Media Gizi Kesmas

Qualitative Study of Consumption Patterns in Chronic Energy Deficiency Pregnant Women in Batuputih Laok Village

2024-06-05T12:50:22+07:00

Background: hronic Energy Deficiency (CED) is a nutritional problem that often occurs in pregnant women due to chronic energy deficiency over a long period of time. Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) in developing countries is the cumulative result of a state of malnutrition since the fetal period, infancy, and childhood that can continue into adulthood. Pregnant women with CED are at risk of giving birth to babies with low birth weight (LBW).

Objective: This study aims to analyze the causes of Chronic Energy Deficiency (CHD) in pregnant women in Batuputih Laok Village.

Method: This research method is qualitative with a descriptive research design through a phenomenological approach. The research subjects ware taken purposively. The research subjects ware pregnant woman with anemia in Batuputih Laok Village as key informants with a total of 6 people.

Results: Informants have an age range of 20-29 years with elementary, high school, and D3 education. All informants had anemia and LILA <23.5 cm so they were classified as SEVERE. In addition, the results of the in-depth interview showed that pregnant women did not want to consume foods with balanced nutrition during their pregnancy. In addition, pregnant women did not consume fish and other proteins because they did not like the fishy smell and there were restrictions on fish consumption. Some informants sometimes only eat one meal a day even though they are pregnant. Informants did not take Fe because they did not like taking medicine, and there were informants who did not take Fe during their five-month pregnancy due to nausea.

Conclusion: CED in pregnant women is caused by consumption patterns that do not want to consume high-protein foods, the existence of taboos from parents, food menus that are not diverse, food portions that are less than calorie needs, lack of meal frequency, and not taking Fe. Therefore, there is a need for counseling and nutritional counseling for pregnant women to increase knowledge about the importance of balanced nutrition for pregnant women and to correct misconceptions about food abstinence.

The Correlation between Mother’s Age, Mother’s Occupation, and Family Income with the First Time Complementary Feeding at Integrated Services Post Bugel Salatiga City

2024-04-27T16:22:46+07:00

Background: Complementary feeding at six months old has an important role in the nutritional adequacy infants. Complementary feeding last than six months and more than six months had the same risk for lack of nutrition cases. Characteristics of mothers like mother’s age, mother’s work status, and family income can influence the first time complementary feeding.

Objectives: This study aims to analyzed correlations between mother’s age, mother’s work status, and family income with first time complementary feeding.

Methods: This research was an observational with cross-sectional method. Population of the study was 176 toddlers with total sample 69 toddlers and their mother became the respondents. The instrument that used in this research were interview and questionnaire. For knowing the correlation, this research using Chi-Square test.

Results: Based on the results of the study, most of the respondents were in the adult age group (26-45 years) as many as 63 respondents (91.3%), the non-working group were 57 respondents (82.6%), and the income group was IDR 2,000,001 – IDR 4,200,000 as many as 36 respondents (52.1%). From the results of Chi-Square test, there was negative correlations between mother’s age (p=0.571) and family income (p=0.672) with first time complementary feeding but positive correlations between mother’s work status with first time complementary feeding (p=0.001).

Conclusions: There were no correlations between mother’s age and family income with first time complementary feeding. There was a correlation between mother’s work status with first time complementary feeding. However the more time mother could spent, the more first-time complementary feeding would exact time.

Relationship between Household Food Security with Gestational Weight Gain

2024-06-05T12:52:00+07:00

Background: Gestational weight gain (GWG) is one of the predictors associated with birth outcomes. Excessive Gestational Weight Gain (EGWG) associated with post-pregnancy obesity nutritional status in the long term. GWG related by various factors, one of which is household food security status.

Objectives: The study aimed to analyze the relationship between food security and GWG.

Methods: This study used a case-control study design with 54 pregnant women who were divided into a case group (27 respondents with EGWG) and a control group (27 respondents with normal GWG). Pregnant women were interviewed using a general questionnaire and Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES) questionnaire for household food security status. The chi square and the odds ratio test were carried out to assess the relationship between the independent variables, food security and GWG

Results: The results showed that one of the indicators of individual characteristics, pre-pregnancy Body Mass Index (BMI), had a relationship with GWG (p=0.029; OR = 4.038; 95% CI: 1.295-12.585). One indicator of socio-economic characteristics, employment status also had a significant relationship with GWG (p=0.029; OR = 4.156; 95% CI: 1.312-13.169). Food security status was found not to be associated with GWG (p=0.743).

Conclusions: Efforts to prevent EGWG in this population can focus on early identification, pre-pregnancy BMI and other risk factors such as employment status. Another aspect studied, food security, was found to have no relationship with GWG.

Implementation of Standardized Nutrition Care Process Providing Diabetes Mellitus Diet, Low Purine, and Low Fat to Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Suspected Cerebrovascular Accident: A Case Report

2024-04-27T16:45:14+07:00

Background: Patients with type two diabetes mellitus and suspected cerebrovascular accident accompanied by hemiparesis require proper nutritional care to speed up the healing process. The nutritional care provided is a diabetes mellitus diet, low in purines and low in fat in order to keep blood glucose levels close to normal by maintaining a balanced diet and regulating food intake, as well as reducing fat levels to near normal by controlling cholesterol intake.

Objectives Analyzing the Standardized Nutrition Care Process carried out on type two diabetes melitus and susp cerebrovascular accident patients hospitalized at X hospital.

Methods: This clinical nutrition care rotation study used a descriptive research type with a case study design. The case study was conducted in September 2022 for inpatients at X Hospital in Surabaya.

Results: Patients were given a cardiovascular diabetes mellitus diet with low purines and low fat and an energy requirement of 1755 kcal, 65.81 g of protein, 307.125 g of carbohydrates, and 29.25 g of fat. soft food form. After three days of monitoring, the results of the presentation of the portion of the meal increased in the food that had been served: the patient ate more than 75% of the food (remaining 25%). Patients do not eat food from outside the hospital.

Conclusions: Some nutrients from the patient's food intake have reached 90–110% of the requirement. This is because the patient has no problems eating and, before hospital admission, already had a good appetite. The advice given is that it is better to be able to maintain restrictions on intake of sugar, salt, and fat and apply the 3J pattern, namely the right type, right amount, and right schedule. Apart from that, do light exercise to train muscles and body movements, such as stretching your hands as well as during discharge from the hospital, you can continue to change your diet according to recommendations (foods to avoid or limit) during hospitalization.

Coconut Flour as Substitute in Noodle Formulation to Increase the Fiber Content

2024-04-27T16:54:50+07:00

Background: Non-communicable diseases can be prevented with dietary modifications, but major dietary changes are difficult for most people. One alternative that can be done is to add important nutrients in the form of a familiar diet menu, such as noodles. One of the nutrients that can help is fiber. One of the sources of fiber in Indonesia is coconut flour, which is a by-product of coconut oil and coconut milk.

Objectives: This study aims to determine the effect of coconut flour substitution on the acceptability of noodles and the fiber content of substituted noodles.

Methods: This study used a factorial design with Completely Randomized Design. The study was conducted with 30 untrained adult as panelists. Acceptability was measured by a preference test on 3 formulas consisting of a control formula without coconut flour substitution (F0), a substitution formula with a ratio of wheat flour to coconut flour 85%:15% (F1), a formula with a ratio of wheat flour to coconut flour 80% :20% (F2).

Results: The substitution of wheat flour with coconut flour in noodles F1 and F2 percent increased the fiber composition in noodles from 1.99g/100g to 5.98g/100g and 7.31g/100g. Substitution did not have a significant effect on the parameters of taste and aroma, but it did affect the decrease in the panelists' preference for the parameters of the color and elasticity of the noodles.

Conclusions: The conclusion obtained is that the substitution of coconut flour in noodles increases the fiber content in the substituted noodle formula and decreases the acceptability in terms of the elasticity and color of the substituted noodles. F1 formula appears to be the best formula, which has the highest acceptability among substitution formula

The Relationship Between Packaged Coffee Consumption, Nutritional Consumption Level, and Sleep Quality with Body Fat Percentage in College Students

2023-07-07T16:50:34+07:00

Background: College students are one of the age groups whose nutritional status is important. The percent body fat in a person can be one of the markers that someone is obese or not. The increase in percent body fat mass in students is influenced by several factors, including excessive daily energy intake with the habit of consuming packaged coffee, and poor sleep quality.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between packaged coffee consumption, nutritional consumption level, and sleep quality with percent body fat in undergraduate students of the Airlangga University Nutrition Study Program.

Methods: This research is a type of analytic observational research using a case-control research design. The sample size used in the study was 52 undergraduate students of Airlangga University Nutrition Study Program, female with a ratio of 26 people for the case group and 26 people for the control group. The sample was obtained using the simple random sampling method. The data that has been obtained is analyzed using a logistic regression test according to the data obtained.

Results: The results of the logistic regression test of the independent variables that have the most influence on the dependent variable are the frequency of drinking coffee, the level of fat consumption, and sleep quality. Each significance value and odd ratio generated was p = 0.006 and 0.53 for the frequency of coffee consumption, p = 0.004 and the resulting odd ratio of 11.093 for the level of fat consumption, and p = 0.006 and the odd ratio of 8.985 for sleep quality.

Conclusion: Most respondents in the obese group have a higher habit of consuming ready to drink packaged coffee, have poor sleep quality, and consume enough energy and more fat compared to the non-obese group. Overall, the most influential variables with percent body fat are frequency of coffee drinking, fat consumption level, and sleep quality.

Nutrition Education as an Effort to Increase Knowledge Relate to Stunting Prevention for Posyandu Cadres Integrated in “Desa Emas: Percepatan Penurunan Stunting” Program

2024-04-27T16:47:52+07:00

Background: One form of promotive and preventive efforts to accelerate the reduction of stunting is active role of posyandu cadres in carrying out nutrition counseling to mothers of toddlers to increase knowledge related to nutrition so as to achieve optimal public health status. Therefore, efforts are needed to increase the knowledge of posyandu cadres, one of which can be done through nutrition education.

Objective: This study aims to provide nutrition education as an effort to increase posyandu cadres' knowledge regarding stunting prevention as a form of integrated community service in the "Golden Village: Accelerating Stunting Reduction" program in 2022.

Methods: This study used the one group pre-test and post-test method. design with 13 posyandu cadres as respondents. Nutrition education is provided using interactive presentation methods and animated videos.

Results: The results of the study showed that the average posyandu cadre’s knowledge score increased from 40.77 ± 9.5 before education to 41.54 ± 12.8 after education. The results of the study were analyzed using the paired T-test showing that the average score of knowledge of cadres before (40.77 ± 9.5) and after (41.54 ± 12.8) education did not increase significantly (p-value = 0.721).

Conclusion: Nutrition education using interactive presentation methods and educational video exposure which was carried out for 60 minutes for posyandu cadres showed an increase in the level of knowledge before compared to after education. However, the increase in knowledge of posyandu cadres did not occur significantly. Thus, nutrition education using interactive presentation methods and animated videos is considered less effective in increasing the knowledge of posyandu cadres, so it is advisable to provide nutrition education using simulation techniques and practices which are carried out in stages in several meetings as an effort to increase the knowledge of posyandu cadres to get significant results.

Analysis of Substance Abuse Recovery Progress Based on Addiction Severity Index Instruments at Yayasan PLATO Rehabilitation Center

2024-04-27T17:06:46+07:00

Introduction: Substance abuse is a global public health problem that is increasingly being used by young people. Republic of Indonesia Constitution No. 35 Year 2009 mandates all drug users to get rehabilitation service access. Yayasan PLATO use Addiction Severity Index (ASI) instruments in the rehabilitation process of substance addiction. This study aimed to analyze ASI Instruments as a progress of recovering addict joined rehabilitation.

Method: The research design of this study used cross-sectional approach, with the sample was total population of 69 respondents. The study used secondary data taken from Rehabilitation Annual report of IPWL Yayasan PLATO 2021. Data of ASI assessment were analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test and The statistical significance was set at p< 0.05.

Results: The study showed that 6 domains of ASI namely medical status, work/support, substance use, legal status, family/social and psychiatric status have P value <0.05. There were significant differences before and after rehabilitation treatment,

Conclusion: Drug users joining recovery treatment at Yayasan PLATO had a good progress, problems in each domain based on ASI instruments had decrease. Family support and social environment support is needed to maintain the recovery process and prevent from relapse.

Socio-cultural Influence of Exclusive Breastfeeding and Early Complementary Feeding on the Nutritional Status of Children 6-23 Months of Age in the Working Area of Banyuanyar Health Center, Sampang Regency

2024-04-27T16:50:12+07:00

Background: Problems with children's nutritional status can arise due to factors that are interconnected with others. The main factor that causes nutritional problems in children is the lack of knowledge of the importance of adequate nutritional intake for children. Based on data from the ePPGBM East Java 2021 Health Profile, toddlers in Sampang District are undernourished with 4,646 people, stunted toddlers with 2,425 people, and thin toddlers with 1,609 people.

Objectives: Knowing the socio-cultural influence of exclusive breastfeeding and early complementary feeding on the nutritional status of children aged 6-23 months in the Banyuanyar Health Center working area, Sampang Regency.

Methods: This research uses quantitative methods and uses cross sectional studies. The number of samples to be used in this study used 100 respondents of mothers with children aged 6-23 months. Sample selection using multistage random sampling technique. The data were tested using chi square, Fisher's Exact and logistic regression tests.

