Jurnal Politik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Politics)

Analysis of political reciprocity in the coalition strategy of Prabowo-Gibran in the 2024 general election

Muhammad Dzaky Ramadhan, Doni Hendrik, Asrinaldi — Fri, 27 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This study aims to examine the political coalition between Prabowo Subianto and Gibran Rakabuming Raka in the 2024 Presidential Election, using the concepts of political reciprocity and social exchange theory. The coalition brings together two figures with distinct characteristics and voter bases: Prabowo, an experienced political figure with a conservative voter base, and Gibran, a younger figure targeting progressive voters, particularly from the millennial and Gen Z generations. This research highlights the relationship between the two figures in forming a mutually beneficial coalition through strategic political resource exchanges. The introduction outlines the importance of political coalitions in the 2024 election as a key factor for victory. The coalition between Prabowo and Gibran aims to combine their political strengths and maximize electoral opportunities. The social exchange theory applied in this study reveals that the coalition is essentially a transaction involving the exchange of political resources between the involved parties. This includes political support, legitimacy, and access to a wider voter network. Additionally, the study investigates the role of media in introducing and shaping the political image of both figures. Mass media, both traditional and social, plays a crucial role in shaping public perception of the political alliance and influencing voter opinions ahead of the election. The analysis also examines how the coalition impacts the dynamics of political parties, with Gerindra and Golkar playing pivotal roles in supporting the pair. By applying political reciprocity and social exchange theories, this study offers insights into how political alliance strategies function in the context of Indonesia's 2024 election.

Voting behavior of the people of Dharmasraya Regency in the 2019 presidential election

Rino Adi Prasetyo — Fri, 27 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research is motivated by the declaration of support actions carried out by 12 regents and mayors in West Sumatra Province for the presidential candidate Joko Widodo – Ma’ruf Amin in the 2019 presidential election. Despite being endorsed by the winning party in Dharmasraya, PDI-P, and the Regent of Dharmasraya having declared support, Jokowi - Ma'ruf only obtained 30.69% of the votes, while Prabowo - Sandi secured 69.31% of the votes in Dharmasraya. Furthermore, Dharmasraya Regency has a multicultural society, with the majority of the population being of Minangkabau and Javanese ethnicities. Therefore, the research problems formulated in this study are: 1) How is the relationship between the declaration of support by the Dharmasraya Regent for the presidential candidate Joko Widodo-Ma’ruf Amin and the voting behavior of Dharmasraya's community in the 2019 Presidential Election; and 2) how is the relationship between ethnicity and the voting behavior of Dharmasraya's community in the 2019 Presidential Election. The theories utilized in this research are the rational choice theory of voting behavior and the sociological theory of voting behavior. The method employed is quantitative research with a explanatory study design. Data were collected through questionnaire distribution, and respondents were selected using multistage cluster random sampling method. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 26 with cross-tabulation analysis and hypothesis testing using the Chi-Square test. Based on these tests, it was concluded that the perception of the declaration of support (X1) has a significant relationship with a strong correlation to the variable of voting behavior of the Dharmasraya community (Y). Additionally, the ethnicity variable (X2) has a significant relationship with a moderate correlation to the variable of voting behavior of the Dharmasraya community (Y).

Keywords: Voting Behavior, Dharmasraya, Ethnicity, Declaration of Support, Presidential Election.

Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh adanya aksi deklarasi dukungan yang dilakukan oleh 12 Bupati dan Walikota di Provinsi Sumatera Barat kepada pasangan calon presiden Joko Widodo – Ma’ruf Amin pada Pilpres tahun 2019. Meskipun diusung oleh partai pemenang pemilu yaitu PDI-P, dan Bupati Dharmasraya sudah melakukan aksi deklarasi dukungan, ternyata Jokowi - Ma’ruf hanya memperoleh 30,69% suara, dan Prabowo - Sandi memperoleh 69,31% suara di Dharmasraya. Selain itu, Kabupaten Dharmasraya juga memiliki masyarakat yang multikultur, mayoritas penduduknya bersuku bangsa Minangkabau dan Jawa. Oleh karena itu, rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah: (1) Bagaimana hubungan deklarasi dukungan Bupati Dharmasraya kepada pasangan calon presiden Joko Widodo-Ma’ruf Amin dengan perilaku memilih masyarakat Dharmasraya pada Pemilihan Presiden Tahun 2019, dan (2) bagaimana hubungan antara etnisitas dengan perilaku memilih masyarakat Dharmasraya pada Pemilihan Presiden Tahun 2019. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori perilaku memilih mazhab rasional dan teori perilaku memilih mazhab sosiologis. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian eksplanatif. Data diperoleh melalui penyebaran kuesioner, dan responden dipilih menggunakan metode multistage cluster random sampling. Analisis data menggunakan aplikasi SPSS 26 dengan analisis tabulasi silang serta pengujian hipoteses menggunakan uji hubungan Chi-Square. Berdasarkan pengujian tersebut makan diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa, persepsi deklarasi dukungan (X1) memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan kekuatan hubungan yang mantap terhadap variabel perilaku memilih masyarakat Dharmasraya (Y). Dan variabel etnisitas (X2) memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan kekuatan hubungan yang sedang terhadap variabel perilaku memilih masyarakat Dharmasraya (Y).

