Journal of Vocational Health Studies

Back Matter

2024-07-28T07:13:24+07:00

Back Matter Vol. 8 No. 1 2024

CORRELATION BETWEEN SGOT AND SGPT LEVELS WITH POSITIVE HBsAg LEVELS

2023-03-28T11:04:05+07:00

Background: Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetate Transaminase (SGOT) and Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase (SGPT) are transaminase enzymes used to determine liver damage. The increase in both enzymes can indicate the level of liver cell damage. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is an antigen that can indicate an acute infection or a chronic carrier. Purpose: This study aims to determine the correlation between SGOT and SGPT levels with positive HBsAg levels. Method: It is a cross-sectional study using medical records from patients with positive HBsAg who performed SGOT and SGPT examinations at the Haji Public Hospital, East Java Province, in 2021. The correlation analysis used in this study is Kendall's tau correlation because the data contains outliers and is not normally distributed. Result: Based on the results, it is known that there is no significant correlation between SGOT and SGPT levels with positive HBsAg levels. The correlation coefficient for each is 0.110 and 0.144. Conclusion: It can happen because HBsAg levels vary between the disease's different phases, the patient's characteristics, and the levels of SGOT and SGPT.

FLIGHT HOURS AND BMI AGAINST TUC IN HYPOBARIC CHAMBER ALTITUDE 25.000 FEET

2023-07-26T14:35:34+07:00

Background: Time of Useful Consciousness (TUC) is the time interval a person can survive carrying out flight duties due to a decrease in oxygen pressure and the point at which there is a decrease in the level of consciousness. The TUC time interval is influenced by various factors including Body Mass Index (BMI) and flying hours which affect the increase in the duration of the body's exposure to hypoxic conditions in pilots. Purpose: This research was conducted to determine the relationship between total flight hours and BMI on TUC. Method: This research employed observational analytic research with a cross-sectional method. Sampling was taken by simple random sampling technique. The sample for this research included active flight crew members from Lakespra dr. Saryanto 202 who met the inclusion criteria. Result: There were 53 research subjects, with the results showing that 48 subjects (90.6%) had a TUC <4 minutes, and 5 subjects had a TUC >4 minutes. There were 47 subjects (88.7%) with total flight hours >1000 hours and 6 subjects (11.3%) with total flight hours <1000 hours. In BMI, 37 subjects (69.8%) had an overweight BMI, and 16 subjects (30.2%) had a normal BMI. Conclusion: After examining 53 subjects, it was found that there was no relationship between total flight hours and TUC (p-value = 1.000) or BMI and TUC( p-value = 0.307) in the hypobaric chamber at an altitude of 25.000 feet.

HISTOMORPHOLOGICAL ENHANCEMENT OF THE VAGINAL WALL IN DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE-TREATED POST-OVARIECTOMIZED WISTAR RATS

2023-07-26T14:17:54+07:00

Background: Vaginal atrophy has occurred in three quarters of post-menopausal women. The exclusive source of post-menopausal sex hormones is dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). Purpose: Observe the impact of orally administered DHEA in the vagina of a rat (Rattus norvegicus) post- bilateral ovariectomy. Method: This experiment utilized 36 wistar rats aged 10 - 12 weeks with a body weight of 180 - 200 grams. The rats were randomly divided into two groups with an equal number of members. The control group was orally administered glycerin via gavage at a dose of 1 mL per day, while the treatment group received 7.2 mg of DHEA dissolved in glycerin, also administered orally via gavage at a daily dose of up to 1 mL. Both groups were maintained for 42 consecutive days. Finally, a histomorphology examination was conducted on the vaginal tissues of the sacrificed rats. Result: The mean of epithelial and smooth muscle thickness of the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group (p-value < 0.05). Besides, the number of blood vessels were also significantly higher in the treated group (p-value < 0.05). Conclusion: Administering DHEA orally via gavage enhances epithelial and smooth muscle tissue thickness, and augments the number of blood vessels in the vagina of wistar rats after bilateral ovariectomy.

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF TIME ECHO VARIATIONS IN THE METABOLITE VALUES MR BRAIN SPECTROSCOPY