Results: The results showed that there was no influence between socio-culture during pregnancy with exclusive breastfeeding (p = 0.000), postpartum socio-culture with exclusive breastfeeding (p = 0.226), socio-culture during breastfeeding with exclusive breastfeeding (p = 0.732). There was no association between socio-culture and early complementary feeding (p-value for honey=0.142, p-value for formula=0.185, p-value for banana=0.298, p-value for young coconut=0.135, p-value for tajin water=0.142, p-value for team rice=0.809, p-value for cornstarch=0.380, p-value for rice cake=0.135, p-value for instant porridge=0, 285, p-value of fruit puree=0.0.135, abstinence from too much sea fish=0.529), and there is no effect between exclusive breastfeeding on children's nutritional status (p-value of Weight-for-age index=0.182, p-value of Length for-age index=0.931, p-value of Weight-for-length index=0.717) and early complementary feeding on children's nutritional status (p-value of Weight-for-age index=0.482, p-value of Length for-age index=0.134, p-value of Weight-for-length index=0.541).

Conclusions: The conclusion of this study is that there is no socio-cultural influence on exclusive breastfeeding and early complementary feeding on nutritional status in children aged 6-23 months in the Banyuanyar Health Center working area, Sampang Regency.

The Correlation between Knowledge and Attitude towards Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Consumption among Productive Aged Women

2023-07-06T21:29:35+07:00

Background: Consumption of sweet drinks, or Sugar-Sweetened Beverages (SSB), is a common habit among people who think that SSB drinks are social drinks. The level of consumption of SSB by women of reproductive age can be influenced by their level of knowledge and attitude toward consuming SSB. If knowledge and attitude are positive towards consumption of SBB and health, then a person will know the quality and quantity of food and drink consumed. Glycemic control is needed to control blood glucose levels based on diet, which includes the type and amount of food and drinks consumed.

Objectives: This study aims to analyze the relationship between knowledge and attitudes toward the consumption of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages (SSB) among women of reproductive age in the city of Surabaya

Methods: This research is a type of quantitative descriptive research with a cross sectional research design. The research sample consisted of 125 productive-age female respondents aged 18–30 years who were taken by accidental sampling technique. The data collection consisted of the characteristics of the respondents, namely age, education, the respondents' knowledge questionnaire related to SSB consumption, the attitude questionnaire on SSB consumption, and the SQ-FFQ (Semi Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire). The collected data were analyzed by statistical analysis using the Chi-Square test to examine the relationship between the independent variables and the dependent variable with a significance level of 95% (α=0.05)

Results: The results showed that there was no significant relationship between knowledge (p=0.504) and attitude (p=0.332) and the consumption of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages (SSB).

Conclusions: Female respondents of reproductive age have good knowledge, positive attitude towards consumption of Sugary Drinks (SSB), consume low amounts of SSB (<2x per week), average total energy consumption per day, and average sugar consumption per day of SSB consumption that is in accordance with the recommendations. However, some respondents with positive knowledge and attitudes still consumed high amounts of SSB. Knowledge and attitudes are not necessarily the main factors that influence SSB consumption. The determinants of food and beverage selection can be further investigated to determine the supporting factors for SSB consumption.

Rainfall Pattern with Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Incidence Rate in Blitar Regency

2024-04-27T15:46:03+07:00

Background: Dengue fever is a vector infectious disease with Aedes Aegypti mosquito as the main vector that can be found throughout Indonesia. Dengue Fever (DBD) is a health problem that exists in the world, especially in developing countries. Geographic, climatic, and population are factors that can influence the spread of vectors causing Dengue Dengue Dengue Fever disease.

Objective: The purpose of this writing is to find out the relationship between rainfall and dengue fever (DBD) rate incidents. This research is a quantitative descriptive study by processing secondary data from year to year.

Methods: To analyze the relationship between free variables namely dengue fever incidence rate and rainfall bound variables were conducted using the Spearman correlation test with a 95 confidence level. Instruments in this study used informed consent statements of approval for the retrieval and use of data, as well as a form of recap data on dengue fever incidence, and rainfall in every sub-district in Blitar Regency.

Results: After being analyzed, it was found that for rainfall with an incident rate it has a p value of 0.432 (p> 0.05).

Conclusion: This means that there is no significant relationship between rainfall and the incidence of dengue hemorrhagic fever in Blitar Regency.

ARIMA Time Series Analysis for Predicting the Number of New Postpartum Family Planning Participants in East Java

2023-06-23T13:44:03+07:00

Background: Time series forecasting methods are still being used. Time-series analysis was used to analyze the data, considering the time factor. Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) is a time-series model that does not require a specific pattern in the data. The number of new postpartum family planning (KB) participants in East Java has both increased and decreased.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the number of new postpartum family planning (KB) participants in East Java.

Methods: This study used non-reactive research methods. The secondary data used were the number of new postpartum family planning participants in East Java between January 2017 and December 2021. The data were obtained from the BKKBN website.

Results: In this study, the ARIMA method produced the best model, namely, ARIMA (1,1,1), with an AR parameter value (1) of 0.413 and an MA parameter value (1) of 0.914. The resulting Mean Square Error (MSE) was 935,384, and the Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) was 4,671.

Conclusions: The prediction results for the number of new postpartum family planning participants in East Java by 2022 increased every month. In January, there were 14,523 participants, and in December, it increased to 15,127 participants. The family planning program will continue to increase the number of postpartum family planning users.

The Relationship between Food Security and Dietary Diversity with Stunting Incidence Under-five Aged 24-59 Months

2024-04-27T14:10:28+07:00

Background: Stunting is defined as a growth and development disorder in children caused by chronic malnutrition, repeated infections, and a lack of psychological stimulation. The long term that can occur as a result of stunting is a decrease in learning performance, productivity and work capacity. The condition of household food security and toddler food insecurity is closely related to the incidence of stunting in toddlers.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between household food security and toddler food diversity with the incidence of stunting in children aged 24-59 months.

Methods: This study used a case control design with a sample of 28 toddlers for each group (cases and controls). The research location was carried out in the working area of "‹"‹the Sambeng Health Center. The data collected included the characteristics of toddlers, parents' characteristics, household food security, and toddler food diversity through direct measurement. directly and interviews using a questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed with Chi-square and Spearman Correlation test.

Results: The results showed that most of the stunting group was food insecure with moderate hunger (53.6%) and dietary consumption was not diverse (64.3%). Statistical tests that have been carried out show that there is a significant relationship between household food security (p=0.001), dietary diversity among toddlers (p=0.016).

Conclusions: Household food security and food diversity for children under five are related to the incidence of stunting. The condition of food insecurity in the household increases the incidence of stunting in children under five.

Organoleptic Tests and Acceptance of Extract Kencur Mung Beans as Functional Foods

2023-07-07T08:11:07+07:00

Background: Mung beans contain vitamin B6, vitamin C and vitamin E that function to regulate reproductive hormones to the maximum and natural antioxidants that counter free radicals. Kencur is one of the herbal plants that grows fertile in mountainous areas and is often used as a cure, including cough, nausea, swelling, bruising, diarrhea and antitoxins. In 2017, the total production of kencur in Indonesia reached 36,655 tons. Innovation and creation are needed in processing the combination of these two food ingredients to increase the sales value because of the abundance of the production of mung beans and kencur in Indonesia. The development of processed products of mung beans and kencur is expected to be accepted by the general public because of its health benefits.

Objectives: This study aims to find out the acceptance of extract kencur mung bean products and the benefit of mung bean and kencur as healthy foods that are acceptable to consumers.

Methods: The design used in this study was a trial or experiment research. The research was carried out on 5 trained panels and 30 untrained panels who would perform organoleptic tests on one product, namely, extract kencur mung beans.

Results: According to the organoleptic test results on extract kencur mung bean, the panelists liked the taste, color, smells and texture indicators. It can be seen from the test results on the indicators of taste, color, smells, and texture that the panelist likes the preferred category. Whereas in the acceptance test using the hedonic test, the results obtained were, 10 out of 35 panelists chose very like it and 19 out of 35 panelists chose to like the product extract kencur mung bean.

Conclusion: Mung beans are acceptable and preferred by consumers in terms of taste, colour, smells, and texture.

The Relationship between Compliance in the Use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and the Impact of Cyanide Exposure in the HLO (Heap Leach Operation) Area of PT. Bumi Suksesindo

2024-04-27T21:30:52+07:00

Background: The mining sector plays a crucial role as a significant contributor to the energy supply, which is vital for economic growth. However, mining activities pose various potential hazards. Unfortunately, compliance with the usage of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) in this industry remains relatively low.

Objectives: The objective of this research is to analyze the relationship between workers' compliance in using PPE and the potential impact of cyanide exposure in the Heap Leach Operation (HLO) irrigation area of PT. Bumi Suksesindo.

Methods: This study employed a quantitative research approach using an observational analytical method and a cross-sectional design. The research population consisted of 33 workers in the irrigation section of the HLO area. Data collection is conducted through questionnaire surveys, and the obtained data are analyzed using the contingency coefficient (c) to determine the strength of the relationship between variables.

Results: The majority of workers (60.6%) were not exposed to the impact of cyanide exposure. There is a very weak correlation between compliance in using PPE and the potential impact of cyanide exposure (c = 0.141)

Conclusions: A very weak correlation exists between workers' compliance in using PPE and the potential impact of cyanide exposure in the HLO irrigation area of PT Bumi Suksesindo.

The Relationship between Eating Behavior and Sedentary Lifestyle with Overweight in Early Adolescents

2024-04-27T16:29:33+07:00

Background: Overweight is a serious public health problem than can negatively impact quality of life. Overweight adolescents at risk of weight problems as adults. Eating behavior and sedentary lifestyle are closely related to overweight in adolescents because they can affect the energy balance in the body.

Objectives: This study aims to analyze the relationship of eating behavior and sedentary lifestyle with overweight status in early adolescents.

Methods: This study used a cross sectional design with a sample size of 85 students of MTsN 5 Nganjuk. Sampling using stratified random sampling method. Data were collected directly, including data on respondent characteristics, filling out the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire, Adolescent Sedentary Activity Questionnaire, and anthropometric measurements. Data analysis was performed using the Spearman Correlation test.

Results: The majority of the respondents (56.5%) were female and in the 13–15 age group. Due to a family history of obesity, 65.9% of respondents overall had a hereditary predisposition to being overweight. The majority of respondent's eating patterns (82.4%) were external. The majority of respondents (82.4%) engaged in a lot of sedentary activities. 34.1% of respondents overall reported being overweight. The result showed that there was no significant relationship between emotional eating (p-value=0.213) and external eating (0.508) with overweight. There was a significant relationship between restraint eating (p-value=0.030) and sedentary lifestyle (p-value=0.047) with overweight.

Conclusions: Early teenage overweight status has no association with external eating behavior or emotional eating. Restricted eating habits and a sedentary lifestyle are significantly correlated with early-stage teenage overweight status. To enhance health status in the early teenage age group, it is important to increase awareness of the prevalence of overnutrition, regulate food intake by upholding healthy eating habits, and lower the level of sedentary lifestyle.

Factors Influencing the Use of Long-Acting and Permanent Contraceptive Methods in Women of Reliable Age in East Java (2017 IDHS Data)

2023-07-17T13:41:38+07:00

Background: Long-Acting and Permanent Contraceptive Methods (LAPCM) is an effective and efficient method of contraception, but women of reproductive age prefer to use short term contraceptive methods.

Objective: Analyze the factors that influence women of childbearing age in using long-term contraceptive methods in East Java in 2017

Methods: This type of research is non-reactive (unobtrusive) research, namely research for secondary data. The secondary data used is the 2017 IDHS.

Results: The results of this study indicated the variables that affected the use of long-acting and permanent contraceptive methods of women of reproductive age was age (p=0.000), education level (p=0.000), number of alive children (p=0.000), sources of family planning services (p=0.000).

Conclusion: Long-Acting and Permanent Contraceptive Methods (LPACM) most commonly used by women of childbearing age in East Java in 2017 were intrauterine devices of 38.4% then women’s surgery methods 32.3% and implants 29.3%. Factors influencing the use of Long-Acting and Permanent Contraceptive Methods in East Java Province in 2017, namely age, level of education, number of children born alive and sources of family planning services.

Providing Diabetes Mellitus Nephropathy Diet in Hyperglycemia Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Non-Obese with Anemia Suspect Acute Hepatitis: A Case Report

2024-04-27T16:02:53+07:00

Background: As many as 40% of people with diabetes mellitus type 2 have complications in the kidneys called diabetes mellitus nephropathy. Diabetes mellitus nephropathy is a degenerative disorder in the kidney vascular system that is associated with a disorder of sugar intolerance or carbohydrate metabolism. Anemia can occur in patients with kidney disorders and is exacerbated by acute hepatitis. The Standardized Nutrition Care Process (NCP) to provide proper nutrition to the patient is carried out by administering a 1300 kcal diabetes mellitus nephropathy diet.

Objectives: To know the implementation of the Nutrition Care Process by administering a 1300 kcal Diabetes Mellitus Nephropathy diet to patients.

Methods: A case study was conducted in March 2021 in patients at Bhayangkara Surabaya Hospital. Sampling has been determined in advance by the hospital nutritionist and internship guide according to the case criteria. The data collection method is carried out with observation and analysis over 3 days in the field of intake, physical/clinical, biochemical, and anthropometry. The researchers also conducted literature studies to supplement the data.