Analysis of the political system flow model in the ratification process of Net Zero Emissions (NZE) in Indonesia

Syuryansyah, Ridha Amalia — Fri, 27 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This article uses the Easton theory approach to analyse the political system flow model in Indonesia's Net Zero Emissions (NZE) Policy. The primary focus of this study is on the input, output, and feedback sections in the political system that support the NZE policy. The method used is qualitative with descriptive analysis to explain each section of the political system flow model. Data collection techniques are done through literature reviews, relevant articles, and news on handling climate change in Indonesia. Based on the results of the study, in the input section, there is significant support and demand from various parties, including the community, global social movements, the private sector, and international organisations such as the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). These diverse stakeholders play a crucial role in shaping and supporting the NZE policy. In the output section, various regulations and policies that have been ratified have been produced, such as the ratification of the 2016 Paris Agreement, the National Action Plan for Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions (RAN GRK), the National Energy General Plan (RUEN), and the REDD+ Initiative. In the feedback section, the output produced shows positive feedback from both the international and domestic communities, reflecting the effectiveness and acceptance of the NZE policy in Indonesia.

Federal character policy implementation and governance in Nigeria

Gabriel Izokpu Oikhala, Dauda Momodu Giwah — Fri, 27 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Against the backdrop that the crisis of governance in Nigeria will be resolved with adoption of equitable representation of people from their various tribes to participate in public service; the 1979 Constitution of Nigeria introduced the Federal Character Policy. Even with this, Nigeria is still battling with politics of trying to conciliate the regional blocs to solve governance crisis. This paper examined the state of federal character policy in the governance process of Nigeria. The paper is theoretical in nature and it relied on data sourced from relevant textbooks, journals, newspapers, and other official records. Descriptive method was used to analyse the data. Using the participation approach as theoretical framework, the paper found out that the federal character policy was good to protect the interest of minority groups, and promote national patriotism and unity in diversity. The paper also found out that the federal character policy was badly implemented as it was hijacked by ethno-regional patrons in the North, South and East to serve their selfish interests which have deepened the governance crisis in Nigeria. The paper concluded that the federal character policy has not been implemented to improve governance process Nigeria. It recommended among others that Nigeria should have leadership that will not allow the federal character policy to be hijacked by one or a few ethno-regional patrons to pursue their selfish interests.

An evaluation of Indonesia's open proportional electoral system and its impact on party fragmentation in the 2024 general election

Bella Argoebie, Cindy, Muhammad Raffata Umar, Lia Wulandari — Fri, 27 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This study looks at how the open-list proportional voting system in Indonesia affects political division and democratic representation in the 2024 elections. The research will find out if this system increases diversity in party beliefs or just creates more parties without really improving representation. Using a qualitative case study method, the research reviews secondary data from election results, party beliefs, and existing research to evaluate how the system affects political stability and leadership. The findings show that while the open-list system has improved political involvement by allowing voters to choose candidates directly, it has not significantly increased ideological representation.Mst parties are focused on a nationalist-Islamic direction, with some exceptions like the the Labor Party and PSI. Even though many parties are emerging, the division is mostly surface-level because major parties, like the Koalisis Indonesia Maju Plus, tend to centralize power instead of creating healthy competition. The system also worsens problems like high campaign cost, poor candidate management by parties, and money-driven politics, reducing its democratic value. The study concludes that the open-list system increases voter independence but needs changes to address its weaknesses. Suggested improvements include adopting a mixed voting system, developing party members better, improving voter education, and implementing stricter rules on campaign financing. These actions would help balance democratic representation with political stability and match the system with Indonesia’s constitutional principle of popular sovereignty.The research contributes to discussions on electoral reform and offers policy suggestions to strengthen Indonesia's democratic governance.

The development of Indonesian mass media: An analysis of political power and its influence on democracy

Indah Sakina, Doni Hendrik — Fri, 27 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This study aims to analyze the development of mass media in Indonesia after the 1998 Reform, focusing on its relationship with political power and its impact on democracy. Using a descriptive qualitative method, the study analyzes documents, literature, and relevant news archives to understand the dynamics of media in the context of politics and democracy. Data was collected through literature review and content analysis of mass media that have evolved since the Reform era. The results show that mass media plays a crucial role in shaping public opinion, influencing political policies, and strengthening democracy in Indonesia. Since the Reform era, media has undergone significant transformation, becoming freer and more diverse, as well as serving as a channel for social control over power. However, several challenges remain, such as dependence on political interests and media owners, which affect the independence of news reporting. Additionally, rapid digital disruption and the spread of hoaxes further degrade the quality of information received by the public, lowering trust in the media. Other findings indicate that, despite efforts to maintain its role in democracy, professionalism and journalistic ethics are often neglected in an attempt to meet market demands and political interests. This study concludes that mass media must continue to maintain independence, enhance professionalism, and adhere to journalistic ethics to strengthen democracy in Indonesia, while addressing the challenges in the increasingly complex digital and political era.