Jurnal Promkes: The Indonesian Journal of Health Promotion and Health Education

`Socio-Demographic Association with Nutritional Status in Children Aged 8-9 Years Old in Surabaya: Focusing on HAZ Status in Path Analysis

2024-10-25T12:39:22+07:00

Background: Child health, growth, and nutrition are influenced by socioeconomic, cultural, demographic, climatic, nutrition, physical, hygiene, sanitation, medical, and environmental factors. LAZ/HAZ was used to assess the presence of 'stunting' in the population, which indicates chronic malnutrition. Objectives: to investigate the socio-demographics, lifestyle (sleep duration, screen time) and HAZ status of children in 2nd and 3rd grade of elementary school, and the correlation of socio-demographics with the anthropometric parameters. Methods: An observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted during October – December 2022 in Surabaya, involving healthy children aged 9-10 years old who were in 2nd and 3rd grade of elementary school. Results: BMI-for-age z-score was higher in males than females. Overweight/obesity were prevalent in males (15.16% vs. 10.67%), and underweight and severely underweight were prevalent in females (12.27% vs. 14.23%). The prevalence of stunted/severely stunted was 12.39%. HAZ and WAZ were correlated positively with parental height. The number of children in the household had a negative, weak correlation with HAZ. The maternal education showed that the prevalence of maximal elementary school graduation was higher in stunted children than in normal children (29.27% vs. 18.14%, p=0.043). Fathers' salaries below minimum regional wage were more prevalent among stunted and severely stunted (81.71% and 75%, respectively) than normal subjects (60%), p=0.007. Conclusion: Socio-demographic factors affecting the prevalence of stunting in children were the father's salary and maternal education. Meanwhile, factors associated with HAZ were parental height and number of children in the household. The effect of socio-demography on HAZ was mediated by parental education, which stimulates household economics and has a further effect on food intake and child anthropometrics.

Adolescent Experiences and their Views on Social Values Related to the Phenomenon of Verbal Sexual Harassment “Catcalling”: A Qualitative Study

2024-10-30T16:21:31+07:00

Background: Verbal sexual harassment, “catcalling,” has been experienced by many adolescents. In 2018, the National Study on Sexual Harassment and Assault released that 38% of men and 77% of women aged 18 years and above had experienced verbal sexual harassment. Victims' experiences are often ignored because society perceives them as catcalling, not abuse. Objectives: This study aims to identify the experiences and views of adolescents regarding social values related to verbal sexual harassment otherwise known as “catcalling”. Methods: Researchers used a qualitative approach with a phenomenological design which was conducted in March 2022. The sample was selected using a purposive sampling technique involving 26 informants aged 12-23. The key informants comprised eight victims, two perpetrators, and sixteen non-victims. Meanwhile, expert key informants were the Head of WCC Palembang Companion, the Head of the Women's Protection Division at the Palembang PPPAPM Office and the Head of the Division for Prevention of Bullying and Sexual Violence on Campus. Results: The results indicate that most informants know about catcalling. However, it is often underestimated because it has become common, and there are no sanctions for the perpetrators. Generally, catcalling occurs in crowded places such as roadsides and men's hangouts. Catcalling is usually done by strangers, especially to women for fun, and society tends to negatively stigmatize victims. Conclusions: It is hoped that those around the victim can provide positive support. In addition, the government and educational institutions need to increase education and establish clear regulations to prevent sexual harassment, including catcalling.

Assessment of Knowledge, Perception, and Attitude of Health Cadres Toward Zoonotic Diseases in Rural Area, Malang Regency

2024-10-24T13:48:44+07:00

Background: Zoonotic diseases are infections transmitted between animals and humans. Human life is closely intertwined with animals, as many people live alongside animals, consume animal meat, and so forth, which increases their exposure to zoonotic infections. Objectives: This study aims to assess the level of knowledge, perception, and attitude of health cadres toward zoonotic diseases in rural area of Malang Regency. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional approach with a sample size of 108 selected using simple random sampling in rural area of Malang Regency. Data were collected through a questionnaire, including respondent characteristics as well as predisposing, knowledge, perception, and attitude factors for zoonotic diseases. Data were analyzed using a chi-square test for bivariate analysis and a logistic regression test for multivariate analysis. Results: The average age of respondents was 48.1±14,3 years the majority graduating from elementary school (47.2%) and working as farmers (63.9%). The average knowledge score on zoonotic diseases was 8.0 ± 3.9, with 63.9% of respondents scoring below average. The average perception score was 13.4 ± 1.8, with 44.4% of respondents scoring below average. Additionally, 63.9% of respondents had below-average attitude scores (17.3±2,2). The level of education and occupation had a significant relationship with the level of knowledge, perception, and attitude of respondents. Conclusions: The results indicate that the knowledge, perceptions, and attitudes of respondents toward zoonotic diseases are still insufficient. There is a need for enhanced education in this disease to improve public understanding and facilitate early detection.