Results: Monitoring and evaluation results showed that there were fluctuating changes in laboratory, physical/clinical outcomes, and patient intake. At the patient’s energy intake increased from day to day but macronutrient fulfillment has not reached the target (<80%).

Conclusions: The patient's recovery condition was not sufficiently good, from the physical/clinical monitoring results still showed a decrease, and the results of the biochemical examination showed an increase in Hb levels in patients despite still being low, and for three days it was found that patient intake increased despite being insignificant and still not meeting the targeted daily needs.

Correlation between Type and Frequency Eating and Adequacy Energy with Incidence of Overnutrition in Students Enjoy Korean Drama (Study of Undergraduate Nutrition Students at Faculty of Public Health Universitas Airlangga)

2024-04-27T16:06:16+07:00

Background: Watching activity is one of the monotonous activities that is included in a form of sedentary lifestyle. Irregular eating patterns can be in the form of eating schedules that are not in accordance with the time and large portions of food have a role in increasing the risk of obesity.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to see the relationship between the type and frequency of eating as well as energy adequacy with the incidence of excess nutrition in female Korean drama connoisseurs in the Undergraduate Program of Nutrition, Universitas Airlangga.

Methods: The type of research used in this study was analytic observational with a case-control study design with excess nutrition as the dependent variable and type, frequency, and energy adequacy as independent variables. The number of samples used in this study were 64 female students, namely 32 female students for the case group and 32 female students for the control group. In this study, the data collected was primary data which included data on the respondents' age, weight, height, and food consumption patterns.

Results: The results of this study indicate that there is a relationship between energy adequacy and the incidence of overweight in women who enjoy Korean dramas in the Undergraduate Program of Nutrition. Meanwhile, the variables of type and frequency of eating have no relationship with the incidence of obesity in female Korean drama connoisseurs in the Undergraduate Program of Nutrition.

Conclusions: The conclusion of this study is that most of the respondents who are overweight are included in the normal energy adequacy category and most of the others are included in the excess energy adequacy category. Therefore, it is expected that respondents can participate in regular nutritional status control activities so that the nutritional status of respondents/students is more controlled.

Correlation between Knowledge and Attitudes on Arsenic Contamination among Blood Clam (Anadara granosa) Sellers at Traditional Markets in North Surabaya

2023-07-03T11:51:00+07:00

Background: Indonesia, with its vast coastline, has become a major exporter of seafood products, including clams, generating millions of dollars in revenue. However, clams are frequently associated with foodborne illnesses, due to the presence of hazardous marine pollutants like arsenic.

Objective: This research examines the connection between the knowledge and attitudes of sellers, regarding arsenic contamination in blood clams sold at traditional markets in North Surabaya.

Method: The study employed a cross-sectional method, collecting primary data through direct interviews and questionnaires from 35 blood clam sellers in North Surabaya, as well as secondary data from previous studies.

Results: The data were analyzed using the chi-square test, which indicated that there is / was no significant correlation between the sellers' knowledge and attitudes (p > 0.001).

Conclusion: Consequently, it can be concluded that there is a lack of association between the sellers' knowledge and attitudes toward arsenic contamination in blood clams sold at traditional markets in North Surabaya, as evidenced by the high attitude scores (related to healthy practices) but low knowledge scores in the questionnaire.

Effects of COVID-19 Pandemic on Maternal Healthcare Utilization in Ngawi Regency: A Time-Series Study

2023-07-11T14:53:59+07:00

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic situation has had a serious impact on the maternal group (pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum women) in Indonesia. During 2021, the maternal mortality rate in Ngawi Regency will reach 276.9 per 100,000 live births after previously it was only 84.4 per 100,000 live births. The COVID-19 pandemic has become an directly and indirectly obstacle for mothers in accessing maternal health services.

Objectives: This study aims to see whether there is an impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on differences in utilization of maternal health services in Ngawi District during May 2019 – April 2021.

Methods: A quantitative-descriptive time-series research method was performed using data from Local Area Monitoring Reports-Maternal and Child Health in Ngawi Regency during 2019-2021. The data were analyzed univariately and using an independent t-test to check if there were any differences in the number of mothers who accessed health services before and during the pandemic.

Results: There was a downward trend in the number of mothers receiving health services for each type of maternal health service in Ngawi District during May 2020 – April 2021. All types of maternal health services experienced an average decrease in the number of mothers receiving health services during the pandemic. Three of five maternal health services in this study which showed significant differences in the average number of mothers utilizing health services during the pandemic were antenatal care K4 (p = 0.001), healthcare deliveries (p = 0.045), and postpartum services (p = 0.031). Antenatal care K1 (p = 0.206) and management of obstetric complications (p = 0.131) did not show any significant differences statistically.

Conclusions: Antenatal care K4, healthcare deliveries, and postpartum services experienced significant differences in the average number of mothers who utilized maternal health services before and during pandemic. The Regional Health Office, in collaboration with all healthcare providers, should develop a specific plans and strategies to facilitate better health care for those three maternal health services, particularly in pandemic situation..

Characteristics of Students as a Risk Factor for Scabies Symptoms in Salafiyah Islamic Boarding Schools, Banyuwangi Regency

2023-07-18T12:44:36+07:00

Background: Scabies is a skin disease that is easily transmitted when in close skin contact with sufferers for a long time. This disease is often found in densely populated places, one of which is in Islamic boarding schools.

Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the risk factors associated with the characteristics of students with the incidence of scabies symptoms at the Salafiyah Islamic Boarding School, Banyuwangi Regency.

Methods: This research was an observational study with a cross-sectional design. The research population consisted of all students in the Salafiyah Islamic Boarding School, Banyuwangi totaling 191 students. The sample size was 63 students by simple random sampling. Data collection was carried out online using a google form. Data analysis using chi-square test with α = 0,05.

Results: The results showed that 42.9% of students had symptoms of scabies and found that two factors were statistically related to scabies symptoms in students, namely history of lived in other Islamic boarding schools (p=0.026) and history of preceding scabies (p=0.000). While the characteristics of age (p=0.380), gender (p=0.680), level of education (p=0.156), and length of stay in Islamic boarding schools (p=0.537) did not show a significant relationship with scabies symptoms in students.

Conclusions: The history of living in other Islamic boarding schools and the history of preceding scabies statistically showed a significant relationship to the symptoms of scabies in students at Salafiyah Islamic Boarding School in Banyuwangi.

Standardized Nutrition Care Process through Providing High-Calorie High-Protein with Allergy Diet to Bronchopneumonia Patients: A Case Report (Study at X Hospital Surabaya City)

2023-07-24T15:26:23+07:00

potential to trigger allergic reactions that can increase mucus production, a standardized nutrition care process is carried out by providing a High-Calorie High-Protein diet (HCHP) with Allergies.

Objectives: To implement a standardized nutritional care process and providing a HCHP-Allergy diet in bronchopneumonia patients.

Methods: The case study was conducted on patients who were in the inpatient room of X Surabaya Hospital in October 2022. Samples were taken from the patient's medical records that had been approved by the duty nurse and accompanied by a hospital nutritionist. The method used was observation for 3 days on the aspect of intake with 24-hour food recall and visual comstock, physical aspects by interviews, and biochemical aspects seen through medical records.

Results: After nutritional care, the patient's food intake for 3 days was still inadequate, which had not reached 90-110% of the needs, but the patient got food intake from outside the hospital, in the form of bread and milk. In addition, the patient also got interventions in the form of education related to the diet given.

Conclusion: The patient's nutritional intake was still inadequate because the patient felt bored with the menu given, so it was necessary to evaluate the hospital’s food menu with the HCHP-Allergy diet.

Relationship between Academic Stress Level with Eating Behavior in Undergraduate Students of Faculty of Public Health Airlangga University

2024-04-27T16:36:08+07:00

Background: College students are a group of individuals who belong to adolescence and young adulthood with generally poor eating habits that can be caused by various factors. Pressure in academic matters is one of the main factors of student stress, such as the desire to get high grades and student anxiety to try not to fail. Students often neglect some routines that can actually support performance in learning, one of which is eating. This kind of lifestyle is associated with poor health, which in turn affects life satisfaction. Life satisfaction of young adults is related to eating, because eating can determine health conditions.

Objective: This study aims to analyze the relationship between academic stress levels and eating behavior in undergraduate students of the Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga.

Methods: This study was a quantitative study with a cross sectional approach. The research samples was 60 people, obtained randomly by simple random sampling on Microsoft Excel. Data collection included filling out a questionnaire of respondent characteristics, academic stress levels with the Student-Life Stress Inventory, and eating behavior with the Adult Eating Behaviour Questionnaire. Data analysis used in this study was Spearman correlation test.

Results: It was found that 58.3% of students had eating behavior that tended to food avoidance and 41.7% of students have eating behavior that tended to food approach. A total of 58.3% of students experienced academic stress levels. There was a relationship between academic stress level (p = 0.001) and eating behavior.

Conclusion: The conclusion of this study is that students who have moderate levels of academic stress experience eating behaviors that tend to be food avoidance. It is recommended that students still be able to manage stress well and regulate eating behavior by choosing foods that are in accordance with the principles of balanced nutrition and not skipping breakfast or eating.

The Relationship between Education Level and Knowledge about Arsenic (As) Contamination in Blood Clam (Anadara granosa) at Traditional Market in North Surabaya

2024-04-27T21:28:40+07:00

Background: Arsenic is one of the dangerous pollutant elements. Arsenic accumulated in clams and consumed by humans with a fairly frequent frequency will result in the accumulation in the body.

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between education level and knowledge about arsenic contamination in blood clams sold in traditional markets at North Surabaya.

Methods: This type of research was a quantitative analytical observational research with a cross sectional approach method that used primary data from direct interviewed and secondary data from previous research literature studies. The sample used was 35 blood clam sellers taken randomly with simple random sampling. The dependent variable in this study is the seller's knowledge and the independent variable is the level of education of blood clam traders. The data obtained were analyzed using the chi-square test.

Results: The chi-square analysis revealed that the seller's knowledge is not significant with the seller's education level (p > 0,001).

Conclusion: In conclusion, there are no correlation between education level and knowledge about arsenic contamination in blood clams sellers at traditional markets in North Surabaya.

Analysis of the Relationship between the Physical Environment of the House and the Incidence of COVID-19 in the Sragen Kulon Village Residential Area

2023-08-04T14:53:24+07:00

Background: COVID-19 is one of the infectious diseases. Various interactions between factors can cause infectious diseases, commonly known as the epidemiological triad. The factors in the epidemiological triad include agents, hosts, and the environment. One of the villages in Sragen Sub-district affected by COVID-19 is Sragen Kulon with a population density of 6544.22/km². Sragen Kulon Urban Village is a densely populated area that is included in the coverage area of the Sragen Health Center.

Objective: This study aims to analyze the relationship between the physical environment of the house and the incidence of COVID-19 in the residential housing environment of Sragen Kulon Village, Sragen Regency in 2022.

Methods: This research method is observational analytic with cross-sectional study design. This study use a random sampling technique with a sample size of 90 people who resided and settled in the Sragen Kulon area according to predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Primary data collection using questionnaires and observation sheets. Bivariate data analysis using chi square with p<0.05.

Results: The results of bivariate analysis using chi square analysis show that physical environmental variables which correlate with the incidence of COVID-19 in Sragen Kulon Village with p<0.05 were residential density (p=0.016), ventilation (p=0.019), and humidity (p=0.003). The variable that has no correlation with the incidence of COVID-19 in Sragen Kulon Village with p>0.05 is temperature (p=0.197).

Conclusion: There is a correlation between the physical environment, such as density of occupancy, ventilation, and humidity, and the incidence of COVID-19 disease in the residential housing environment of Sragen Kulon Village.

The Relationship between Purine Consumption and Hypertension Against Recurrent Attacks of Gouty Arthritis in Patients at Puskesmas Kecamatan Krembangan in 2022

2023-07-20T18:25:02+07:00

Background: Gout arthritis is a systemic disease resulting from the deposition of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals. The prevalence of gouty arthritis in Indonesia is increasing. The general prevalence of gouty arthritis is 1-4% of the general population. In 2013 in East Java, the incidence of gouty arthritis reached 26.4%. Meanwhile in Surabaya, in 2011 the prevalence of gout arthritis touched 56.8%. Untreated gouty arthritis can result in repeated attacks on the sufferer. This can cause disruption of quality of life, disability, and even loss of work productivity.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between purine consumption and history of hypertension with repeated attacks of gouty arthritis in patients at the Puskesmas Kecamatan Krembangan.

Methods: This research was an observational study used a case-control study design, namely comparing cases from the case group and the controlled group with a ratio of 1:2. The population in this research was all sufferers of gouty arthritis who lived in the working area of the Krembangan District Public Health Center, Surabaya City, totaling 53 people. Sampling was done by purposive sampling technique. Test data analysis used the spearman test to determine the relationship between the two variables.

Results: The results of this study was shown by the p-valued in the variable purine consumption pattern which included a value of 0.026 with a r-value = 0.387 which meant there was a relationship between purine consumption patterns with repeated attacked with weak relationship strength. The p-value in the hypertension variable is 0.741 and the r-value = 0.06 which meant that there is almost no relationship between a history of hypertension and repeated attacked of gouty arthritis.

