Journal of Marine and Coastal Science

Composition of Marine Debris on The Coast of Banyuwangi, East Java

Dwi Nurjanatin Arifianti — 2024-09-27

Marine debris has emerged as a significant environmental issue of growing global concern, closely linked to pollution and its impact on the environment. Understanding the distribution of marine waste in coastal areas is crucial, especially considering that beaches are key sites for various human activities such as tourism, fishing, and shipping. To address this, a study was conducted to analyze the composition of marine debris on three beaches in Banyuwangi Regency, East Java. The study took place in July and August of 2023, focusing on Boom, Cacalan, and Cemara beaches. Marine debris was collected along the coastline in 5 x 5 m transects, spaced 20 m apart, to identify and quantify the types of waste. The findings revealed that Boom Beach had the highest percentage of rubbish (46%), followed by Cemara Beach (30%) and Cacalan Beach (24%). Additionally, the highest abundance of rubbish per area was found at Boom Beach (5.97 ± 16.64 item/m2), Cemara Beach (3,92 ± 11,36 item/m2), and Cacalan Beach (3,12 ± 5,27 item/m2). Boom Beach and Cemara Beach were primarily dominated by plastic waste, while at Cacalan Beach, plastic waste and broken glass were found in nearly equal proportions. The calculation of the Clean Coast Index (CCI) indicated that all three beaches were significantly polluted. As a result, there is a clear need for focused attention on waste management at tourist beaches to preserve the aesthetics and comfort of beach visitors.

Community Structure of Fishes the Association with Seagrasses at Bama Beach, Baluran National Park, Situbondo, East Java

Arif Setyanto — 2024-09-27

Seagrass bed has an important role for biota in waters. The existence of fish in seagrass is influenced by other ecosystems close to seagrass, such as mangroves and coral reefs. This study focuses on fish associated with seagrass in Bama Beach. The data include seagrass coverage and the number of fish for the Diversity, Uniformity, and Dominance. The study was carried out on March 15 to 20, 2018 using the Underwater Visual Census. Results show that seagrass cover was highest in seagrass stations near mangroves (62,66%), while at stations near coral reefs was 37,66. The composition of fish associated with seagrass near mangroves was 361 individuals, while near reefs was 1.454 individuals. The values of diversity, uniformity, and dominance of fish associated with seagrass near mangroves are 2,62; 0,88; and 0,09 respectively while those associated with coral reefs have values of 2,93; 0,85; and 0,06. Family Aulostomidae was dominant in the morning at the station near mangroves, and in the afternoon was dominated by Apogonidae. At the station near coral reefs, the Family Pomacentridae was dominant both in the morning and afternoon. The seagrass conditions in this study are in the healthy category with quite diverse fishes. The level of fish diversity in seagrass was influenced by habitats associated with seagrasses than seagrass cover levels. The condition of Bama Beach as a conservation area is quite good, but the activity of tourists around the coastline must be monitored to maintain the environment.

Effect of Glucose Addition on Physical Characteristics of Edible Film from Kappa-Carrageenan Using Sorbitol Plasticizer

Nadia Gita Bestari — 2024-09-27

The development of increasingly advanced food technology has resulted in various new food product innovations, one example of which is edible film. Edible films can be made from polysaccharides such as kappa carrageenan with the addition of sorbitol and glucose plasticizers to improve their physical characteristics. This research aims to determine the effect of adding glucose on the physical properties of edible film from kappa carrageenan and sorbitol plasticizer. The research carried out was experimental using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four treatments and five replications. Treatment consisted of glucose concentrations of 0%, 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5%. Data analysis used ANOVA, then continued with the DMRT test. The research results prove that glucose has a significant effect (p<0.05) on the physical characteristics of edible film. Optimal results were found at a glucose concentration of 0.5%, with a thickness value of 0.0972 mm, water vapor transmission rate of 3.319 g/m2/day, tensile strength of 3.2648 MPa, and elongation of 22.34%.

Innovative Utilization of Blood Cockle Shell Waste (Anadara granosa) as a Growth Medium for Nitzschia sp.

Diva Adinda Purnamasari — 2024-09-27

Shellfish are a fishery commodity in Indonesia with increasing production annually, including a projected 137 thousand tons in 2024. Among the various types of shellfish, blood cockle is one of the most popular among citizens. Only 11-16% of their body is consumable, while the majority of it consists of shells that end up as waste. This waste is generally processed into crafts or animal feed. Blood cockle shell waste contains nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), which are necessary for higher and lower plants. This study was conducted to explore the potential of blood cockle shell waste as a growth medium for the microalgae Nitzschia sp. Reduction of the N and P ratio in this study was carried out to increase cell density by limiting nutrients of Nitzschia sp. There were five treatments with four replications in this study: P1 as a positive control (f/2 medium; N/P 8:1), P2 (cockle shell fertilizer medium/CSF; N/P 1,3:1), P3 (CSF+NaNO3; N/P 0,1:1), P4 (CSF+NaNO3; N/P 0,121:1), and P5 (CSF+NaNO3; N/P ratio 0,144:1). The results showed a significant difference (p<0.05) in the population of Nitzschia sp. in P3 with the highest density of 862.500 cells/ml and average daily growth of 275.000 cells/day. Based on this, the lowest N/P ratio limitation showed the best growth in Nitzschia sp. The low ratio indicates the prevention of toxicity in the culture medium. N limitation in this study also showed optimization of N utilization in the metabolic process of Nitzschia sp. N limitation is a strategy to increase the accumulation of nutrients in some microalgae, including Nitzschia sp., as observed in this study.

Utilization of Green Mussel (Perna viridis) as A Lead Metal Pollutant Adorbent in Batik Dye Waste

Savalda Rosca Pradipta — 2024-09-27

Lead (Pb) from batik dyeing waste that is thrown into the environment can pollute the environment so it needs processing before being thrown into the environment. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of green mussel shells as an adsorbent with different concentrations on reducing Pb heavy metal contamination in batik dyeing waste and to determine the optimal concentration of green mussel shells to reduce Pb heavy metal contamination in batik dyeing waste. The research method used was experimental with 4 treatments with different concentrations of green mussel shell ash as an adsorbent (0, 10, 20, and 30%). The results of the research showed that a green mussel shell ash concentration of 30% was the best concentration because it was able to reduce Pb levels in batik dyeing waste by 68.52%. Characterization of green mussel shell ash includes average pore radius (10.674 nm), total pore volume (0.005 cc/g), and surface area (0.969 m2/g).