Z. (2020). The Influence of Social Ties, Audit Tenure and Audit Fee towards Audit Quality. International Journal of Advances in Scientific Research and Engineering, 06(10), 138–145.
Ayu, P. D., Ida, R., & Apit, S. W. (2019). The Influence of Company Size and Audit Fee on Audit Quality. 65(Icebef 2018), 371–375.
Beck, A. K., Fuller, R. M., Muriel, L., & Reid, C. D. (2013). Audit fees and investor perceptions of audit characteristics. Behavioral Research in Accounting, 25(2), 71–95.
Bing, M. N., Davison, H. K., Minor, I., Novicevic, M. M., & Frink, D. D. (2011). The prediction of task and contextual performance by political skill: A meta-analysis and moderator test. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 79(2), 563–577.
Brierley, J. A. (1999). Accountants'Job Satisfaction : A Meta-Analysis. British Accounting Review, 31, 63–84.
Dalton, D. R., Daily, C. M., Certo, S. T., Roengpitya, R., & Daily, C. M. (2003). Meta-Analyses of Financial Performance and Equity : Fusion or Confusion ? Academy of Management Journal, 46(1), 13–26.
Davis, L., Ricchiute, D., & Trompeter, G. (1993). Audit effort, audit fees, and the provision of nonaudit services to audit clients. Accounting Review, 68(1), 135–150.
DeAngelo, L. E. (1981). Auditor size and audit fees. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 3(3), 183–199.
Dechow, P. M., Sloan, R. G., Sweeney, A. P., & Sloan, R. G. (1995). Detecting Earnings Management. The Accounting Review, 70(2), 193–225.
Egiyi, M. (2022). Audit Quality and Audit Fees : The Case of Listed Companies in the Nigerian Financial Services Sector. Contemporary Journal of Management, 4(2), 14–24.
Ettredge, M., Fuerherm, E. E., & Li, C. (2014). Fee pressure and audit quality. Accounting, Organizations and Society, 39(4), 247–263.
Fanani, Z. (2014). Company Characteristics and Corporate Governance on Earnings Management: Meta Analysis Study. Journal of Finance and Banking, 18(2), 180–200.
Garcia-Blandon, J., Argiles, J. M., & Ravenda, D. (2020). On the Relationship between Audit Tenure and Fees Paid to the Audit Firm and Audit Quality. Accounting in Europe, 17(1), 78–103.
García-Meca, E., & Sánchez-Ballesta, J. P. (2009). Corporate governance and earnings management: A meta-analysis. Corporate Governance: An International Review, 17(5), 594–610.
Glass, G. V. (1976). Primary, Secondary, and Meta-Analysis of Research. Educational Researcher, 5(10), 3.
Hakim, M. S., & Mardijuwono, A. W. (2020). Labor unions, audit fees, internal control and audit quality. International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change, 13(4), 797–812.
Hardies, K., Breesch, D., & Branson, J. (2015). The female audit fee premium. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 34(4), 171–195.
Hay, D. (2013). Further Evidence from Meta-Analysis of Audit Fee Research. International Journal of Auditing, 17(2), 162–176.
Hay, D. C., Knechel, W. R., & Wong, N. (2006). Audit fees: A meta-analysis of the effect of supply and demand attributes. Contemporary Accounting Research, 23(1), 141–191.
Heemskerk, K. (2019). Promising avenue or dead end street? A meta analytic review of the Forbes and Milliken model of board behaviour. Corporate Governance (Bingley), 19(3), 471–489.
Hoitash, R., Markelevich, A., & Barragato, C. A. (2007). Auditor fees and audit quality. Managerial Auditing Journal, 22(8), 761–786.
Hunter, J. E., Ballard, T., Hunter, J., John Edward, H., Schmidt, F. L., & Jackson, G. B. (1982). Meta Analysis: Cumulating Research Findings across Studies. SAGE Publications, Incorporated., 4.