Conclusions: The consumption pattern of purines has a relationship with recurrent attacks of gouty arthritis with a weak relationship strength, while a history of hypertension has no relationship with the occurrence of recurrent attacks of gouty arthritis.

Overview of Food Services in Households at Pasir Gombong Village, North Cikarang District, Bekasi Regency

2023-07-25T10:50:29+07:00

Latar Belakang: Penyelenggaraan makanan yaitu proses memasak yang dimulai dari perencanaan menu, perencanaan kebutuhan bahan makanan, perencanaan anggaran belanja, pengadaan, penyimpanan serta penerimaan bahan makanan. Rumah tangga merupakan penyelenggaraan makanan tingkat keluarga yang paling sederhana. Berbeda dengan penyelenggaraan makanan institusi yang menerapkan standar operasional produksi (SOP) dan aturan yang berlaku, pada tingkat rumah tangga tidak terdapat hal seperti itu. Tidak ada pengawasan ketat proses pengolahan makanan pada tingkat rumah tangga, maka yang dapat mengatur yaitu ibu atau orang yang bertugas memasak di dalam rumah tersebut.

Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui gambaran penyelenggaraan makanan pada tingkat rumah tangga di Desa Pasir Gombong Kecamatan Cikarang Utara Kabupetan Bekasi.

Metode: Metode pada penelitian menggunakan desain cross-sectional study, tempat penelitian di Desa Pasir Gombong, dimulai pada bulan Oktober 2022, responden pada penelitian ini berjumlah 94 orang. Variabel yang dikumpulkan pada penelitian ini yaitu karakteristik responden, persiapan bahan makanan, pengolahan bahan makanan, penyimpanan bahan makanan, dan penyajian bahan makanan dengan menganalisis menggunakan SPSS. Analisis yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu analisis deskriptif untuk melihat gambaran penyelenggaraan makanan pada tingkat rumah tangga.

Hasil: Hasil penelitian ini yaitu, rumah tangga di Desa Pasir Gombong telah menerapkan proses penyelenggaraan makanan dengan baik. Proses persiapan bahan makanan dilakukan oleh responden dengan mempersiapkan terlebih dahulu sebelum memasak, penyimpanan bahan makanan disimpan di tempat tertutup dan memisahkan bahan kering dan segar, reponden lebih senang menumis dibandingkan menggoreng dan merebus. Penyajian makanan langsung disajikan setelah memasak dan kebisaan makan keluarga sering dilakukan terutama pada malam hari.

Kesimpulan: Penyelenggaraan pada tingkat rumah tangga terdiri dari persiapan bahan makanan, pengolahan makanan, penyimpanan bahan makanan sampai ke penyajian bahan makanan. Pada tingkat rumah tangga penyelenggaraan makanan lebih sederhana dibandingkan penyelenggaraan makanan pada tingkat institusi yang memiliki SOP dan aturan. Perlu diberikan edukasi mengenai penyelenggaraan makanan yang baik pada tingkat rumah tangga dengan melibatkan petugas kesehatan setempat

Relationship between Sedentary Lifestyle and Eating Habits with Nutritional Status of Housewives in Work Area of Puskesmas Manyaran Semarang

2023-08-11T00:27:39+07:00

Background: Overnutrition and obesity in adults from 2007 to 2018 has increased by 8.8% to 13.6% for overnutrition and 10.3% to 21.8% for obesity. Semarang City has an adult female obesity prevalence of 29.9%. Housewives are more at risk of obesity than working mothers. Some of the factors that cause housewives to become obese are sedentary lifestyle, less of do physical activity, dietary intake, and consumption of unhealthy intake.

Objectives: To know the relationship between sedentary lifestyle and eating habits in terms of energy intake, protein intake, fat intake and carbohydrate intake with the nutritional status of housewives.

Methods: This typed of research used quantitative methods with a case control study design. The sample of this study amounted to 41 case samples and 41 control samples with purposive sampling technique. The instruments used were Semi Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ FFQ) questionnaire and Sedentary Behavior Questionnaire (SBQ). Chi-square test was used to analyze bivariate data.

Results: The results showed that a high sedentary lifestyle was more prevalent in the case group (65.9%). Adequate energy intake was more in the control group (90.2%). Excess protein intake in the case group (83.0%). Adequate fat intake in the control group (92.7%). Adequate carbohydrate intake in the control group (95.1%). There was a relationship between sedentary lifestyle (p-value = 0.027), energy intake (p-value = 0.026), protein intake (p-value = 0.001), fat intake (p-value = 0.003) and carbohydrate intake (p-value = 0.007) with the nutritional status of housewives.

Conclusions: There was a relationship between high sedentary lifestyle and eating habits with the nutritional status of housewives.

Physical Activity with Adolescent Nutritional Status in State Junior High School 25 Surabaya

2024-04-27T16:19:49+07:00

Background: Physical activity is an action taken by individuals from waking up to resting. Physical activity is very important in order to maintain a healthy body and ideal body weight. Increasing levels of life and technological advances have triggered changes in the way of life or habitual patterns of life. The existence of a contemporary culture with the support of the latest innovations can lead to reduced physical activity. Lack of physical activity can lead to an increased risk of BMI (Body Mass Index). To ensure that adolescents achieve an ideal weight and maintain physical health, it is imperative that they increase their physical activity levels.

Objectives: This study aims to determine the relationship between physical activity and the nutritional status of adolescents at State Junior High School 25 Surabaya.

Methods: This type of research is observational with a cross-sectional study design. The sample of this research is 80 respondents. Data analysis in this study consisted of univariate and bivariate with Chi-Square.

Results: The study result indicated that 42.5% of students have normal nutritional status and 77.5% of students do light physical activity. Based on bivariate analysis, it was found that there was a significant relationship between physical activity and the nutritional status of adolescents at State Junior High School 25 Surabaya (p-value = 0.008).

Conclusions: There is a significant relationship between physical activity and the nutritional status of adolescents at SMP Negeri 25 Surabaya. It is recommended to measure and weigh body weight every week by trained officers to be able to monitor each individual's nutritional status and carry out regular physical activity.

The Relationship between Family Characteristics and Level of Household Food Security with Stunting Incidents in Toddlers (Study in the Work Area of the Singgahan Health Center, Tuban Regency)

2023-08-23T12:25:25+07:00

Background: Stunting is chronic malnutrition that occurs in a long time and there are symptoms such as shorter stature compared to their age. Stunting can be caused by several factors, both directly and indirectly. The direct factors are nutritional deficiency and infection, while the indirect factors are household food security and family characteristics.

Objectives: The objective of this study is to examine the correlation between family characteristics and the degree of household food security with the occurrence of stunting in toddlers residing in the Singgahan Health Center's jurisdiction in Tuban Regency.

Method: The chosen research methodology employs a quantitative analytical approach and adopts a cross-sectional design. The study's sample consists of 95 individuals, selected using a multistage random selection process. The collection of research data involved the utilization of many methods, including height measurements, interviews, and the administration of the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) questionnaire. Additionally, the data obtained in the study were subjected to analysis using the Chi-Square test.

Results: The results showed that the prevalence of stunting was relatively high, namely 41.1%. Not only that, the prevalence of families categorized as severe food insecure was also found, which was 13.7%. Based on the results of the study, a relationship was found between the father's occupation and the incidence of stunting in toddlers (p=0.007), family income and the incidence of stunting in toddlers (p=0.013), food expenditure and the incidence of stunting in toddlers (p=0.019), and the level of food security. household food with the incidence of stunting in toddlers (p=0.033).

Conclusion: The occurrence of stunting in young children can be attributed to familial traits and the degree of food security within the home. Insufficient household income has a detrimental impact on the ability of individuals to obtain enough access to food. Respondents are anticipated to enhance the quality of balanced nutrition in toddlers in accordance with the guidelines provided by the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia. Enhancing household food security can be achieved through the provision of training and the development of productive business skills, hence augmenting income and facilitating improved food accessibility.

An Overview of the Community’s Intentions in Implementing Health Protocols at Traditional Markets During the Pandemic in the City of Surabaya

2024-04-27T17:02:27+07:00

Background: A place that needs to be watched out for as a place that can cause the COVID-19 virus is traditional markets, because traditional markets are meeting places for many people. Traditional markets can later have a positive impact on breaking the chain of transmission of COVID-19 through health protocol policies. Theory of Planned Behavior provides an explanation that there are three factors that influence an individual's intentions, namely controlling behavior, attitudes, and subjective norms.

Objectives: From this research activity the aim is to carry out an analysis regarding the depiction of a person's intentions in implementing health protocols in traditional markets during the COVID-19 pandemic in Surabaya.

Methods: The research technique or method used is quantitative research with a descriptive observational research design using a cross-sectional design.

Results: From the research activities that have been carried out, the results state that the majority of respondents are aged 19 to 30 years and have the last education of SMA or SMK equivalent. The majority of respondents also have good knowledge and have very good control over behavior, attitudes, and subjective norms. Not only that, but the majority of respondents also have the power of intention in implementing health protocols in traditional markets.

Conclusions: From the research activities that have been carried out, a conclusion can be drawn that the majority of respondents have strong intentions to implement health protocols in traditional markets. Controlling the behavior of attitudes and subjective norms of the majority of respondents in the very good category which is a factor influencing their intentions. Not only that, this was also driven by respondents whose characteristics were in their productive age and had good knowledge and education. With that, respondents are expected to be able to make the application of health protocols in these traditional markets a habit that is needed to be implemented in their daily lives.

Overview of Internal Factors and External Factors with Work Fatigue in Nurses in Regional General Hospital Dr. Soeroto Ngawi

2023-12-19T10:33:17+07:00

Background: Fatigue is a combination of decreased mental and physical function resulting in decreased work effectiveness and efficiency. The presence of fatigue can lead to a decrease in work productivity, the occurrence of work accidents, and decreased work motivation. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship of individual characteristics, physical workload, mental workload, working period, work shifts, and work stress with work fatigue in nurses of Dr. Soeroto Ngawi Regional General Hospital.

Objectives: Analyzing relationship individual characteristics, physical and mental workload, length of work, work shifts, and work stress with fatigue.

Methods: Observational with a cross-sectional research plan. The population in this study were all nurses at Regional General Hospital Dr. Soeroto Ngawi, numbering 211 people. The sample used in this research was 69 nurses taken using the probability sampling method with the proportional stratified random sampling technique. The variables studied were the worker’s internal factors (age, gender, nutritional status, marital status, work stress) and the workers’ external factors (physical workload, mental workload, length of service, work shifts).

Results: There is a significant relationship between mental workload (r = 0.024, p = 0.271), physical workload (r = 0.042, p = 0.246), and work stress with work fatigue (r = 0.000, p = 0.449). Meanwhile, the work shift variables, age, gender, length of service, marital status, and nutritional status do not have a significant relationship to work fatigue in nurses at the Dr. Regional General Hospital. Soeroto Ngawi. Meanwhile, the work shift variable (r= 0.913, p = -0.013), age (r= 0.089, p = 0.206), gender (r= 0.19, p = – 0.16), length of service (r= 0.211, p = 0.153), marital status (r= 0.774, p = 0.035), and nutritional status (r=0, p = 0.035) did not have a significant relationship with work fatigue in nurses at the Dr. Regional General Hospital. Soeroto Ngawi.

Conclusions: The study's conclusion was that age, gender, length of service, marital status, and nutritional status had no significant association with work fatigue in nurses. However, physical workload, mental workload, and work stress in nurses have a significant relationship. Advice for the company is to provide consumption to nurses so that the nurse's energy intake is met, pay attention to the suitability of the number of nurses with the number of patients treated, hold regular medical check-ups, and regular psychological counseling and psychiatric tests.

Nutrition Care Process on Obesity Patient with Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) Wet and Warm, Atrial Fibrillation Moderate Ventricular Response, and Acute Kidney Injury: A Case Report

2023-08-16T20:01:13+07:00

Background: Obesity is caused by an imbalance between excessive energy intake and insufficient physical activity over a prolonged period. Obesity can increase the risk of metabolic syndrome, including heart failure. Severe heart failure can further elevate the risk of complications such as atrial fibrillation and acute kidney injury. In order to mitigate the exacerbation of heart failure severity in obese patients, it is imperative to institute a cardiovascular diet therapy employing the principles of adequate energy provision, low-fat content, and restricted protein intake within the framework of a Nutrition Care Process (NCP).

Objective: To investigate the management of standard nutritional care in obese patients with acute decompensated heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and acute kidney injury through the administration of a cardiovascular diet.

Methods: A case study was conducted in February 2023 on a patient at the University of Airlangga Infectious Disease Hospital, Surabaya.

Results: The results of the clinical evaluation demonstrated an improvement in the patient's physical condition, as evidenced by the absence of dyspnea and stable vital signs within the normal range at the end of the intervention. The patient's food intake increased progressively, although some macronutrient targets were not fully met (<75%).

Conclusion: The patient's condition showed significant improvement, as indicated by positive changes in physical/clinical monitoring. Additionally, there was an increase in food intake, although the target macronutrient intake was not fully achieved.

Nutritional Care Process in Pediatric Patients with Bronchopneumonia and Simple Febrile Convulsion by Administering a High Calorie and High Protein Diet: A Case Report

2023-08-29T16:03:46+07:00

Background: Pediatric patients diagnosed with bronchopneumonia and post-convulsive simple febrile seizures need special nutritional care to prevent damage to body tissues, restore the body and fulfill nutritional intake. In addition, patients with bronchopneumonia and post-convulsive simple febrile seizures sometimes experience decreased appetite and inadequate food consumption. Nutritional Care Process (NCP) by providing a high-calorie and high-protein diet is carried out in order to provide food as needed, thus helping to speed up the healing process and minimizing the occurrence of disease complications.