2023-07-25T11:46:12+07:00

Background: MR spectroscopy is an additional sequence to evaluate lesion characteristics in the brain. Time Echo (TE) is crucial for analyzing MR spectroscopy metabolite. Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the best TE variations during MR spectroscopy examinations in brain lesions. Method: This research is an experimental quantitative study. Researchers used five samples focusing on the results of head multi-voxel spectroscopy charts with clinical lesions or masses that had been taken twice using TE 35 and TE 144. At each TE in each sample, three voxel areas were measured, namely normal, perilesional, and lesion. Each spectroscopy data result is processed individually through READY View software, automatically producing a spectroscopy graph pattern. The required data in this study is the value of each head spectroscopy metabolism: N-Acetyl Aspartate (NAA), Choline (Cho), Creatine (Cr), Myo-Inositol (MI), Lipids Lactate (LL). All statistical tests used the SPSS v.26 application. Result: Based on Paired T test results, NAA, Cho, Cr, and MI metabolites have p-values that account for 0.779 > 0.05; 0.179 > 0.05; 0.581 > 0.05; and 0.057 > 0.05. Based on the Wilcoxon Sign Rank test, the LL metabolite showed a p-value of 0.460 > 0.05. Conclusion: There is no significant difference between TE 35 ms and TE 144 ms during MR spectroscopy examinations.

CORRELATIONS OF SHIFT WORK 2-2-2(2) ROTATION ON SLEEP QUALITY AND FATIGUE OF NURSES IBNU SINA GRESIK GENERAL HOSPITAL

2023-07-27T12:06:12+07:00

Background: Working as a nurse in a hospital required to work with a shift system. Working with the shift system (morning, afternoon, and night) can affect the circadian rhythm, which has the potential to cause sleep disturbances and fatigue. Purpose: This research aims to analyze the influence of shift work rotation 2-2-2(2) on sleep quality and fatigue in nurses with shift work systems in inpatient rooms at General Hospital Ibnu Sina Gresik. Method: This research was an observational analytics study with a cross-sectional design. The total sample was 80 nurses in an inpatient care unit with a shift work system chosen through purposive sampling techniques. The Subjective Self-Rating Test (SSRT) issued by the Industrial Fatigue Research Committee (IFRC) questionnaire was used for the measurement of fatigue, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaire (PSQI) was used for the assessment of sleep quality. Univariate and bivariate analyses were done with a Chi-square statistical test. Result: The study showed that most respondents had good sleep quality (87.5%), and most had low tiredness (71.2%). The Chi-square test results obtained a p-value of 0.224 > 0.05 and a p-value of 0.108 > 0.05, meaning there were no correlations between shift work and sleep quality and fatigue. Conclusion: Shift work had no relationship with sleep quality and fatigue. Appropriate shift work arrangements can contribute to reducing the negative impact of shift work.

OPTIMIZATION OF CONCENTRATION AND SOAKING TIME OF HARRIS HEMATOXYLIN IN DNA BAND EXAMINATION USING ELECTROPHORESIS

2023-09-06T13:01:32+07:00

Background: Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecules can be effectively visualized when stained and observed under ultraviolet light during the electrophoresis process. The commonly used dye Ethidium bromide (EtBr) is considered hazardous due to its potential to cause mutations, cancer, and congenital disabilities. Various alternative dyes have been reported, one of which is hematoxylin. Hematoxylin compounds do not have mutagenic potential and are easier to apply than EtBr. However, there is no optimal variation in concentration and duration of staining for clear and effective visualization of DNA bands. Purpose: To find the concentration and staining time of harris hematoxylin staining for DNA bands from agarose gel electrophoresis. Method: An experimental method with a group comparison statistical design. The amplified DNA I6S rRNA gene from Escherichia coli (584 bp), which had undergone electrophoresis, was stained using harris hematoxylin dye at 0.01%; 0.02%; 0.03%; 0.04%; and 0.05% concentrations and immersion times soaking times of 10, 15, 20, and 30 minutes variations. The intensity of the DNA bands was analyzed using ImageJ. The staining power of the experimental groups was compared to the intensity of control dye and given a grading score of 1 - 4. The experiment was repeated twice, and the mean grading score was calculated. The highest mean value was considered the most optimal value. Result: A concentration of 0.02% showed relatively constant staining intensity for each soaking time. A mean value of 3.5 was obtained for a 0.01% concentration for 15 minutes. A 0.03% and 0.04% concentrations for 20 minutes. Conclusion: The highest mean value of 4 was obtained for Harris hematoxylin at 0.05% for 15 minutes.

IDENTIFICATION OF MICROFILARIAE USING CONVENTIONAL POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION AND QPCR-HRM

2023-09-20T08:55:39+07:00

Background: The presence of filarial worms in the lymph nodes can result in acute symptoms, such as inflammation of the lymph nodes and ducts, particularly in the groin region. As part of the life cycle of filariasis, symptomatic or asymptomatic patients with microfilariae in their blood can transmit the disease via mosquito bites. The inspection of microfilariae that is currently being developed uses Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) to carry out a unique DNA search technique. Purpose: Identify the type of microfilaria present in filariasis patients using Quantitative PCR High- Resolution Melting (qPCR-HRM) and conventional PCR techniques. Method: This study involved the examination of 19 samples using the qPCR-HRM method. Subsequently, the results that were considered positive for microfilaria underwent further testing using conventional PCR. Result: The results of the examination using these two methods revealed the presence of Brugia malayi and Wuchereria bancrofti microfilariae with peak melting temperatures ranging from 78.2 – 78.7 °C and 80.8 – 81.2 °C, and fragment sizes of 199 bp and 227 bp, respectively. Conclusion: Based on the results of the identification from these two methods, it is evident that microfilariae of Brugia malayi and Wuchereria bancrofti can be detected using both conventional and qPCR-HRM methods.