Fostering a Healthy Psychosocial Environment for Adolescents: The Role of Health Promoting School in Sukoharjo District

2024-10-31T09:45:41+07:00

Background: Adolescent mental health is increasingly a global concern, particularly within the school environment. This study aims to analyze the role of schools in supporting mental health and creating a healthy psychosocial environment as part of health promotion efforts in Sukoharjo District. Methods: This study uses an evaluation study approach with qualitative method was used, with in-depth interviews conducted with 25 informants from 10 junior high schools, selected through purposive sampling. Data were analyzed thematically, based on the WHO's Health Promoting School elements and CDC’s 6 mental health strategies in schools. Results: The school has implemented several efforts, such as counseling by providing guidance services with counseling guidance teachers (BK), spiritual activities with the aim of encouraging to focus on student awareness and counseling activities, character education, increasing welfare by providing activities such as student councils and family involvement to increase the impact of interventions on the level of social anxiety in adolescent environments although not all mental health strategies are explicitly implemented. Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of social support and a healthy environment in promoting mental health. Schools are advised to strengthen collaboration with mental health professionals and improve access to mental health services for students.

Understanding Mental Health Challenges in the Elderly: Insights from the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ) at Sempaja Healthcare Center

2024-10-29T16:14:42+07:00

Background: Indonesia's aging population is expanding rapidly, leading to a rise in elderly individuals confronting serious health challenges. The primary mental health issue in this group is excessive stress, which is often associated with emotional disorders, social isolation, and a reduced quality of life. To address this, the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia has established mental health screening policies to improve healthcare quality for the elderly. Nonetheless, further exploration of the prevalence and characteristics of mental health issues in this population is essential to inform effective interventions. Objectives: This study aims to offer an overview of mental health among the elderly within the Sempaja Healthcare Center's service area. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ) for data collection. Consecutive sampling was applied, resulting in a sample size of 99 elderly participants. The SRQ identified symptoms of mental health disorders, and the data were analyzed to assess the prevalence and characteristics of these mental health concerns. Results: Among the 99 participants, 40 elderly participants were identified as having mental health issues. Most elderly individuals with mental health disorders experienced emotional disorders (42.5%), with the majority in the 60–74 age group (90%), female (55%), having completed primary education (45%), unemployed (72.5%), and married (70%). These findings indicate that certain demographic groups are more vulnerable to mental health challenges. Conclusions: This study emphasizes the importance of the need for targeted mental health screenings and interventions for the elderly, especially among high-risk groups. Strengthening mental health services and promoting educational programs that address stress management and social support may significantly improve the well-being and quality of life of elderly individuals through mental health screening and addressing mental health issues among the elderly population.

The Effectiveness of Audiovisual Media and Snakes and Ladders Games on Increasing Knowledge and Skills of Brushing Teeth in Early Childhood Jambi City

2024-10-25T21:58:49+07:00

Background: Dental health is the most important part of general oral health, especially during a child's growth and development. Children with dental caries experience loss of chewing ability and problems with digestion, resulting in disruption of growth and development. Dental caries in children is still a fairly high prevalence problem in Indonesia. Aims: This research aimed to see the effect of audiovisual media to Increasing Knowledge and Skills of Brushing Teeth in Early Childhood. Methods: This study used a pretest-posttest control group design. The subjects of this study were PAUD students in Jambi City with a 1:1 ratio of respondents, where the experimental group was 40 students and the control group was 40 students. Primary data can be collected through various methods, such as surveys, interviews, direct observation, or scientific experiments. Data analysis employed the paired t-test. Results: The measurable test shows a p-value of 0.000 < 0.05. It indicates that the understanding of the students in the intervention group and the control group differs significantly. The analysis's findings indicate a significant difference between the students' skills in the intervention group and the control group, with a p-value of 0.000 <0.05. Conclusion: Audiovisual media and snake and ladders games are effective in increasing knowledge and skill of brushing teeth in early childhood.