Objectives: To determine the management of standardized nutritional care processes in pediatric patient’s bronchopneumonia and post-convulsive simple febrile seizures by providing a high-calorie and high-protein diet.

Methods: The case study was conducted in January 2023 on inpatients at RSI Jemursari Surabaya. The research sample was obtained by selecting patients based on specific criteria, including patients who were hospitalized for more than 3 days and experienced complications related to the disease. Sampling was conducted by reviewing the patient's medical history in medical records, with the approval of the attending nurse and in the presence of a hospital nutritionist. The method applied to patients involves interviewing the patient's parents to assess the physical domain, monitoring the patient's medical record to evaluate the biochemical domain, and observing the patient's food intake for 3 consecutive days. This is done by recording 9 meals through 24-hour food recall and visual comstock. Researchers also conducted literature reviews to gather the necessary information.

Results: After monitoring and evaluation carried out for 3 days, it was found that the patient's body temperature was in the normal range (no fever), the patient's weight was constant/fixed, biochemical indicators could not be observed for increases or decreases because there were no laboratory results the following day, and Fulfillment of the patient's nutritional intake for 3 consecutive days shows a gradual increase in results up to> 80%.

Conclusions: In this case, the patient’s recovery was quite rapid. There was an increase in appetite and food consumption gradually increased to >80%. Overall, the nutritional intervention was achieved.

Analysis Fiber Content and Organoleptic Test of Sempol with Breadfruit Flour (Artocarpus altilis) Substitution

2023-07-20T14:28:24+07:00

Background: Breadfruit production in Indonesia is very abundant, in the first quarter the production of breadfruit in Indonesia reached 33,382 tons. Breadfruit fruit can be processed into breadfruit flour to be used as material for making breadfruit flour formulation sempol (0%, 25%, 40%, 55%). In 100 grams of breadfruit flour contains high fiber as much as 3.7 grams of fiber. Fiber is able to slow down the absorption of glucose in the stomach to prevent the occurrence of diabetes mellitus.

Objectives: This study aims to analyze the fiber content and organoleptic test of sempol by substitution of breadfruit flour (Artocarpus altilis).

Methods: This research is a type of quantitative research with a quasi-experimental research design. The research sample consisted of 35 panelists taken by purposive sampling. Acceptance data were obtained from the organoleptic test form and analyzed using the Kruskal Walis method followed by the Man Whitney method. Fiber content data was obtained from the results of the gravimetric test laboratory and analyzed using the One Way Anova method followed by the Duncan method.

Results: The results showed that the fiber content in sempol was significantly different (p=0.05). The results of the sempol organoleptic test showed significant differences in the parameters of color (p=0.000), aroma (p=0.001), and taste (p=0.008). In the organoleptic test for texture parameters there was no significant difference (p=0.149).

Conclusions: In the gravimetric test the crude fiber content showed an increase in each sample treatment with the highest yield of crude fiber sample X3 of 2.14%. The results of the organoleptic test for color and aroma parameters were highest in sample X0 (control) with a score of 3.86 and 3.69 respectively, in the parameters of taste and texture the highest results were in sample X1 (substitution of breadfruit flour 25%) each score of 3.49 and 3.31.

Description of Work Positions and Musculoskeletal Disorder (MSDs) Complaints Among Workers in the Gresik Steel Industry

2023-09-18T15:18:08+07:00

Background: One of the occupational health and safety problems that many manufacturing workers experience is unergonomic work positions, this can cause fatigue and several serious diseases, including Musculoskeletal Disorder (MSDs.)

Objectives: To find out the description of work positions and MSD complaints felt by workers of Gresik Steel Industry, particularly in the area of magnetic flux leakage and rework.

Methods: This study used an observational method and analysis was carried out using the Angle Meter application, Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA), and the Nordic Body Map (NBM) questionnaire.

Results: The assessment of work positions shows that 2 workers have a moderate risk level, 4 workers have a high risk level, and 2 workers have a very high risk level that requires immediate improvement. The results of observations show that the work activities that are often carried out by workers are squatting positions with a bent back and neck in a flexed position, which is an unergonomic position. A total of 87.5% of workers experienced moderate MSDs complaints, and 12.5% of workers experienced low-level MSDs complaints. Control efforts that have been made include the use of tools to lift products, setting working hours and breaks, and using personal protective equipment (PPE).

Conclusion: Assessment of work positions in magnetic flux leakage and rework area workers has a high risk level that requires immediate corrective action, and MSDs complaints are felt by workers in the high category. The description of work positions can be used as a basic reference for companies to determine additional control efforts to reduce the risk of MSDs complaints among workers in the future.

The Effect of Nutrition Education Using Puzzle to Increased Knowledge and Intentions Consumption of Vegetables and Fruits in SDN Dupak I Surabaya

2023-10-04T20:39:14+07:00

Background: The level of vegetable and fruit consumption in Indonesia is generally still low at 95.5%. Children who consume small amounts of vegetables and fruits have the potential to suffer from malnutrition. One of the age groups that are vulnerable to nutrition is school children.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of nutrition education using puzzle media on increasing knowledge and intentions related to vegetable and fruit consumption in Dupak 1 Surabaya Elementary School children.

Methods: This type of research was a quasi-experiment using pre-post test design. The research sample used was 44 people (22 students in the treatment group and 22 students in the control group) taken randomly with sample random sampling. Data collection in this study used knowledge questionnaires, Theory of Planned Behavior constructs, and intentions. The statistical tests used in this study were Paired T-Test and Independent T-Test.

Results: Paired T-Test analysis revealed that all variables had significant differences in the control group and treatment group. The Independent T-Test analysis showed that there were differences in attitude changes (p=0.004) and subjective norms (p=0.025) between the treatment group and the control group. Providing education using puzzle media was effective in changing attitudes and subjective norms of respondents.

Conclusion: In conclusion, there was a significant increase in the variables of knowledge, attitude, subjective norms, perception of behavioral control, and intention before and after being given nutrition education related to vegetables and fruits in both groups. Providing education with puzzle media was effective in changing attitudes and subjective norms in respondents when compared to poster media.

Macronutrient Intakes for Breakfast, Morning Snack, and Lunch are Related to Work Fatigue in Teachers

2023-10-18T13:46:53+07:00

Background: Work fatigue is a condition that arises due to high activity carried out by individuals until they are no longer able to do it. Teachers are a group of workers prone to lack energy due to the high workload and busy working hours.

Objectives: to analyze the relationship between the consumption of breakfast, morning snacks, and lunch with the level of work fatigue in elementary school teachers in full-day schools in the city of Surabaya. Methods: This research used a cross-sectional design on 88 elementary school teachers at SD Muhammadiyah 04 and Luqman Al-Hakim Surabaya. Sample selection used the cluster random sampling method. Lunch consumption data was taken using the 24-hour food recall method. Work fatigue was measured using the Subjective Self Rating Test (SSRT) questionnaire. Analysis of the relationship between variables uses the Chi-square correlation test with a significance level of ð”›¼ = 0.05. Results: The results of the study showed that there was no relationship between the consumption of breakfast, morning snacks, and lunch with the level of work fatigue. Most teachers felt they were not tired (71.6%) and only a tiny percentage felt tired (28.4%). Teachers' overall macronutrient intake is still less than the required standards. The energy contribution of breakfast, morning snacks, and lunch is 16.3% from 25%, 6.4% from 10%, and 18% from 30% respectively.

Conclusions: There is no relationship between consumption of breakfast, morning snacks and lunch with the level of work fatigue. There needs to be health promotion regarding work fatigue and teachers getting used to eating breakfast at 07.00-08.00 so that energy reserves in the body can last longer for teaching.

Analisis Pengetahuan Pencegahan Covid-19 Pada Masyarakat Berdasarkan Perceived Susceptibility, Perceived Severity, Perceived Benefits, dan Perceived Barriers

2023-09-04T14:14:39+07:00

Background: In Indonesia as of September 30, 2022, the total number of Covid-19 positive patients was 6,431,624 people, with 158,112 patients dying. However, there are still many people who still lack knowledge and attitudes regarding the dangers of exposure to the Covid-19 virus on health. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between knowledge and community behavior in efforts to prevent Covid-19, especially in Pondok Maritim Indah, Kelurahan Balas Klumprik, Kecamatan Wiyung, Surabaya.

Objectives: Determine the relationship between perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefit, perceived barriers. with Covid-19 prevention behavior.

Methods: This type of research is an analytical observational study with a cross sectional design. The sample size of this study was 95 people, taken from the entire community of RW 06 Pondok Maritim Indah, Kelurahan Balas Klumprik, Kecamatan Wiyung, Surabaya. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire containing 7 statements of perceived susceptibility, 7 statements of perceived severity, 7 statements of perceived benefit, 7 statements of perceived barriers, and 7 statements of self-efficacy. The data analysis technique uses univariate analysis to describe data per variable and bivariate analysis to determine the relationship between two variables. Bivariate analysis uses chi-square test.

Result: Results showed that there was a relationship between public knowledge about preventing Covid-19 and all the perceptions studied, starting from perceptions of vulnerability (p=0.000; OR=6.692), perceptions of severity (p=0.000; OR=4.833), perceptions of benefit (p=0.000; OR=1.586)), perceptions of barriers (p=0.000; OR=10.875).

Conclusions: The conclusion of the study is that perceptions of vulnerability, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, are related to people's knowledge about Covid-19 prevention. Perceived obstacles are the most dominant perceptions related to public knowledge about Covid-19 prevention. Therefore, the role of community leaders is needed to always provide advice and support to the surrounding community to maintain and implement health protocols.

Pagesangan Surabaya Subdistrict's Commitment to Accelerating Stunting Reduction

2023-11-03T09:44:47+07:00

Background: Stunting or failure to grow and develop had the impact to children who could experience impaired cognitive development and brain maturation which would affect learned achievement. This condition was the impact of a decline in education, income, and productivity in adulthood. In Pagesangan Subdistrict Surabaya, in 2022 seven children was stunted. The Indonesian government targets the prevalence of stunting in 2024 have been 14%.

Objectives: This research aims to determine the commitment of Pagesangan Subdistrict in accelerating stunting reduction.

Methods: This qualitative research with a phenomenological approach has been able to understand and describe specific phenomena, in this case finding patterns of relationships between sub-district commitments to the acceleration of profound stunting reduction. Then the essence of the participant's experience of a phenomenon was obtained. The locations for the FGD activities in this research was the Pagesangan subdistrict office, Kebonsari community health center, and Jambangan Surabaya district office. The sampling method was purposive sampling. Data collection in this research was carried out on 10 – 12 November 2022.

Results: Based on the results of the FGD (Forum Group Discussion), there had been a commitment from the Pagesangan Surabaya Subdistrict apparatus to accelerate the reduction of stunting. The programs or activities that had been carried out in Pagesangan Subdistrict were accompanying prospective brides and grooms, Posyandu ASIK (smart healthy and creative children), providing food to toddlers. stunting, and assistance to pregnant women.

Conclusions: Efforts made by the government include a situation analysis carried out in Pagesangan Subdistrict which involved all instruments; village officials, health development cadres, assistant staff for stunting, PKK (family welfare development) and other parties. To found out the level and commitment to accelerating stunting reduction in Pagesangan village, a joint discussion (FGD) was held to find out the causes and obstacles to accelerating stunting reduction. From the FGD (forum group discussion) that was carried out, the results obtained were that Pagesangan Subdistrict Surabaya had made various efforts to resolve the occurrence of stunting.

Distal Risk Factors Affecting Anemia in Children 6-59 Months: Analysis Data of Zimbabwe Demographic and Health Survey 2015

2023-09-21T14:46:48+07:00

Background: Anemia is the cause of child death in Africa. More than one-third (37%) of children aged 6-59 months in Zimbabwe are anemic. Anemia is caused by two factors, namely proximal factor (attached to the individual) and distal factor (not attached to the individual).

Objectives: This study aims to determine the distal risk factors associated with anemia in children aged 6-59 months in Zimbabwe.

Methods: A cross-sectional study design by analyzing Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data for Zimbabwe in 2015. The total sample was 4303 households with children aged 6-59 months and fulfilled all the study variables. That became independent variables in this study were land ownership, types of livestock, and two factors from the results of the Principal Component Analysis test, water and toilet sanitation and building sanitation. Univariate analysis was performed to see the frequency distribution of each variable, then bivariate analysis with chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests to determine factors that were significantly related to the incidence of anemia and further tested with logistic regression.

Results: Based on the results of this study, it was found that variables that were significantly related to the incidence of anemia were age, agricultural land ownership, types of livestock, water and toilet sanitation, and building sanitation. From several variables that became distal risk factors, it was found that variables that increased the risk factors for anemia in children aged 6-59 months, namely not having agricultural land (OR=2.84; 95% CI=2.38-3.4; p<0, 05), do not own livestock (OR=1.72; 95%CI=1.48-2; p<0.05) own poultry (OR=1.45; 95%CI=1.2-1.74) ; p<0.05) and building sanitation (OR=1.07; 95% CI=1-1.14; p<0.05). In addition, this study found a protective factor against the incidence of anemia in children aged 6-59 months in Zimbabwe, namely water and toilet sanitation (OR=0.85; 95% CI=0.8-0.91; p<0.05).