Hunter, J., & Schmidt, F. (2004). Methods of Meta-Analysis. SAGE Publication Inc., Available at: Https:// Methods.Sagepub.Com/Book/Methods-of-Meta-Analysis.
Ibrahim, M., & Ali, I. (2018). Impact of Audit Fees on Audit Quality of Conglomerates Companies in Nigeria. International Journal of Service Science, Management and Engineering, 5(1), 1–8.
Ilechukwu, & Ubaka, F. (2017). Effect of audit fee on audit quality of listed firms in Nigeria. International Journal of Trend in Research and Development, 4(5), 319–326.
Ishak, P., & Sholehah, N. H. (2022). The Impact of Time Pressure , Audit Fees and Auditor Motivation on Audit Quality. Golden Ratio of Auditing Research, 2(1), 1–11.
Kafabih, M., & Adiwibowo, A.S. (2017). Analysis of the Influence of Client Size, Audit Firm Size, and Audit Fee on Audit Quality. Diponegoro Journal of Accounting, 6(3), 1–11.
Kuntari, Y., Chariri, A., & Nurdhiana. (2017). The Effect of Auditor Ethics, Auditor Experience, Audit Fees and Auditor Motivation on Audit Quality. SIJDEB, 1(2), 203–218.
Kurniawan, G., Ngumar, S., & Kurnia, -. (2019). Effects of Time Budget Pressure, Audit Fee, Independence and Competence on Audit Quality. Journal of Auditing, Finance, and Forensic Accounting, 7(1).
Kusumawardani, D., & Riduwan, A. (2017). The Influence of Independence, Audit Fees and Objectivity on Audit Quality. Journal of Accounting Science and Research, 6(1), 388–402.
Lohwasser, T. S., Hoch, F., & Kellermanns, F. W. (2021). Strength in Stability: A Meta-Analysis of Family Firm Performance Moderated by Institutional Stability and Regime Type. Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, 46(1), 117–158.
Malinda, & Sudarno, R. (2020). The Influence of Company Reputation, Company Size, and Audit Fees on Audit Quality (Study of Manufacturing Companies Listed on the IDX in 2015-2017). Diponegoro Journal of Accounting, 9, 1–11.
Mande, V., & Son, M. (2015). How Do Auditor Fees Affect Accruals Quality? Additional Evidence. International Journal of Auditing, 19(3), 238–251.
Mohammed, A. M., Joshua, O., & Ahmed, M. N. (2018). Audit Fees and Audit Quality: A Study of Listed Companies in the Downstream Sector of Nigerian Petroleum Industry. Humanities and Social Sciences Letters, 6(2), 59–73.
Munidewi, I. A. B., Sunarsih, N. M., & Widyantari, I. A. M. (2020). Independence, Time Budget Pressure, Audit Fee and Workload on Audit Quality as The Impact of Covid-19. Journal of International Conference Proceedings, 3(4), 67–76. https://doi.org/10.32535/jicp.v3i4.1011
Nurintiati, Anastasia & Agus Purwanto. (2017). The Influence of KAP Tenure, KAP Size, Auditor Specialization and Audit Fee on Audit Quality with Audit Committee Moderation. Diponegoro Journal of Accounting, Vol. 6(3), 1–13.
Pamungkas, Y. C. C. (2014). The Influence of Audit Fees, KAP Rotation, and Auditor Reputation on Audit Quality (Empirical Study of Manufacturing Companies Listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange for the 2007-2012 Period). Journal of Management and Accounting Research, 02(02), 59–67.
Permatasari, I. Y., & Astuti, C. D. (2019). The Influence of Audit Fees, Auditor Rotation, and KAP Reputation on Audit Quality. Trisakti Accounting Journal, 5(1), 81–94.
Pham, N. K., Duong, H. N., Pham, T. Q., & Ho, N. T. T. (2017). Audit Firm Size, Audit Fee, Audit Reputation and Audit Quality: The Case of Listed Companies in Vietnam. Asian Journal of Finance & Accounting, 9(1), 429.
