Journal of Parasite Science

Prevalence and Pathological Lesions of Dermatophytosis in Cats (Felis catus) at the Animal Health Center in Cimahi: August-September 2023

2024-09-04T10:53:40+07:00

Dermatophytosis is a zoonotic fungal infection affecting the superficial skin layer. characterized by circular lesions commonly referred to as "ringworm." This condition has been recorded as the most frequently occurring ailment at the Animal Health Center in Cimahi. This study aims to determine the prevalence and characteristics of dermatophytosis lesions in cats at the Animal Health Center in Cimahi during the period of August-September 2023. Samples were collected based on physical examinations and supporting diagnostics. such as Wood's lamp inspection. on animals suspected of having dermatophytosis. The results revealed that the prevalence of dermatophytosis in cats during the specified period was 10.5%. with 91 cases out of 864 patients. The most common lesions observed included epidermal collars with scales. crusts. erythema. hyperpigmentation. and alopecia. totaling 613 lesions from 91 patients. The highest number of lesions was found in the dorsal body region. with a total of 115 lesions. Predisposing factors such as age. sex. and breed indicated that dermatophytosis was most prevalent in cats aged less than 6 months (38 cats. 41.7%). female cats (46 cats. 50.5%). and domestic breed cats (40 cats. 43.9%). This study contributes valuable epidemiological data on dermatophytosis in animals in Indonesia.

Potential Anthelmintic Activity of Pineapple Fruit (Ananas comosus) and Mango Leaves Juice (Mango foliorum) against Ascaridia galli Worms In-Vitro Model

2024-12-19T10:15:14+07:00

Ascaridia galli is a worm that infects the chickens' digestive tract, leading to various problems such as worsening feed efficiency, slowing poultry growth, and increasing mortality. Mango leaves and pineapple fruit were reported to have anthelmintic activity against A. galli. These two plants contain secondary metabolites that were suggested to have synergistic effects. This study aimed to determine the potential activity of combining arumanis mango leaf and pineapple juice against A. galli and evaluate their interaction based on anthelmintic activity profile. The activity of 40% pineapple fruit juice (PA) added with different concentrations of arumanis mango leaf juice (AM) from 0.13%, 0.26%, and 0.52% v/v, and pineapple fruit juice at concentrations 20, 40% v/v were mixed with 0.26% arumanis mango leaf juice. as well as NaCl 0,9% as negative control and pyrantel pamoate 0.2; 0.4; 0.8 % b/v as a positive control respectively were determined. Observation on worm mortality was conducted in 15-minute intervals for 300 minutes. The time-a cumulative mortality rate of worm curve exposed to PA 40 % was shifted to the left in the presence of AM, and AM 0.26 % curve in the presence of PA. The best, LC₅₀, LT₅₀, and L₁₀₀ were found in AM 0.52 % combined with PA 40%. This finding showed the potential activity of pineapple fruit juice at 40% combined with arumanis mango leaf juice at 0.52 % as the best combination in which anthelmintic activity occurs due to synergism interaction between arumanis mango leaf juice and pineapple fruit juice.

Efficacy of Ethanol Extract of Papaya Leaves (Carica papaya var California L.) on Mortality of Instar III Larvae of Aedes aegypti Mosquito

2025-02-17T14:32:17+07:00

This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of Papaya var California leaves extract and identify its effective concentration in inducing mortality among third-instar larvae of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. The study utilized adult Ae. aegypti mosquitoes as the experimental subjects. This study was an experimental study with a comparative Completely Randomized Design The test groups include negative control, 2.5 mg/mL, 5 mg/mL, 10 mg/mL and positive control. Each test used 20 third instar larvae of Ae.aegypti mosquitoes, with four repeats.. The test groups were 2.5 mg/mL, 5 mg/mL, 10 mg/mL, and the control groups were A negative control contained distilled water and Tween 20, and a positive control contained abate (temephos) Based on Kruskall-wallis test shows a significant difference. The results indicated that the optimal concentration was 10 mg/mL, with the highest effectiveness observed at the 30th time hours.

