Vesicovaginal fistula with surgical interventions at Dr. Ramelan Naval Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
Downloads
HIGHLIGHTS
- Vesicovaginal fistula (VVF) cases were primarily caused by hysterectomy, post-caesarean section surgery, and radiation therapy for cervical cancer. Symptoms experienced by patients included urine leakage from the vagina, foul odor, and pain during urination.
- The success rate of fistula repair using cystography and fistula repair procedures was very high. Patients were able to urinate normally without pain or vaginal leakage.
ABSTRACT
Objective: Evaluating the risk factors and outcoumes of surgical interventions in patients with vesicovaginal fistula at Dr. Ramelan Naval Hospital Surabaya, from January 2019 to December 2023.
Case Series: There were 6 cases of vesicovaginal fistula that underwent surgical interventions at Dr. Ramelan Naval Hospital Surabaya from 2019 to 2023 that met the inclusion criteria. The majority of vesicovaginal fistula cases occurred as a result of hysterectomy, accounting for 4 cases (67%), followed by caesarean section surgery (16%) and radiation therapy for cervical cancer (17%). Symptoms experienced by the patients included urine leakage from the vagina, foul odor, and pain during urination. The vesicovaginal fistulas that underwent surgical interventions were typically 0.5 to 3 cm in size. Most of the cases involved simple-type fistulas. A total of 5 cases (83%) were successfully repaired. These patients were able to urinate normally, without pain or vaginal leakage. However, 1 case (17%) experienced recurrent fistula with an increase in the number of fistulas and continued to experience pain during urination and leakage from the vagina, particularly during strenuous activities.
Conclusion: The vesicovaginal fistula cases at Dr. Ramelan Naval Hospital Surabaya from 2019 to 2023 showed a high therapeutic success rate. Among 6 patients that we studied, the majority of cases were caused by hysterectomy, characterized as simple-type fistulas, with 83% of the cases successfully repaired.
Mazuran B, Hrkac A, Habek D. Impact of the surgical approach, considering Goh classification, on long-term results in patients with vesicovaginal fistula repair. African J Urol [Internet]. 2022 Dec 1 [cited 2024 Aug 30];28(1):1–6. Available from: https://afju.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s12301-022-00289-4
Ndoye M, Greenwell T. Obstetric Fistula. Urin Fistula [Internet]. 2022 Jan 1 [cited 2024 Aug 30];4(18):197–228. Available from: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-15317-4_16
Narayanan P, Nobbenhuis M, Reynolds KM, Sahdev A, Reznek RH, Rockall AG. Fistulas in malignant gynecologic disease: Etiology, imaging, and management. Radiographics [Internet]. 2019 Jul [cited 2024 May 9];29(4):1073–83. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19605657/
Bashah DT, Worku AG, Mengistu MY. Consequences of obstetric fistula in sub Sahara African countries, from patients’ perspective: A systematic review of qualitative studies. BMC Womens Health [Internet]. 2018 Jun 20 [cited 2024 May 9];18(1). Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29925358/
Medlen H, Barbier H. Vesicovaginal Fistula. StatPearls [Internet]. 2023 Feb 6 [cited 2023 Jun 5]; Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK564389/
Rodjani A, Sandy NJ. Prevalence of urogynecology fistula in Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital from 2011-2017. Indones J Biomed Sci. 2021;15(1):48–50.
Stamatakos M, Sargedi C, Stasinou T, Kontzoglou K. Vesicovaginal Fistula: Diagnosis and Management. Indian J Surg. 2014;76(2):131–6.
Mukti NA, Mochtar AA, Wiyati PS. Kejadian Fistula Urogenital pada Perempuan di RSUP dr. Kariadi Semarang. J Kedokt Diponegoro [Internet]. 2018;7(1):293–308. Available from: http://ejournal3.undip.ac.id/index.php/medico
Djusad S, Sonia A, Natanael A. Characteristics of Patients with Obstetric and Gynecologic Fistula in Jakarta. Indones J Obstet Gynecol. 2017;212.
National Health Service England. What is a vesico-vaginal fistula? How does a fistula develop? [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2024 May 9]. Available from: www.mft.nhs.uk
Tuma F, McKeown DG, Al-Wahab Z. Rectovaginal Fistula [Internet]. 2023. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK535350/
Adler AJ, Ronsmans C, Calvert C, Filippi V. Estimating the prevalence of obstetric fistula: A systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth [Internet]. 2013 Dec 30 [cited 2024 May 9];13. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24373152/
Barageine JK, Tumwesigye NM, Byamugisha JK, Almroth L, Faxelid E. Risk factors for obstetric fistula in western uganda: A case control study. PLoS One. 2014 Nov 17;9(11):1–8.
Mourad MS, Higazy AMGA. Complications of Vaginal Fistula Repair. Urin Fistula [Internet]. 2022 Jan 1 [cited 2024 Aug 30];4(23):333–41. Available from: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-15317-4_24
Romanova A, Sifri Y, Gaigbe-Togbe B, Menhaji K, Tran A, Hardart A, et al. Complications After Vesicovaginal Fistula Repair Based on Surgeon Specialty in the United States: Analysis of a National Database. Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg [Internet]. 2022 Mar 1 [cited 2024 Aug 30];28(3):E120–6. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35272345/
Chinthakanan O, Sirisreetreerux P, Saraluck A. Vesicovaginal Fistulas: Prevalence, Impact, and Management Challenges. Med [Internet]. 2023;59(11):1–12. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59111947
El-Azab AS, Abolella HA, Farouk M. Update on vesicovaginal fistula: A systematic review. Arab J Urol [Internet]. 2019 Jan 2 [cited 2024 May 9];17(1):61–8. Available from: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/2090598X.2019.1590033
Streit–Ciećkiewicz D, Nowakowski Ł, Grzybowska ME, Futyma K. Predictive value of classification systems and single fistula-related factors in surgical management of vesicovaginal fistula. Neurourol Urodyn [Internet]. 2021 Jan 1 [cited 2024 May 9];40(1):529–37. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33305857/
Selzler Z, Hilton A, Gomez N, Quezada Y. Vesicovaginal fistula repair: review of surgical technique in a unique case of recurrence. Am J Obstet Gynecol [Internet]. 2022 Mar 1 [cited 2024 Aug 30];226(3):S1366. Available from: http://www.ajog.org/article/S0002937821029112/fulltext
Theofanides MC, Sui W, Sebesta EM, Onyeji I, Matulay JT, Chung DE. Vesicovaginal fistulas in the developed world: An analysis of disease characteristics, treatments, and complications of surgical repair using the ACS-NSQIP database. Neurourol Urodyn. 2017;36(6):1622–8.
Copyright (c) 2025 Sahika Nisandi Ayudelvi, Risa Najmi, Ritma Visi Amala; Rizka Indah Ramadina, Salma Inas Konitatunisa; Mita Herdiyantini, Dian Ardiana
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
1. Copyright of the article is transferred to the journal, by the knowledge of the author, whilst the moral right of the publication belongs to the author.
2. The legal formal aspect of journal publication accessibility refers to Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-Share alike (CC BY-NC-SA), (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/)
3. The articles published in the journal are open access and can be used for non-commercial purposes. Other than the aims mentioned above, the editorial board is not responsible for copyright violation
The manuscript authentic and copyright statement submission can be downloaded ON THIS FORM.