Rahmina, L. Y., & Agoes, S. (2014). Influence of Auditor Independence, Audit Tenure, and Audit Fee on Audit Quality of Members of Capital Market Accountant Forum in Indonesia. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 164(August), 324–331.
Rizki, M., & Sudarno. (2020). The Influence of Hood Reputation, Hood Size, and Audit Fees on Audit Quality. Diponegoro Journal of Accounting, 9(3), 1–11.
Rochmatilah, S., Susanto, B., & Purwantini, A. H. (2021). The Effect of Audit Fee, Auditor Rotation, Auditor Firm Reputation, and Auditor Specialization on Audit Quality. Journal of Islamic Finance and Accounting, 4(1), 26–40.
Saheed, D. O., Ajibola, I. M., & Adedoyin, L. (2021). Efficacy of Audit Fee on Audit Qaulity of Selected Pharmaceutical Firms in Nigeria. Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting, 10(1), 53–66.
Salam, & Arman, A. (2021). How to audit Fee and tenure Audit effect to quality audit ? Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Ekonomi Syariah, 4(2), 1347–1355.
Salehi, M., Jafarzadeh, A., & Nourbakhshhosseiny, Z. (2017). The effect of audit fees pressure on audit quality during the sanctions in Iran. International Journal of Law and Management, 59(1), 66–81.
Salim, M. A., & Raharja, S. (2021). The Effect Of Audit Fee And Audit Effort On Audit Quality (In Manufacturing Companies Listed On Indonesia Stock Exchnge 2017-2019). Diponegoro Journal of Accounting, 10(4), 1–12.
Simunic, D. A. (1984). Auditing, Consulting, and Auditor Independence. Journal of Accounting Research, 22(2), 679–702.
Suseno, N. S. (2013). An Empirical Analysis of Auditor Independence and Audit Fees on Audit Quality. International Journal of Management and Business Studies. International Journal of Management and Business Studies, 3(3), 82–87.
Tobi, B. A., Osasrere, A. O., & Emmanuel, U. (2016). Auditor's independence and audit quality: A study of selected deposit money banks in Nigeria. International Journal of Finance and Accounting, 5(1), 13–21.
Tosi, H. L., Werner, S., Katz, J. P., & Gomez-Mejia, L. R. (2000). How much does performance matter? A meta-analysis of CEO pay studies. Journal of Management, 26(2), 301–339.
Weber, J., Willenborg, M., & Zhang, J. (2008). Does auditor reputation matter? The case of KPMG Germany and ComROAD AG. Journal of Accounting Research, 46(4), 941–972.
Widmann, M., Follert, F., & Wolz, M. (2021). What is it going to cost? Empirical evidence from a systematic literature review of audit fee determinants. In Management Review Quarterly (Vol. 71, Issue 2). Springer International Publishing.
Wiguna, I. K. A., Yasa, I. B. A., & Suardani, A. A. P. (2019). Time Budget Pressure as Moderating Variable on the Effect of Professionalism, Experience and Audit Fee on Audit Quality. Journal of Applied Sciences in Accounting, Finance, and Tax, 2(2), 101–108.
Wijaya, N., & Susilandari, C. A. (2022). The Influence of Audit Fees, Audit Tenure, and Financial Distress on Audit Quality. BALANCE: Journal of Accounting, Auditing And Finance, 19(1), 150–172..
Zerni, M. (2012). Audit Partner Specialization and Audit Fees: Some Evidence from Sweden. Contemporary Accounting Research, 29(1), 312–340.
Copyright (c) 2024 Hartaty Hartaty, Wiwiek Dianawati
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Airlangga agree to the following terms:The journal allows the author to hold the copyright of the article without restrictions.
The journal allows the author(s) to retain publishing rights without restrictions
The legal formal aspect of journal publication accessibility refers to Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike (CC BY-SA).
Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Airlangga (JEBA) is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License