Repellent Power of Kuit Lime Peel Ethanol Extract (Citrus amblycarpa L.) Against Aedes aegypti Mosquitoes

2025-02-17T14:06:02+07:00

This research investigated the capability of the kuit lime peel ethanol extract as a repellent against Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. This study used the post test only control group design approach and the experimental method recommended by the World Health Organization Pesticides Evaluation Scheme (WHOPES) with modification. This study used seven different experiment groups consisting of a negative control group using a mixture of Tween 20 and aquadest, a positive control group using commercial mosquito repellent (Autan^®), and concentration groups using 5%, 15%, 30%, 45%, and 60% (m/v) of the kuit lime peel ethanol extract. Each experiment groups were applied on a volunteer’s arms that are then inserted in a testing cage containing 25 female adult Ae. aegypti mosquitoes. Every mosquito that landed on the arm testing area will be calculated during the examination time (every 2 min for 30 min) to determine the repellent protection power percentage. Based on the result of the study using Two-Way Analysis of Variance and Duncan’s Multiple Range Test, the kuit lime peel ethanol extract is confirmed to be the most effective as a repellent against Ae. aegypti mosquitoes at the 30% concentration and until the 29^th minute post-application with a 100% protection power.

Prevalence of Hymenolepis nana in wild rats in Surabaya City, East Java

2025-02-23T14:11:37+07:00

Hymenolepiasis is one of the neglected zoonotic diseases in humans, caused by the cestodes Hymenolepis nana and Hymenolepis diminuta. Its definitive hosts are rodents (mostly rats). This study aims to identify the morphology both microscopically and macroscopically. This research is a laboratory exploratory research and the sampling method uses purposive sampling technique. The samples used in this study amounted to 100 samples of wild rats that had been trapped and then necropsied, worms obtained from the digestive tract were stained with dark red stain and observed with a microscope. The results showed that microscopic morphological examination showed that the anterior part of the H. nana worm had hooks and crowns. The overall prevalence of H. nana worms was found to be 18% (18/100). The prevalence of H. nana in wild rats in Surabaya City in Rattus tanezumi was 16% (12/77). Rattus novergicus in Surabaya area with positive samples was 26% (6/23). Morphology in H. nana worms has a distinctive difference. The anterior part of H. nana has hooks that surround the rostellum, the anterior part has a ‘crown of hooks’.

Identification of Endoparasite in Feces of Cats (Felis catus) at APB Antasari Samarinda Clinic Using The Floating Method

2025-08-04T10:18:58+07:00

Parasites are organisms that rely on a host for survival and can be classified into ectoparasites, which live on the body surface, and endoparasites, which inhabit the internal organs. Transmission of gastrointestinal parasites in cats (Felis catus) occurs via eggs, cysts, or infective larvae present in contaminated soil, water, food, or feces. This study aimed to identify endoparasites in cat feces collected from the APB Antasari Samarinda Clinic using the floating method. Out of six fecal samples examined, two samples (33.3%) tested positive for endoparasitic infection: Ancylostoma spp. in Ciko and Toxocara spp. in Jamal. These results indicate that gastrointestinal parasites remain a significant health concern in domestic cats and may pose zoonotic risks to humans. The findings underscore the importance of routine deworming, proper hygiene management, and regular health monitoring of cats. Future research should increase sample size, employ molecular techniques for precise species identification, and explore environmental or seasonal factors influencing infection dynamics to better inform parasite control strategies.

Antimalarial Activity of n-Hexane, n-Butanol Fractions of Spilanthes filicaulis in Swiss Mice Infected with Plasmodium berghei

2025-06-02T15:23:02+07:00

Malaria, a serious disease that can be fatal if left untreated, is caused by Plasmodium parasites. Malaria poses a significant life threat due to growing parasite resistance to drugs and the prohibitive cost of treatment, particularly in high-prevalence African countries. The prospect offered by the exploration of botanicals as alternatives necessitated this study to examine the antimalarial activities of the n-hexane fraction of Spilanthes filicaulis (HFSF) and its butanol fraction (BFSF) on Plasmodium berghei-infected mice. Swiss mice of both genders were infused with a chloroquine-sensitive P. berghei (NK-65) strain intraperitoneally. Antimalarial activity (in vivo) of S. filicaulis fractions was evaluated against early and established infection employing 4-day suppressive and curative antimalarial models at 250, 500 and 750 mg/kg dose levels respectively. Rectal temperature (RT), packed cell volume (PCV), body weight (BW), parasitemia level and mean survival time (MST) were variables determined. Findings herein demonstrated marked prevention of BW, RT, and PCV reduction at the treated doses relative to the untreated controls. Moreover, both fractions significantly suppressed parasitemia dose-dependently. The highest antimalarial chemosuppression was demonstrated by the HFSF producing 60.59%, 69.29% and 71.17% inhibition in the 4-day suppression and the BFSF yielded 45.44%, 43.96% and 47.97% chemosuppression in the curative, at the treated doses respectively. Similarly, the fractions delayed the mean survival duration of treated infected mice relative to the untreated group. Therefore, the results herein suggest that both fractions demonstrate dose-dependent and statistically significant suppression of parasitemia and improved clinical parameters in mice infected with P.berghei against murine malaria.