Media Kedokteran Hewan

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2024-09-11T12:14:01+07:00

Streptococcus dysgalactiae Septic Arthritis of a Pre-Weaned Holstein Bull Calf - a Case Report

2024-01-22T20:14:09+07:00

Septic arthritis is a joint inflammation caused by an infectious agent. Septic arthritis takes a long time to heal, and as such it may have a significant economic impact. A one-month-old Friesian Holstein calf was lame and had swelling in the left carpal joint. Synovial fluid samples from the left carpal joint were used for bacterial identification, which use API Strept 20 (bioMérieux, Inc – USA). The identification results showed that septic arthritis was caused by Streptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies dysgalactiae,. Streptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies dysgalactiae play a significant role even though it plays a major role in mastitis in dairy cows.

Case Report: Cryptocaryonosis in Indian Ocean Oriental Sweetlips (Plectorhinchus vittatus) Fish at the Closed System Quarantine of the Jakarta Aquarium and Safari

2024-01-31T13:39:31+07:00

Cryptocaryon irritans, known as cryptocaryonosis disease infection in fish, is a significant problem for aquarists because they not only cause the disease but also lead to high mortality in the aquarium population. This case report aims to identify Cryptocaryon irritans infection in four Indian Ocean oriental sweetlips at the Jakarta Aquarium and Safari. Before they died, a total of four fish showed signs of weakness, scratching, excessive mucus, and pale gills. The diagnosis was confirmed through clinical assessment, physical examination, and microscopic analysis of skin scrape and gill clip samples, which revealed the presence of numerous trophonts (the young immature stages) of C. irritans. These findings underscore the importance of vigilant monitoring and prompt intervention to mitigate the impact of C. irritans, especially on marine aquarium fish populations.

Case Report : Management of Open Pyometra on the Persian Queen

2024-02-06T10:03:23+07:00

Pyometra commonly occurs in female cats. There are two types of pyometra: open pyometra and closed pyometra. Open pyometra refers to purulent and bloody discharge from the vulva, while closed pyometra does not have any vaginal discharge; however, there is an enlarged abdomen from the fluid-filled uterus. A 2-year-old Persian queen with an enlargement abdomen was clinically diagnosed with open pyometra as there was vaginal discharge. Additional examination, such as ultrasonography, was also performed to establish the diagnosis. Using ultrasonography, hyperechoic imaging clearly showed in the uterine lumen of the uterus. Based on the following examinations, an ovariohysterectomy was performed to eliminate the source of infection. Anti-inflammatory and antibiotic drugs were administered post-surgery, and the patient fully recovered after one week of intensive care.

A Case Report: Treatment of Anaplasmosis and Ectoparasitic Infestation in Mixed-Breed Golden Retriever Dog

2023-11-04T20:54:06+07:00

Anaplasmosis is a disease in dogs caused by intracellular gram-negative bacteria belonging to the Anaplasmataceae family. A 6-month-old mixed-breed golden retriever was examined at the Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University, with complaints of itching, tick infestation, weakness, and decreased appetite. The clinical examination revealed pale mucous membranes in the mouth and eye conjunctiva, as well as an infestation of Rhipicephalus ticks on the skin. Routine hematological examination indicated the presence of anemia and thrombocytopenia. Blood smear examination confirmed the presence of Anaplasma sp. Treatment was provided in a causative and supportive manner. Causative therapy involved the administration of doxycycline at a dose of 10 mg/kg body weight orally for twenty-eight days, ivermectin at a dose of 0.2 mg/kg body weight injected subcutaneously every two weeks for four weeks. Supportive therapy included the daily administration of Fufang E'jiao Jiang ^®(Dong E Ejiao Co, Ltd., Shandong, China) at 2 ml/day and Sangobion^® (PT. Merck Tbk, Jakarta, Indonesia) at one tablet per day for fourteen days. Treatment with doxycycline, ivermectin, Fufang E'jiao Jiang^®(Dong E Ejiao Co, Ltd., Shandong, China), and Sangobion^® (PT. Merck Tbk, Jakarta, Indonesia) resulted in a positive outcome for the dog, with improved activity, hair growth, good appetite, and the absence of ticks.

A Case Report: Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease in a Shih Tzu

2024-02-10T22:10:40+07:00

Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease (MMVD) is a degenerative condition of the mitral valve where it weakens and causes regurgitation, eventually leading to cardiac remodeling. Jason, a seven-year-old male Shih Tzu weighing 7.5 kg, was presented with a persistent cough and exercise intolerance lasting over a month. A physical examination revealed a Grade II/VI heart murmur. Radiography and echocardiography were performed as part of the laboratory examinations. Radiography demonstrated cardiac remodeling, with a VHS of 10.3 viscerocranial, an intercostal space of 3, and a VLAS of 2.3. Echocardiography unveiled left atrial enlargement, mitral valve regurgitation, and a reduction in heart function. The dog was treated with Pimobendan (Cardisure^® 10mg, Dechra, England) as an inodilatator at 0.25mg, Enalapril Maleate 0.5mg/kg (Tenace^® 5mg, Combiphar, Indonesia), and furosemide (Farsix^® 40mg, Fahrenheit, Indonesia) at 2 mg/kg via oral route twice a day over the course of seven days. Thereafter, the dose was reduced to 1.5 mg/kg PO twice a day for seven days, and eventually once a day for the remainder of the seven days. Following the three-week treatment, there was a significant reduction in the frequency and intensity of coughing.