ORAL HEALTH LITERACY OF CADRES ON MATERNAL ORAL HEALTH BEFORE AND DURING PREGNANCY

2023-10-23T08:23:05+07:00

Background: Dental health problems frequently encountered in pregnant women, which require immediate treatment, include gingivitis gravidarum, periodontitis, epulis gravidarum, and caries. One of the prevention efforts for these disorders is to provide assistance to mothers before and during pregnancy. This assistance can be done by empowering health cadres. It is necessary to have community empowerment cadres in the health sector. Purpose: This study aims to determine the influence of oral health literacy of cadres in delivering information on maternal oral health efforts before and during pregnancy. Method: This study employed a quasi-experimental research design. The total of samples taken in this research was 70 people. The sampling method used a purposive sampling technique. The research sample was divided into two groups, namely the control group and the treatment group. Both groups were given a pre-test. Following the pre-test, the treatment group received cadre training. Both groups were then asked to complete a post-test at the end. Data were collected using the questionnaire. Result: The p-value was 0.000 < 0.05, indicating a significant difference in the mean oral health literacy values between the treatment group and the control group. Conclusion: There is a significant difference in the value of oral health literacy and maternal dental health efforts before and during pregnancy.

Front Matter

2024-07-28T07:10:06+07:00

Front Matter Vol. 8 No. 1 2024

OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY PRACTICES IN THE WORKPLACE DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: A LITERATURE REVIEW

2023-10-18T13:12:34+07:00

Background: The Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, which has impacted the world of work, has necessitated work organizations to prevent transmission and enhance workers’ performance. Purpose: To find out the implementation of occupational health and safety management during the COVID-19 pandemic across various corporate sectors. Review: It was conducted by answering research questions related to the management of safety and health practices in the workplace during the COVID-19 pandemic. The process involved formulating problem questions based on the PICOS framework. After filtering and adjusting the research variables, 21 articles were analyzed, consisting 12 articles from the ProQuest database and 9 articles from the ScienceDirect database. Result: Various innovations have been made by companies so that the implementation of Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) management, especially health protocols in dealing with COVID-19, can run optimally. Among them is an increasing number of training sessions for workers on health protocols and awareness, redesigning workplaces according to standards, using smart technology to detect social distancing violations, and improving dialogic communication. Such improvements have been proven to increase communal relations between workers and management, thereby increasing active worker participation in establishing a safe working culture within the workplace. Conclusion: The OHS management implemented by the company may change based on workplace COVID-19 prevention regulations.

INHIBITION OF METHICILLIN-RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS (MRSA) BIOFILM: THE ESSENTIAL ROLE AND POTENTIAL USAGE OF BACTERIOCINS

2024-01-16T10:32:24+07:00

Background: The potential of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) to develop biofilms and its resistance to antibiotics become major worldwide issue. Complementary anti-microbial strategies have been used recently, in particular for the treatment of MRSA biofilm-associated resistance. Purpose: To review the potential, essential role, and mechanism of bacteriocin that can inhibit MRSA biofilms. The review was conducted by searching and analyzing published articles from Elsevier, ProQuest and PubMed database. Review: Globally, the incidence of MRSA in 85 countries based on WHO surveillance reaches more than 20%. Biofilm, as one of the virulence factors of MRSA, can result in the failure of antibiotic therapy. According to reports, bacteriocins, such as peptides synthesized by Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, have antimicrobial activity that has the potential to inhibit antibiotic-resistant pathogens and biofilms formed by MRSA. Result: The bacteriostatic and bactericidal activity of bacteriocins against MRSA has been shown through research across several countries on the usage of bacteriocins, which was isolated from different types of bacteria against MRSA biofilms. Bacteriocins contribute to the inhibition of MRSA biofilms by inhibiting the synthesis of cell walls, leading to pores in the cytoplasmic membranes of bacterial cells, interrupting the synthesis of extracellular membranes, disrupting cell membranes, and reducing the number of planktonic cells within MRSA biofilms. Conclusion: Bacteriocins have an effective mechanism for treating MRSA biofilms with low toxicity and risk of resistance, hence they are safe to be developed as complementary components to antibiotics in an effort to treat MRSA biofilms.