Virus Detection of Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) at Fish Quarantine Center, Quality Control, and Security of Fishery Product in Surabaya I
Downloads
Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) is one of the leading fisheries commodities that have important economic value and are in great demand by consumers in the market. Pacific white shrimp has several advantages, namely rapid growth, able to adapt to a high range of salinity, and can be cultured with a super intensive system, but in recent years the total shrimp production in Indonesia has decreased. In 2012 the total shrimp production decreased from 1.900 tons to 1.025 tons, the virus is thought to be a pathogen that triggers disease in shrimp and causes high mortality. The type of virus that causes disease in pacific white shrimp cultivation is Taura Syndrome Virus (TSV), Infectious Myonecrosis Virus (IMNV), and White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV). The purpose of this study is to detect viruses that infected and determine the prevalence of viruses that attack pacific white shrimp. The research was conducted in December 2018 to January 2019 at Fish Quarantine Center, Quality Control and Security of Fishery Product Surabaya I. The material used in the study was 37 post larval samples. Samples extracted using Silica Extraction Kit, then detected molecularly using PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction). This research was observational, then the data obtained were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that there were 3 positive samples of IMNV and 2 positive samples of WSSV with prevalence values of 8.10% and 5.40%. High and low prevalence values are influenced by the level of virus spread and inappropriate environmental conditions.
Keywords : Pacific white shrimp, PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction), prevalence, virus.
Arafani, L., M. Ghazali dan M. Ali. 2016. Pelacakan Virus Bercak Putih pada Udang Vaname (Litopenaeus Vannamei) di Lombok dengan Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction. Jurnal Veteriner, 17 (1): 88-95.
Balai Budidaya Laut Lampung. 2011. Pengelolaan Kesehatan Ikan Budidaya Laut. Direktorat Jenderal Perikanan Budidaya, Departemen Kelautan dan Perikanan Jakarta.
Cameron, A. 2002. Survey Toolbox fo Aquatic Animal Diseases. Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research. Canberra. 373
Elovaara EK. 2001. Shrimp Farming Manual: Practical Technology For Intensive Shrimp Production. British West Indies: Carribean Press Ltd.
Fatimah, Urnemi, A. Z. Mustopa, dan H. Syahrumsyah. 2010. Aplikasi Marka Molekuler Pada Buah dan Biji Kopi Asal Kalimantan Timur. Berita Biologi. 13 (1).
Fitriatin E., dan Abdul M. 2015. Pemeriksaan Viral Nervous Necrosis (VNN) pada Ikan dengan Metode Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan, 7 (2) : 149-152.
Haliman R W, Adijaya DS. 2006. Udang Vaname. Penebar Swadaya. Jakarta
Koesharyani, I., L. Gardenia, dan H. Supriyadi. 2012. Multi Infeksi pada Udang Litopenaeus vannamei : Diagnosis Dengan Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) dan Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). Jurnal Riset Akuakultur, 7 (1) : 73-84
Lightner, D. V. 1996. A Hand Book of Shrimp Pathology and Diagnostic Procedures for Disease of Culture Penaeid Shrimp Asia. World Aquaculture Society, Baton Rouge, L.A. USA.
Office International des Epizooties (OIE). 2003. Manual of Diagnostic Tests for Aquatik Animal. 4th Edition. Office International Des Epizooties. France. 285-297.
Office International des Epizooties. 2012. Manual of Diagnostic Tests for Aquatic Animals. 4thed. OIDE. France. 554 p.
Sarjito, M.U. dan Desrina. 2016. Pengaruh Salinitas Terhadap Infeksi Infectious myonecrosis virus (IMNV) pada Udang Vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei). Journal of Aquaculture Management and Technology, 5 (1) : 77.
Senapin, S., K. Phewsaiya, M. Briggs and T.W. Flegel. 2007. Outbreaks of IMNV (Infectious Myonecrosis Virus) in Indonesia Confirmed by Genome Sequencing and Use of an Alternative RT-PCR Detection Method. Aquaculture, 266 (4) : 32-38.
Tang, K. F. J., C. R. Pantoja, R. M. Redman, and D. V. Lightner. 2007. Development of in Situ Hybridization and RT PCR Assay fo the Detection of a Nodavirus that Cuses Mucle Necrosis in Litopenaeus vannamei. Dis Aquat, 75: 183-190.
Uma, A., A. Koteeswaran, I. Karunasagar and I. Karunasagar. 2005. Prevalence of White Spot Syndrome Virus and Monodon Baculovirus In Penaeus Monodon Broodstock and Postlarvae from Hatcheries in Southeast Coast of India. Current Science, 89: 1619-1622.