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2024-09-11T12:12:19+07:00

Exploration of the Antibacterial Potential from Rice Eel Skin Mucus (Monopterus albus) Against Bacteria Aeromonas hydrophila, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus

2024-03-13T11:39:06+07:00

The skin mucus of the rice eel (Monopterus albus) contains various antibacterial compounds and has the potential as a synthetic antibiotic. This research was conducted to explore the potential antibacterial power of the rice eel skin mucus against some pathogenic bacteria in freshwater fish. The bacteria were isolated from five samples of rice eel cultivation ponds belonging to Mr. Sabwan and then challenged with the mucus of the eel's skin through diffusion tests using paper discs. The rice eel skin mucus tested its antibacterial activity against three species of freshwater bacteria, Aeromonas hydrophila, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus, by testing sensitivity and inhibitory zones. The inhibitory zones of each bacterium were measured using Vernier caliper which refers to the standardization of the inhibitory zone: < 4 mm no activity, 5-9 mm weak, 10- 14 mm medium, and > 15 mm strong. Test results showed that the eels' skin mucus could inhibit the growth of bacteria Aeromonas hydrophila, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus.

The Correlation between the Weight of Ovary, Number of Follicles, and Quality of Oocytes of Culling Female Bovine in Slaughterhouse

2024-02-15T10:35:17+07:00

The purpose of this research was to determine the correlation between the weight of the ovary, the number of follicles, and the quality of the oocytes from the culling female bovine obtained from the slaughterhouse. The variation may affect the potential of the ovary to produce follicles. Paired ovaries were obtained from female bovines. Follicle numbers were recorded and divided into three size categories (small: 3 mm, medium: < 3 mm-8 mm, and large: > 8 mm). Oocytes were aspirated and the number of oocytes was recorded and graded into four categories (grades A, B, C, and D). There was a positive correlation between the weight of the ovary and the number of follicles, which is 0.560 with the regression equation y = 3.52 + 0.501 x. There was a positive correlation between the number of follicles and the number of oocytes, which is 0.546 with the regression equation y =2.48 + 1.204 x. There was a positive correlation between the number of oocytes and the grade of oocytes, which is 0.520, with the regression equation y = 0.93 + 0.800 x. There was no correlation between the weight of the ovary and oocyte grade A, which is 0.013.

Cellulase Enzyme Production Using Actinobacillus sp. on Several Alternative Growth Media

2024-01-10T21:43:18+07:00

Cellulase enzymes are widely used in the food, beverage, animal feed, textile, and paper industries. The high cost of producing enzymes and low enzyme activity provides opportunities for using chemicals, and efforts are needed to produce cellulase enzymes economically through media optimization. This research aims to find alternative media that make it possible to produce cellulase enzymes with high activity. This research created a control media (M0) using pro-analysis chemicals and CMC as a carbon source. Three types of cellulolytic bacterial growth media were also created, consisting of technical chemicals, rice straw as a substrate, and different protein sources. M1: alternative media using urea as a protein source; M2: alternative media using powdered milk as a protein source; and M3: alternative media using chicken liver as a protein source. A total of 1% of cellulolytic bacteria (Actinobacillus sp.) was grown in each media and then incubated at 40°C for 33 hours at a speed of 140 rpm, and the production curve and cellulase enzyme activity were measured at every 3-hour interval. The results showed that the highest cellulase enzyme production was achieved at 24 hours using alternative media with powdered milk (M2) as a protein source. The cellulase enzyme activity produced was 2.9612 µ/ml.

Prevalence and Risk Factor of Repeat Breeder Syndrome in Dairy Cows in KUD Bebarengan Anggayuh Tentrem Urip, Batu City, East Java Province

2024-06-03T12:14:50+07:00

This study aims to contribute valuable insights to readers and serve as a reference for dairy farmers looking to enhance their operations. By examining the prevalence and risk factors associated with repeat breeder syndrome in dairy cows within the Village Unit Cooperation (KUD) Bebarengan Anggayuh Tentrem Urip, Batu City, East Java Province, this study aims to aid in preventing such occurrences and ultimately improve dairy cow productivity. The survey method was employed, utilizing data sourced from cooperative and farmer records, as well as observations, interviews, and questionnaire responses. Analysis revealed that out of 50 farmers owning a total of 281 cows, 30 farmers possessed a combined total of 58 dairy cows classified as repeat breeders. Consequently, the prevalence rate of repeat breeders among farmers was found to be 20.64%. Descriptive analysis was conducted on the collected data, with additional SPSS Chi-Square (X²) analysis performed to identify risk factors associated with repeat breeders. These risk factors include breeder experience, knowledge of reproduction and estrus phases, communication with artificial inseminators and veterinarians, housing conditions, as well as factors related to livestock feed and water.

Analysis of Swallow Nest Nitrite Levels and Export Volume Projections: A Statistical Approach to Quality Improvement and Global Market Development

2023-12-25T20:07:38+07:00

The global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is impacting public health and living systems. Edible Bird's Nest (EBN), one of the variants of Swallow's Nest (SBW), is recognized as a medicinal food. The potential of SBW as a therapeutic agent is gaining attention due to its ability to inhibit viral hemagglutination activity. This study provides information on the prediction of SBW demand in the coming year so that it can contribute to determining Indonesia's SBW export performance. Net weight data (tons) of SBW export time series were obtained for 10 years from 2012 to 2022 in 10 countries, namely: Hong Kong, China, Singapore, USA, Vietnam, Canada, Taiwan, Thailand, Japan, and Cambodia, combined with laboratory examination on nitrite levels conducted at the Surabaya Agricultural Quarantine Center, Indonesia. This study shows the minimum limit on nitrite levels in SBW exports and the need for SBW exports in the next four years. One of the requirements for SBW exports is the minimum limit of nitrite levels. The ARIMA method has been implemented to forecast SBW export demand in 10 countries for the next four years. SBW export demand in the next four years is expected to decline. The findings make a significant contribution as a source of information for decision-makers involved in SBW export activities.