Conclusions: The causes of anemia in children aged 6-59 months are multifactorial. We suggest that policymakers plan an integrated program specifically in agriculture and animal husbandry so that every household has agricultural land and livestock to reduce the incidence of anemia in children aged 6-59 months in Zimbabwe.

Providing Cardiovascular Diabetes Mellitus Diet to Diabetes Mellitus Patient with Pneumonia and Parkinson: A Case Report

2023-09-12T15:26:31+07:00

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a disease that occurs due to metabolic disorders in the pancreas characterized by increased blood sugar levels in the body or also known as hyperglycemia. The presence of a history of high blood pressure can increase the risk of experiencing severity. Someone who has diabetes mellitus has a higher risk of infection. The standardized Nutrition Care Process (NCP) is carried out by providing a cardiovascular diabetes mellitus diet.

Objectives: To determine the management of standardized nutritional care in patients with cardiovascular diabetes mellitus diet in patients with diabetes mellitus with pneumonia and Parkinson's disease.

Methods: The case study was conducted in October 2022 at RSI Jemursari Surabaya. Sampling using purposive sampling

Results: After monitoring and evaluation, the results found that the laboratory results were still high, the physical/clinical condition was getting better, but dental pain and shortness of breath that worsened when coughing on the third day returned. The patient's intake increased from day to day, but there were still some macronutrient fulfillments that could not reach the target (<80%).

Conclusions: The recovery of the patient's condition was not good enough, the results of biochemical and physical/clinical monitoring still showed fluctuating changes, but in food intake, there is an increase.

Evaluation of the Solid Medical Waste Management System at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital

2023-10-30T11:34:27+07:00

Background: The hospital was a health service institution for the community. The impact was the operation of the hospital for to produce waste, including solid medical waste. This waste must be managed properly so as not to have a negative impact on the environment in the hospital.

Objectives: This study aim was to provide an overview or evaluation of solid medical waste management at Dr Soetomo General Hospital compared to applicable regulations.

Methods: Researchers used a qualitative descriptive research method using a systems approach (input, process and output). The data collection technique was carried out by interviews and questionnaires with qualitative data, from which the data was then quantified using a Likert scale to get a value and given weight, so that it would become quantitative data, with categories used for assessment, namely: good, if the score interval value > 89%, enough if the value of the interval score is > 40% to <80% and less if the value of the interval score is <40%.

Results: The results showed evaluation of solid medical waste for the input section, there were 2 components that had less value, namely: methods and machines, for the process section, there were 5 components that had less value, namely the process of sorting, labeling, waste destruction, final disposal and procedures for treating solid medical waste).

Conclusion: In the input and process components from the evaluation results had less value, improvement efforts are needed by compiling Standard Operational Procedure in accordance with current regulations, making repairs to incinerator machines that function less than optimally and carrying out socialization activities for officers in the process of managing solid medical waste in hospitals.

Biscuit Formulation as Supplementary Food for Malnourished Toddlers using Tempeh Flour

2023-09-21T10:28:31+07:00

Administration of food supplement to under nutrition children is important as an effort to overcome the problem. Tempe is a potential local food since it contains abundant of protein, dissolved nitrogen, free fatty acids, and have high digestibility. The purpose of this study was to produce biscuit using tempeh as food supplement. The experiments were carried out using a completely randomized design (CRD). Biscuit formulation was carried out by changing the proportion of wheat flour: tempeh flour (b/b) with levels of P0 = 100:0, P1 = 70:30, P2 = 60:40, and P3 = 50:50 respectivley. Protein, fat, ash and water content of biscuits were determined respectively by kjeldahl, soxhlet and gravimetric methods. The nutritional content of biscuits was compared with SNI and food supplement standards. The colour of the biscuits were analyzed using the colour difference ratio (CDR) method. Biscuit qualities were also assessed based on sensory tests. The results showed that tempeh flour significantly increased protein and ash content. The use of tempeh flour has no significant effect on the energy content, levels of carbohydrates, fat, water, and colour of the biscuits. The formula of P3 meets SNI the requirements for biscuits and food supplement standard requirements with an energy content of 473 Kcal, 16.8 gr protein, 20.3 gr fat, 55.8 gr carbohydrates, 1.3 gr ash, and 5.8 gr water for 100 grams of the product. The use of tempeh flour in the biscuit formulation increased the PST and PER scores, and only slightly decreased the SAA, NPU and digestibility scores. Tempeh biscuits from the best treatment can be used as PMT for handling malnutrition with a serving size of 30-40 grams and given once per day.

Analysis of the Need for the Number of BPJS Coding Officers Using the Health Workload Analysis Method at the Haji Surabaya General Hospital

2023-12-05T13:57:42+07:00

Background: The number of inpatient BPJS claim files is 13,427 and outpatient claims are 139,027. This means that the average number of outpatient claim files that must be processed is 446 per day and 43 claim files per day for inpatient care. Meanwhile, the number of coding officers available is 6 people, consisting of 3 outpatient coding officers and 3 inpatient coding officers. The large number of claim files that each inpatient and outpatient coding officer has to work on causes the coding officer to feel the workload is heavy. The heavy workload on coding officers will cause fatigue among coding officers which will result in errors in the claims process and impact on the return of 7,402 claim files or 4.85% of the total 152,454 claim files. The return of these claim files caused the target set by the Haji Surabaya Regional General Hospital for claim files to be eligible for payment of 100.00% not to be achieved.

Objectives: To determine the need for the number of coding officers at the Haji Surabaya Regional General Hospital.

Methods: This research uses secondary data obtained from the coordination controller installation and casemix unit. The data was then analyzed based on the Health Workload Analysis method and then presented descriptively in the form of tables and explanations

Results: The average activity time for outpatient coding officers is 1 to 3 minutes per activity, while for inpatient coding officers 2 to 8 minutes per activity. The standard workload for outpatient coding officers is 117,180 for 3 types of activities and 58,590 for 1 type of activity, while inpatient coding officers are 14,647 for 3 types of activities, 23,436 for 2 types of activities and 58,590 for one type of activity. The standard for supporting duties for inpatient and outpatient coding officers is 1.072. Based on the average activity time, workload standards, and supporting task standards, the calculation results are obtained The number of coding officers needed is 6 people for outpatient care and 3 people for inpatient care.

Conclusions: The number of coding officers needed for outpatient care is 6 people, which is not in accordance with the number currently available, so it is necessary to increase the number of coding officers by 3 people, while for inpatient coding officers, the number needed of 3 people is in accordance with the number available so it is not needed. addition or reduction in the number of coding officers.

The Relationship between Mental Workload and Work Fatigue with Work Stress in Night Shift Nurses at Fatimah Islamic Hospital Banyuwangi

2023-12-22T19:50:49+07:00

Background: Every company is obliged to implement Occupational Safety and Health (K3) in the workplace. Implementation of this concept is the most important step to ensure work safety, protect workers and promote a higher level of health, so that workers can avoid various risks that endanger workers. One of the dangers at work is the psychological aspect, namely work stress. The American National Institutes of Health states that nursing is a job at risk of experiencing work stress at number 27 out of 130 types of work. The high workload on nurses can fluctuate the work stress experienced by them.

Objective: This study aims to find the relevance or relationship between gender, length of service, mental workload, age, and work fatigue with work stress in nurses in the night shift work system at the emergency installation at the Banyuwangi Islamic Fatimah Hospital.

Method: This research is quantitative with statistical analysis of the Spearman correlation coefficient.

Results: The results of the study showed that there was no relationship between age, gender, years of work, mental workload and work stress. In addition, a relationship was found between work fatigue and work stress.

Conclusion: Overall, it can be concluded that age, gender, length of service and workload for nurses are not related to work stress. However, the work fatigue of nurses at Fatimah Banyuwangi Islamic Hospital is related to the nurses' work stress.

Acceptability and Nutritional Content of Cookies Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor, L) with the Addition of Spinach (Amaranthus Sp.) as a Snack for Women of Reproduvtive Age

2024-06-27T11:35:03+07:00

Background: Women of reproduvtive age are an age group that is prone to experiencing nutritional problems, such as anemia. Food-based interventions utilize sufficient amounts of iron in foodstuffs, becoming one of the efforts to prevent and control iron deficiency anemia. Intervention can be done by making products as snacks in the form of cookies, which are modified by adding foods high in iron, such as sorghum (Sorghum bicolor, L), which is a type of legume with no less nutritional content than other types of legumes. such as rice, corn and wheat. Apart from that, a type of vegetable that has many benefits due to its high iron content is found in green spinach (Amaranthus sp.).

Objective: This research aims to produce the best formula by making cookies made from sorghum flour with the addition of green spinach powder, which is expected to increase the nutritional and iron content as a snack for women of reproduvtive age.

Methods: This research used an experimental type of research, with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD), resulting in 2 repetitions. This research was carried out in making cookies with the formulation of adding 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% spinach powder. Acceptance testing assesses the characteristics of cookies consisting of color, taste, texture and aroma using untrained panelists with the criteria of 30 women of reproduvtive age, aged 15-49 years. Testing for nutritional content includes protein (%), fat (%), carbohydrate (%) and iron (mg).

Results: The cookie formula that has the best acceptability based on the characteristics of color, taste, texture and aroma, is found in F2 with the addition of 10% spinach powder. The results of the nutritional content test in 100 grams of F2 cookies are 553.86 kcal energy, 8.29% protein, 7.77% fat, 78.18% carbohydrates and 13.57 mg iron.

Conclusion: Based on iron adequacy in women of reproduvtive age aged 15-49, cookies can contribute to additional iron of 3.39 mg a day, with a serving size of 25 grams of cookies. The iron content in cookies is a type of non-heme iron which has low bioavailability, so it requires enhancers and inhibitors in food, such as vitamin C and animal source foods.

Risk Factors Associated with the Incident of Obesity in Adolescents (Case Study at SMA Negeri 15 Semarang)

2024-04-23T22:03:43+07:00

Background: One of the nutritional problems in adolescents is obesity. Risk factors for obesity are multifactoral.
Imbalanced consumption of nutrients, high salt consumption, insufficient fiber intake, increased frequency of
consumption of junk food, low physical activity, genetic factors, psychological factors, socio-economic status, diet
programs, age and gender are factors that contribute to adolescent obesity.
Objective: Analyze to determine the risk factors associated with the incidence of adolescent obesity.
Method: Case control study with a total of 80 subjects, cases are obese adolescents and controls are non-obese
adolescents. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The independent variables are the level of
adequacy of macronutrient intake, fiber intake, sodium intake, frequency of junk food consumption, physical
activity level, sleep quality, and stress level. The attachment variable is the incidence of obesity in adolescents.
Data analysis used the chi-square test and multiple logistic regression.
Results: Risk factors that were significantly related (p<0.05) to risk factors for obesity in adolescents were energy
intake (p = 0.000); protein intake (p = 0.018); fat intake (p = 0.000); carbohydrate intake (p = 0.001); fiber intake
(p = 0.007); sodium intake (p = 0.000); frequency of junk food consumption (p = 0.023); and physical activity (p
= 0.000). The results of the multiple logistic regression test showed that carbohydrate intake was the most
dominant risk factor for obesity (Exp(B) = 18,743; 95%CI = 2,778-126,457; p = 0.003).
Conclusion: Adolescents with excessive intake of macronutrients and sodium, insufficient fiber intake, frequent
consumption of junk food, and low levels of physical activity are at greater risk of obesity.

Keywords: Adolescent, Obesity, Risk factors

The Correlation between Body Image and Eating Disorder with Nutritional Status in Adolescent Girls 15-18 Years Old

2023-12-20T15:19:56+07:00

Background: Adolescent girls tend to have thinner bodies. Dissatisfaction with body shape can affect daily eating behavior. Misperception of body image can lead to a desire to thin out and to misbehave in diet to have an eating disorder. Bad eating behavior that lasts a long time will affect the nutritional status of adolescents.

Objectives: This study aims to analyze the correlation between body image and eating disorders with the nutritional status of adolescents aged 15-18 years.

Methods: This method is observational analytical research with a case-control design on 34 teenage girls in classes X and XI at Semen Gresik High School with a sampling technique using Simple Random Sampling. The instrument for measuring body image uses the Body Shape Questionnaire-34 (BSQ–34) and to assess the tendency to have eating disorders using the Eating Disorder Diagnostic Scale (EDDS). Statistical test analysis between variables uses Fisher’s exact test.

Results: The results showed that there were 15 girl students (88.2%) with normal nutritional status who had a positive body image, one girl student (5.9%) who had poor nutritional status had a negative body image, along with 14 girl students (82.4%) who had normal nutritional status not tended to have eating disorders, and many as two girl students (11.8%) with underweight nutritional status tended to have eating disorders. The results of statistical test analysis show that there is no corellation between body image (p = 1,000) and eating disorders (p = 1,000) with nutritional status.

Conclusions: This study concludes that no significant correlation exists between body image and eating disorders and the nutritional status of adolescent girls aged 15-18 years.

The Relationship of Antenatal Visits, Childbirth Assistance, and Postpartum Visits with Postpartum Family Planning in East Java Province

2023-12-28T10:06:50+07:00

Background: Birth control is achieved through community participation in family planning programs. Program to increase the coverage of postpartum family planning is very beneficial to be applied in efforts to improve the health of mothers, children, and their families.