Exploration of Anime “A Silent Voice” as a Media for Mental Health Education: Thematic Analysis of Audience Reactions on YouTube

2024-10-25T18:25:01+07:00

Background: A Silent Voice tells the story of Shoya Ishida, a teenager involved in bullying Shoko Nishimiya, a hearing-impaired girl. The anime touches on deep themes such as bullying, guilt, self-acceptance, and healing, making it a valuable medium for mental health discussion and education. Objectives: To explore the anime A Silent Voice as a medium for mental health education. Methods: This study used social media reactions with a thematic analysis approach. The research began with a YouTube search for videos discussing the anime, resulting in four videos with the highest views and comments. Audience comments from June to August 2024 were extracted and selected, then analyzed to identify common themes related to anime and mental health. Results: Discussion comments related to the anime A Silent Voice had 237 identified conversations discussing anime and mental health. The major topics discussed in the discussion are bullying; self-acceptance; suicide; the impact of watching anime; opinions and lessons learned from anime; and opinions on characters in anime. The conversations highlighted the profound impact on viewers, especially those who have experienced depression, bullying, or isolation. Conclusions: The anime A Silent Voice is seen as a highly impactful and emotionally resonant movie that addresses themes of self-acceptance, empathy, and personal growth, which leaves a deep impression on its audience. This research is limited to discussions on YouTube comments. Further research must be conducted to determine the effectiveness of the anime A Silent Voice on viewer’s mental health.

Happiness Uncovered: Exploring Subjective Well-being among Female Students in Islamic Boarding School

2024-10-23T16:29:59+07:00

Background: Subjective well-being is a measurement that can be used to integrate mental health as disease prevention and health promotion. Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship between subjective well-being and mental health in female students at an Islamic boarding school. Methods: This study is an observational analytic with a cross-sectional approach. The population is 179 female students; 100 samples were obtained using simple random sampling. The variables in this study are subjective well-being and mental health, optimism, gratitude, and self-esteem. Bivariate data analysis used the Spearman correlation test. Discussion: The result found that female students have moderate subjective well-being (66%), moderate mental health (52%), high optimism (84%), high gratitude (60%), and high self-esteem (77%). Correlation analysis shows that there is a relationship between optimism and subjective well-being (0.00<0.05), there is a relationship between gratitude and subjective well-being (0.019<0.05), there is no relationship between self-esteem and subjective well-being (0.619>0.05), and there is a relationship between subjective well-being and mental health (0.04<0.05). Conclusion: Al-Husna Islamic boarding school can maintain subjective well-being in several ways, including by providing learning and education to see life positively, healthy ways of giving thanks, training in positive thinking, and self-development linked to Islamic teachings.

Is Adolescent Physical Literacy Linked to Their Mental Health?

2024-10-23T18:30:21+07:00

Background: More than 10% of adults in Indonesia experience mental and emotional disorders. Previous research has concluded that mental health is related to a person's physical literacy. Objectives: This study explores the relationship between physical literacy and mental health among adults in Semarang City, Indonesia, emphasizing the mediating role of various physical literacy domains. Methods: This observational study used a cross-sectional design with 610 participants chosen by stratified selection. Physical literacy and mental health were evaluated using the Perceived Physical Literacy Questionnaire (PPLQ) and the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20), respectively. All data acquired during interviews with trained enumerators were then processed using Stata. The data was then evaluated with the Spearman Rank test. Results: The study included more women than men. They were largely high school and college students who weren't yet married. The respondents' physical literacy remained moderate, while their mental health remained good/free of unhealthy mental issues. Bivariate analysis revealed that higher levels of physical literacy were linked to better mental health outcomes, particularly in the categories of physical ability, knowledge, and motivation. Age and education levels also have a substantial impact on mental health. Conclusions: Physical literacy has a substantial impact on mental health among adults in Semarang City.

The Effect of Family Clean and Healthy Living Behavior Education (PHBS) on the Prevention of Diarrhea in Toddlers

2024-10-26T16:20:12+07:00

Background: Diarrhea is a public health problem that is experienced by many developing countries such as Indonesia, because there are still many people who do not implement PHBS (Clean and Healthy Living Behavior) properly so that the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers is still a potential Extraordinary Event (KLB) which is very often accompanied by death. Objectives: The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of family PHBS education on the prevention of diarrhea in toddlers in Ambunten District, Sumenep Regency. Methods: This study is a quantitative study with a quasi experimental design. The population in this study is mothers who have toddlers under 5 years old. The sample of 66 respondents uses a random sampling technique is obtained. Data was collected using a diarrhea prevention questionnaire. Results: The results of the study before being given education to the treatment group and control group were mostly sufficient. Results: The results of the study after being educated in the treatment group and control group were good with the number of p value = 0.000 which means that there is an effect of family PHBS education on the prevention of diarrhea in toddlers under 5 years old in Ambunten District, Sumenep Regency. Conclusion: Health workers can provide counseling about household PHBS to mothers who have toddlers under 5 years old, so that they can apply PHBS properly and correctly in order to reduce the mortality rate in toddlers caused by diarrhea.