Objectives: The aim of this research is to analyze factors related to postpartum family planning coverage in East Java Province.

Methods: This research was an observational analytical research. The approach used in this research was a cross-sectional approach. The population in this research was all regency/ city in East Java based on the East Java Health Profile in 2021. The sample in this research used the total population of all regencies/cities in East Java Province with 38 regencies/ cities. Data analysis used Spearman’s correlation.

Results: The results showed that the relation between first antenatal visits and postpartum family planning coverage obtained p=0.003 (p<0.05), the correlation between last antenatal visits and postpartum family planning coverage found p=0.068 (p>0.05), the correlation between childbirth assistance by health workers and postpartum family planning coverage found p=0.012 (p<0.05), the correlation between childbirth assistance at health service facilities and postpartum family planning coverage found p=0.012 (p<0.05), the correlation between first postpartum visit and postpartum family planning coverage found p=0.012 (p<0,05), the correlation between second postpartum visit and postpartum family planning coverage obtained p=0.005 (p<0.05), the correlation between third postpartum visit and postpartum family planning found p=0.001 (p<0.05).

Conclusions: There is a relationship between antenatal visits, childbirth assistance, and postpartum visits to postpartum family planning coverage in East Java Province. Health providers should be encouraged to offer better counseling because it can impact women's decisions to utilize postpartum family planning.

Analysis of the Relationship between Physical Workload and Work Fatigue of Sulfur Miners PT X Banyuwangi

2023-12-11T21:33:57+07:00

Background: Indonesia is a country with abundant natural resources, one of which is the potential for sulfur in Banyuwangi Regency. This natural potential is managed by PT. X Banyuwangi with the number of workers reaching 249 sulfur miners in the area. Excessive physical workload was found in the mining operational process in the Mount Ijen crater, resulting in a high potential for work fatigue which could lead to work accidents in this business sector.

Objective: This study aims to examine the relationship between age, length of service and physical workload with work fatigue of sulfur miners of PT. X Banyuwangi.

Method: The research method used is quantitative observational with data analysis using Spearman correlation and correlation coefficient values.

Results: The results of the study showed that there was a relationship between age and physical workload and work fatigue of sulfur miners of PT. X Banyuwangi. Apart from that, there is no relationship between work period and work fatigue of sulfur miners of PT. X Banyuwangi.

Conclusion: Overall, it can be concluded that age and physical workload are related to work fatigue, while work experience is not related to work fatigue. The recommendations that can be implemented are implementing standard operational procedures in the process of transporting sulfur mining products which is carried out over a distance of 3 km, providing a shift system that allows miners to have working hours in accordance with Indonesian regulations, and providing physical workload limits in the manual handling process. which was carried out in the process of transporting sulfur mining products in the crater area of "‹"‹Mount Ijen, Banyuwangi.

Providing High Protein and Energy to Patient COVID-19 with Pneumonia: A Case Report

2023-10-17T09:18:14+07:00

Background: The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of the infectious disease known as Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). This virus is a novel strain of virus that has never been discovered in humans before. A history of diseases such as pneumonia can also raise the likelihood of experiencing hazardous complications, one of which is acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). An additional risk factor includes having a history of the condition. The Standardized Nutrition Care Process (SNCP) is carried out for patients by providing a high energy, high protein diet (HEHP) to meet the patient's needs.

Objectives: Knowing the management of standardized nutritional care for patients by providing a high protein and energy diet to patients confirmed for COVID-19 with a history of pneumonia.

Methods: A case study was conducted in February 2021 in patients at Dr. Soetomo hospital, Surabaya. Sampling has been determined in advance by the hospital nutritionist and internship guide according to the case criteria. The data collection method is carried out with observation and analysis over 3 days in the field of intake, physical/clinical, biochemical and anthropometry domains. The researchers also conducted literature studies to complete complete the required data.

Results: The results of the monitoring and evaluation showed that the laboratory results had fluctuating changes, the results were changes in the type of food and the method of administration that was given, the physical and clinical conditions had begun to improve, despite the fact that there were still complaints of shortness of breath, and the patient's intake increased from day to day, and there were several fulfillments of macronutrients that reached the target (<80%).

Conclusions: The patient's recovery condition was not satisfactory; the results of the physical/clinical and biochemical monitoring from day to day showed that it continued to show fluctuating changes. However, after monitoring the patient for three days, it was discovered that the patient's food intake had increased from liquid food to soft food and had met the daily needs targets that had been predetermined.

Forecasting the Number of Covid-19 in Malang City: Study with Time Series Analysis Exponential Smoothing Method

2024-01-29T12:34:56+07:00

Background: COVID-19 is a disease caused by the coronavirus and causes the main symptoms in the form of respiratory problems. The first case of COVID-19 in Indonesia occurred in March 2020. Forecasting COVID-19 cases is important to determine the right strategy for dealing with wider transmission of COVID-19. Time series analysis is a statistical analysis that can make very accurate forecasts, by considering previous data patterns. The Exponential Smoothing Method is one of the methods developed in time series analysis.

Objectives: This research aims to forecast COVID-19 cases in Malang City.

Methods: This research was conducted at the Malang City Health Service by taking secondary data, namely monthly data on the number of COVID-19 cases from March 2020 to August 2022.

Results: Based on the research results, it shows that the number of new cases obtained in September - December 2022 was 856. Single Exponential Smoothing Mode; generated in a mathematical model is L_t = (0,0177)Y_t + (0,9823)L_t-1_.

Conclusions: A study of the number of new COVID-19 cases in Malang City shows fluctuations from 2020-2022. The Single Exponential Smoothing method is the appropriate method for forecasting this research.

Analysis of Implementation of Doctor's Practice Licensing Policy in 2021: Qualitative Study

2024-01-24T10:16:45+07:00

Background: Based on the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Number 2052/Menkes/Per/X/2011 concerning License to Practice and Implementation of Medical Practice states that doctors and dentists who already have a License to Practice (SIP) and provide medical services or provide expertise consultation in the event requested by a health service facility. However, there is a problem that some practices do not have a SIP.

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the license policy of doctors to practice in Bekasi using the van meter van horn approach

Methods: This qualitative research is descriptive evaluative with a case study research design. The research location is in Bekasi Regency. Policy evaluation uses van meter van horn approach by identifying several aspects, namely performance indicators, human resources, clarity of purpose, accuracy and consistency of communication, bureaucratic structure, understanding of policies and responses to policies, social influences, political influences and economic influences on the implementation of medical practice licenses in Bekasi Regency.

Results: Results obtained by 12 informants from different agencies. Performance indicators show that licensing carried out by the Investment and One-Stop Integrated Services Agency (DPMPTSP) takes a long time. In terms of human resources, almost all informants stated that there was a difference between HR needs between before and during Covid. Communication indicators show that there are obstacles in the form of double communication. Policy indicators obtained results that have been carried out well and there is no policy rejection given by the government. Meanwhile, it was found that there was no social, economic and political influence with the implementation of the current policy.

Conclusion: The performance indicators of the Hospital doctor's license are clear, the performance achievement of the doctor's practice license policy is good, but in the implementation of the doctor's practice license, the obstacle faced is the lack of implementing human resources.

Differences in Iron and Vitamin A Intake on Baduta (Under Two Years Old) Before and After Education using “Puzzle Isi Piring Baduta”

2023-12-07T17:28:56+07:00

Background: Iron and vitamin A are important micronutrients for under two years old. Iron deficiency and vitamin A deficiency can cause nutritional problems related to underweight and stunting. Providing a variety of food according to the contents of my plate is one effort to fulfill these nutrients. Mother’s knowledge, attitudes, and behavior influence baby-feeding practices.

Objectives: Analyzing differences in under two years old’s iron and vitamin A intake before and after education using the “under two years old’s plate content puzzle”

Methods: This type of research used quantitative with a pre-experimental research and one-group pretest-posttest design. The total sample was 67 mothers under two years old in 08 Sub-Village, Keputih Subdistrict, Surabaya City. The sampling method used was total sampling. Collecting data on the nutritional intake of under two years old used 2x24-hour recall. The statistical test used the Wilcoxon sign rank test to see differences in intake.

Results: The study showed a significant difference before and after education in iron and vitamin A intake in under two years old with a p-value=0,000.

Conclusions: Education used media “puzzle isi piring baduta” has an effect on iron and vitamin A intake under two years old.

The Influence of Educational Media on Knowledge and Attitudes of Snack Food Sanitation Hygiene

2024-02-02T15:53:00+07:00

Background: Hygiene and sanitation are health efforts by improving hygiene and health through early maintenance of individuals and their surroundings. Health problems can be contaminated through food and the surrounding environment, one of which is snacks which are currently being traded a lot.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of introspective media, animation media, media games on students' knowledge and attitudes about food hygiene and sanitation at SMPN 5 Karawang Barat.

Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental approach with a pre-test and post-test design using a total sampling technique with a sample of 69 respondents. Statistical analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test

Results: The results showed that there were significant results between knowledge and attitudes with infographic media, 3D media, and game media with a significant p-value of 0,000.

Conclusions: There is an influence of infographic media, 3-dimensional media, game media on students' knowledge and attitudes regarding hygiene, sanitation of snack foods at SMPN 5 Karawang Barat schools.

Eating Disorders and Stress Positively Correlated with Body Mass Index in Adolescents at Attaqwa 02 Tarumajaya Middle School

2023-10-12T09:30:01+07:00

Background: Poor body perceptions may cause stress that leads to an increased risk of eating disorders that subsequently affect nutritional status. However, this relationship in adolescents is still hardly explored.

Objectives: To examine the relationship between eating disorders, body perception, stress scores, and body mass index in adolescents.

Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 33 teenagers aged 13-16 years at Attaqwa 02 Tarumajaya Middle School who were drawn using stratified random sampling. Eating disorders, body perception, and stress score were assessed by the Eating Atittude Test-40, Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questioner Appearance Scale, and a modified Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-42, respectively. Body mass index for age z-score (BAZ) was generated from anthropometric measurements. Relationships were tested by Pearson and Partial correlations.

Results: More than half of the respondents were boys (51.5%). Eating disorders (r= 0.399) and stress scores (r= 0.539) were significantly and positively associated with BAZ in adolescents. The relationship remains significant although a bit attenuated after adjusted by age (r= 0.375; r= 0.562) and gender (r= 0.388; r= 0.516). No association was found between body perception and BAZ (r= -0.027). After adjusting by age (r= -0.107) and gender (r= -0.052) the association remained insignificant.

Conclusions: Eating disorders and stress scores correlated significantly with body mass index z-score in adolescents. Health and nutrition promotion to prevent eating disorders and stress should be encouraged to reduce the risk of obesity in adolescents.

Implementation of Nutrition Care Process for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patient with Pneumonia and Post-COVID 19: A Case Report

2023-10-17T10:06:08+07:00

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients require special nutritional care to maintain blood sugar levels and meet nutritional needs. Especially in cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus with pneumonia and post-COVID 19 which affects the ability to consume food adequately. The B1 diet is a diet for diabetes sufferers who require a high protein intake. The standardized nutritional care process is carried out by providing B1 diet to lower blood sugar levels and reduce the risk of disease severity.

Objectives: To determine the management of standardized nutritional care for type 2 diabetes mellitus patient with pneumonia and post-COVID 19 who use the B1 diabetes mellitus diet.

Methods: A case study was conducted in February 2021 on a patient at RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya. The data collection method was observation for 3 days on intake, physical/clinical, anthropometric and biochemical domains. Researchers also conducted literature studies to complete and analyze the data.

Results: After nutritional intervention, the patient's physical/clinical complaints began to decrease, GDP levels gradually decreased, and the patient's intake gradually increased although it had not yet reached the target (<80%).

Conclusion: Based on the results of monitoring and evaluation, the nutritional intervention provided had not reached the target, but the patient's condition is gradually improving.

The Effect of Contribution Fee and Late Penalties on The Length of Delay in Paying Contributions to the National Health Insurance Program

2023-07-25T12:01:56+07:00

Background: Participants of National Health Insurance in Indonesia reached 252,235,864 with 93.05% coverage. East Java is one of the provinces that has not yet achieved Universal Health Coverage or UHC with a membership coverage of 88.6%. For East Java, there are 8 cities/regencies that have reached UHC, with the largest number of inactive participants being in the city of Surabaya with 591,273 or 67.5%.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of contribution fee and penalties on the length of delay in paying contributions to the national health insurance program.

Methods: The type of research used was a descriptive study with a cross-sectional design, with a sample of 107 participants in the national health insurance program from noncontribution assistance recipients who had or currently had National Health Insurance contributions in arrears in 2022 in the city of Surabaya.

Results: The results showed that the National Health Insurance contribution price variable had a significant effect on the length of delay (α <0.05) with an odds ratio of 0.39 and 95% CI (-1.892 to -0.010). The formation of sanctions also had a significant effect on the delay in paid National Health Insurance contributions (α <0.05) with an odds ratio of 0.32 and a CI of 95% (-2.068 to -0.201).

Conclusions: There was a significant influence between the price of National Health Insurance contributions and sanctions on the length of delay in paid National Health Insurance contributions. It expected that National Health Insurance participants from the non-contribution assistance recipient group could access National Health Insurance services to know National Health Insurance regulations and could pay contributions on time so that their membership status remained active.

Literature Review: Relationship of Knowledge, Motivation and Attitude with Unsafe Action on Labor

2024-04-27T21:36:04+07:00

Background: The National Safety Council (NSC) in 2011 stated that 88% of occupational accidents can caused by unsafe behavior. unsafe actions are actions that has dangerous actions of workers that may be set back by various causes. Behavioral factors play a very important role in the occurrence of work accidents.

Objectives: This study aims to understand the relationship between knowledge, attitude, and motivation with unsafe behavior in labor.

Methods: This study used the literature method of topic-related articles with keywords of knowledge, attitude, motivation, and safe behavior on Google Scholar and PubMed databases.

Results: The results of an article search on the Google Scholar and PubMed databases show that there are 6 journals that match the exclusion and inclusion criteria, published between 2018 and 2023. All studied articles are Indonesian-language articles with quantitative research types that use chi-square bivariate test analysis.

Conclusions: Based on 6 studies of articles used, there was found to be a relationship between knowledge, attitude, and motivation and unsafe actions in labor.

The Relationship of Obesity with Academic Achievement in Adolescents: Literature Review

2023-08-18T17:51:00+07:00

Background: Adolescents at the age of growth need greater nutritional intake because the imbalance between nutrient intake and the recommended nutritional adequacy has been one of the causes of nutritional problems that occur in adolescents. Obesity, chronic lack of energy, and anemia were the most common nutritional problems in adolescents in Indonesia. Academic achievement was the main indicator to determine the ability of students, as well as being one of the determinants of the quality and main goals of education. There were a number of factors that affect academic achievement in adolescents, namely physical health, psychological (healthy, motivational, psychoemotional stability, school environment, and family classes. One element that had an important role in influencing the quality of human resources, namely health and nutrition. Thus, nutrition and nutritional status that were fulfilled produced quality human resources.

Objectives: The literature review aims to analyze the relationship between obesity and academic achievement in adolescents.

Methods: This research was conducted by literature review design obtained from national and international journal articles with content according to the topics discussed, in the form of original articles, full texts, open access, and published in the last 10 years, as well as the process of searching journal articles through Google Scholar, Science Direct, Elsevier and PubMed.

Results: Based on 10 journal articles found, most journal articles state that there was a correlation between obesity and academic achievement in adolescents. Adolescents with good nutritional status would receive material and thought well, and obtain good academic performance as well because intelligence and ability to capture material could be influenced by a person's nutritional status. However, several other factors affect academic achievement in adolescents, in addition to nutritional status.

Conclusions: Based on the analysis conducted, it was concluded that there was a relationship between obesity and academic achievement in adolescents. In addition, obesity was one of the factors influencing academic achievement.

Literature Review: The Relationship of Breakfast Skipping with Overweight/Obesity

2023-08-04T17:02:33+07:00

Background: The number of overweight and obese people in the world is increasing, and the worldwide increase in obesity affects health and reduces quality of life. Obesity is a risk factor for degenerative diseases that have serious health consequences. Research conducted in 2016 showed that more than 1.9 billion adults aged 18 years and older are overweight. Factors that influence the occurrence of obesity are genetics, less physical activity, more calorie intake, and an irregular diet.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the association between skipping breakfast and overweight/obesity.

Methods: The writing of this review article used a literature review approach where this study used data findings and/or previous research data on the topic of skipping breakfast with overweight / obesity in as many as six cross-sectional studies, case-control and cohort. The databases used are Science Direct, Scopus, and PubMed.

Results: Regular breakfast can effectively reduce the risk of obesity. Skipping breakfast can change the circadian rhythm, which is the natural pattern the human body repeats every 24 hours, which can affect energy intake, bodily functions and emotional states. These changes can cause a person to consume more calories during the day and night, resulting in an increase in body fat, which manifests as weight gain. Changes in eating habits impact fast food consumption, which will increase total energy consumption.

Conclusions: Based on the six articles reviewed, all articles showed a significant association between skipping breakfast and obesity. Five studies showed significant results that gender was one of the influences on the association of breakfast skipping with obesity. Still, there was no dietary assessment in the reviewed studies, including energy and nutrient energy and nutrient consumption data to assess the distribution of daily intake between meals. However, one another article shows no association of gender with meal skipping.

Literature Review: Factors Related to Burnout Syndrome in Hospital Nurses

2023-07-26T20:10:16+07:00

Background: Excellent service by hospitals is not far from the role of their workers, such as doctors, nurses, and other health workers and staff. Behind the hard work of health workers in providing services, they have a high risk of experiencing burnout syndrome. Research on burnout shows that the health profession ranks first with the most burnout, which is around 43%. Especially nurses who have an important role in patient recovery and safety. Not a few nurses experience fatigue due to their very heavy responsibilities. Therefore nurses have a great risk of suffering from burnout syndrome.

Purpose: To examine more deeply the factors associated with the incidence of burnout syndrome in hospital nurses.

Methods: This study is a systematic review with article searches used the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Article search used google scholar database. The inclusion criteria were articles published in national level journals, the year of publication of articles published in the last 5 years (2018-2023), research articles could be accessed in full (full text), and articles in Indonesian. Exclusion criteria in this study were the journal published in not more than 5 years, research outside the hospital, and full articles that could not be accessed.

Results: The dominating factor in the incidence of burnout syndrome in nurses based on the seven articles reviewed stated that the workload carried by nurses was the trigger. Nurses had other responsibilities that must be carried out in addition to nursing care which was their obligation, so the workload became hard. Other factors driving burnout in nurses included length of service, gender, age, and marital status.

Conclusion: The majority articles stated that workload was the dominant factor triggering burnout in hospital nurses. There were also other factors such as length of service, gender, age, and marital status.

Relationship of Mid-Upper Arm Circumference Measure (MUAC) in Pregnant Women to the Incidence of Low Birth Weight (LBW): Systematic Review

2023-09-19T14:11:17+07:00

Background: Indonesia is recorded as having a fairly high incidence of maternal and infant mortality compared to other developing countries. The number of deaths of newborn babies in 2015 was 33,278 cases, down from 32,007 cases in 2015 and 10,294 cases in the first quarter of 2017. Low Birth Weight (LBW) cases were one of the factors that led to infant deaths, amounting to 38,85 % of cases occur in Indonesia. Babies experience LBW if their birth weight does not reach 2,500 grams. The occurrence of LBW can be controlled by the nutritional condition of pregnant women. Maternal nutritional status at risk of LBW cases can be measured using anthropometry, namely Mid-Upper Arm Circumference Measure (MUAC) and Body Mass Index (BMI). Pregnant women have a high risk if the MUAC number is <23.5 cm and BMI <18.

Objectives: This literature study was conducted to analyze the influence of pregnant women's Mid-Upper Arm Circumference Measure (MUAC) on the risk of LBW.

Methods: This article was written using a systematic review method. The data sources for the articles were obtained from Science Direct literature articles, PubMed, Google Scholar and 10 relevant articles were obtained. Articles are limited to original research used with publication years 2017 to 2022.

Results: Exposure to infectious and non-infectious diseases can worsen the effects of malnutrition on pregnant women and the fetus they are carrying, thus having an impact on the occurrence of LBW. which is 20 times compared to the birth of a baby with ideal body weight.

Conclusions: This review concludes that MUAC of pregnant women has a strong relationship with LBW problems.

Literature Review: Strategies to Reduce Sodium Intake through Salt Reduction to Prevent Hypertension

2023-10-31T14:01:00+07:00

Background: The prevalence of hypertension is increasing globally year by year. The main risk factors for hypertension are lifestyle and high sodium diet. Sodium in food comes from salt. Salt is one of the ingredients commonly added to food to enhance the flavor of food. 1 gram of salt contains 40% sodium and 60% chloride. Sodium restriction through salt reduction needs to be implemented to prevent hypertension.

Objectives: This literature review aims to identify strategies implemented in different countries to reduce average daily sodium intake through salt reduction.

Methods: Article searched using PubMed and ScienceDirect databases with the results of screening articles that matched the criteria found 5 articles. After the article was obtained, articles were assessed and carried out to the stage of making a literature review.

Results: There were 5 articles that discussed the strategies for implementing daily sodium restriction through salt reduction that have been implemented in various countries. These strategies included public nutrition education, salt taxation, high salt content labeling and logos on packaging, and food reformulation

Conclusions: Strategies in several countries have been effective in limiting daily sodium through salt reduction. Nutrition education in the community is effective in increasing knowledge and understanding that leads to behavioral changes in salt reduction, salt taxation has the effect of decreasing consumer sales of high-salt packaged food products, and labeling and high salt content logos on packaging help consumers make low-salt food consumption choices, and food reformulation is used as a way to increase accessibility of low-salt foods.

Sensory Evaluation Analysis of Sausage Product Formulations with Substitution of Chicken Skin Substitutes: Literature Review

2024-04-27T15:33:09+07:00

Background: Chicken sausage is one of the most widely produced meat products with low production costs, using simple technology and minimal equipment. There is a lot of research has developed chicken sausage products by substituting chicken skin with other ingredients such as food fiber and by-products from other chicken cuts.

Objectives: analyze the quality of chicken sausage from the sensory side of products that experienced substituting raw chicken skin with other ingredients based on research on existing formulations.

Methods: this study used the literature review and comes from several journal database sources, such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct with articles criteria that discuss about development of chicken sausage food products made from chicken skin.

Results: Based on the results of a literature search, the results of 4 studies that examined sensory analysis of chicken sausage products were obtained after the chicken skin raw material was substituted with other ingredients.

Conslusion: The difference in sensory analysis results in the four studies was influenced by the ingredients used to substitute chicken skin. In addition, the differences in the selection and assessment of the panelists were influenced by each individual's perception of the product given the treatment.

Systematic Review: Tobacco Control and Coronary Artery Disease

2024-02-19T15:42:32+07:00

Backgrounds: The prevalence of cigarette consumption in Indonesia has reached a level that is cause for concern. Currently, more than one-third (36.3%) of Indonesia's population is classified as smokers. The World Health Organization (WHO) ranks Indonesia as the third-largest cigarette market in the world, after China and India. In fact, the prevalence of adult male smoking in Indonesia is the highest (68.8%) in the world, so tobacco consumption has many negative impacts on health, one of which is the main cause of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), such as coronary artery disease (CAD). Tobacco control is one of the efforts that can be made to prevent non-communicable diseases, namely coronary heart disease. Coronary artery disease is a pathological condition that arises due to the accumulation of atheroma in the blood vessels that supply blood to the heart, causing narrowing of the coronary arteries.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to identifying tobacco as the main cause of non-communicable diseases such as coronary artery disease and tobacco control policies

Methods: The method of this study is a literature review using PRISMA as a guide. Articles obtained from databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar with specific relevant keywords “tobacco AND coronary artery disease”, “tobacco AND Non-communicable disease”, “tobacco control”, and “tobacco policy”. Article restricted to only original study within 2019 until 2023.

Results: Tobacco control and prevention efforts that can be carried out regarding NCDs according to the 30 articles are controlling media by a massive pictorial warning; prohibition advertising, promotion, and sponsorship; controlling the price of tobacco by increasing the excise, tax, and selling price; restriction on smoking area, and smoking cessation therapy in a health facility that covered by insurance. Nicotine replacement therapy could be the choice for smoking cessation in CAD patients.

Conclusions: Since limited research on smoking cessation therapy, especially in patients with CAD, it is necessary to develop various therapeutic methods that are easier, affordable, and safe.

Literature review: Overview of the Implementation of Electronic Medical Records in Indonesian Hospitals based on Minister of Health Regulation (Permenkes) Number 24 of 2022 concerning Medical Records

2024-02-01T11:06:46+07:00

Background: Initially, all medical record documents in hospitals were managed conventionally (manually/written). However, along with the development of advances in information and communication technology and supported by new policies regarding Medical Records contained in the Regulation of the Minister of Health (Permenkes) of the Republic of Indonesia Number 24 of 2022 concerning Medical Records and direct appeals from the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia, now medical records are starting to shift from conventional to electronic based.

Objective: This study aims to determine an overview of the implementation of Electronic Medical Records (RME) in Indonesian hospitals.

Method: This research uses a literature review study by searching articles using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews & Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) method. The articles used are national articles searched via Google Scholar using Indonesian keywords, namely the challenges and implementation of electronic medical records in hospitals; challenges or obstacles to electronic medical records in Indonesian hospitals. Key words in English, namely challenges OR barriers to medical records in Indonesian Hospitals; challenges AND implementation of medical records in Indonesian Hospitals. Inclusion criteria were articles on the topic of challenges/barriers/obstacles to implementing electronic medical records in Indonesian hospitals, in the form of quantitative or qualitative research or a combination of both, in Indonesian or English, published between 2016-2023. The exclusion criteria are articles in the form of systematic reviews, literature reviews or community service.

Results: Challenges, constraints and barriers experienced by Indonesian hospitals in implementing electronic medical records such as those related to Human Resources (HR), facilities and infrastructure, resistant groups, network connections, no fixed Standard Operating Procedures (SOP), system which sometimes cause errors, financial, and computer and system security.

Conclusion: Implementation of Electronic Medical Records (RME) in Indonesian hospitals based on 19 articles that have been analyzed shows that hospitals are not ready to implement Electronic Medical Records (RME). This is supported by the challenges, constraints and obstacles experienced during the process of implementing Electronic Medical Records (RME). The government should directly review the challenges, constraints and obstacles that occur so that the policies issued can be implemented well by all hospitals in Indonesia.