Spiritual Approach and Tiered Counselling as a Non-Pharmacological Therapy to Control Smoking Behavior of Elderly Women in Dieng

2024-11-08T09:51:12+07:00

Background: The religious atmosphere and various efforts to prevent smoking behavior in the Dieng Plateau have not raised awareness of smoking cessation, especially for elderly female smokers, even though the number of Acute Respiratory Tract infections and chronic respiratory disorders is increasing. To reduce smoking behavior, tiered counseling efforts and spiritual approaches can be used as alternative steps. Objectives: This research was to determine the reduction in smoking rates among elderly women in the Dieng Plateau after being given a spiritual approach as a non-pharmacological therapy. Methods: The type of research used was a quasi-experiment that provided pharmacological therapy (spiritual approach) to the control and intervention groups. Results: The research results showed that the smoking reduction rate was more significant after being given the spiritual approach intervention than the tiered counselling. The mean knowledge of the spiritual approach group was (95.37) and the tiered counselling group was (91.96) with a mean difference of 3.41. Therefore, health promotion using a spiritual approach is more effective in increasing the willingness of elderly women to control their smoking behavior compared to the multi-level counseling media. Conclusion: This study concludes that a spiritual approach is more effective than tiered counselling in reducing smoking rates among elderly female smokers in the Dieng Plateau. However, integrating both methods can better empower elderly women to control their smoking behavior and improve their overall health outcomes.

Awakening Anti-Bullying Awareness through the "Find Friends" Game in the Boarding School Environment

2024-10-25T22:59:03+07:00

Background: Indonesia ranks 4th in violence cases and 2nd in bullying cases worldwide, following Japan. Bullying, increasingly common in school environments, has become a public health issue. Alarmingly, bullying incidents have infiltrated even morally-focused educational settings like Islamic boarding schools. This necessitates effective interventions to raise awareness and curb bullying. The interactive edutainment game "Find Friends," designed for group play, holds promise as a tool to build awareness and encourage positive behavior change in a fun, engaging manner. Objectives: This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the "Find Friends" game in increasing anti-bullying awareness among students at an Islamic boarding school and promoting positive behavioral changes. Methods: A pre-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design was used in this intervention study, conducted in August 2024 at Pondok Pesantren X, Sukoharjo District. All 31 junior high school students participated as respondents. Data were collected through a checklist assessment and analyzed using the Wilcoxon test. Results: The findings showed no statistically significant difference in students’ knowledge and attitudes toward bullying behavior, although there was a 4.8% increase in the average knowledge scores from pre-test to post-test on anti-bullying awareness. Conclusion: Although "Find Friends" demonstrated potential in boosting anti-bullying awareness, students' knowledge levels on bullying behavior did not significantly change in this study. Factors such as pre-existing knowledge from school may have influenced the results. Future studies with larger samples and extended intervention periods are recommended to explore the deeper impact of the game and to refine its methods for enhanced effectiveness.

The Potential of Korean Drama as Edutainment Media to Improve Mental Health Literacy: Content Analysis of “Daily Dose of Sunshine”

2024-10-23T22:49:01+07:00

Background: Mental health literacy is currently very much needed considering the high rates of psychological issues in Indonesia and the stigma that still exists towards individuals with psychological issues. The emergence of the Korean Wave in Indonesia has made Korean dramas one of the potential media for enhancing mental health literacy. Objective: This research aims to analyze the content (characters, setting, visual codes, and key messages) related to mental health that conveyed through the drama “Daily Dose of Sunshine”. Methods: This study uses a qualitative method with John Fiske's semiotic analysis, including analysis at the levels of reality, representation, and ideology. Results: The reality analysis focuses on visual elements, display code, dress code, makeup code, how-to-speak code, gesture code, expression code, and environment code that depict the interaction between health workers, mental health clinic patients, and their families. The representation analysis focuses on the dialogue analysis, which contains key messages about mental health. The representation analysis results indicate six key messages conveyed through the dialogue between health workers and individuals with psychological disorders. In the ideology analysis, key mental health messages were found, including the importance of managing stress for mental health; the importance of seeking professional mental health help; the issue of stigma towards people with psychological disorders; the dangers of self-diagnosis; the role of family in supporting the recovery of individuals with psychological disorders; and the notion that anyone can experience psychological disorders. Conclusion: From this study, it can be seen that Korean dramas are a form of edutainment media that can disseminate key mental health messages to a broad audience. Therefore, it is hoped that there will be further development of health promotion media in the form of series to promote health issues in Indonesia, particularly regarding mental health and well-being.

Exclusive Breastfeeding and Educational Attainment of Mother Correlate with Stunting Problem in Musi Rawas Regency

2024-10-25T21:40:20+07:00

Introduction: Stunting is a growth condition reflected in a height-for-age or length-for-age that is below -2 standard deviations. It is identified by Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as a priority objective for global health improvement. Objective: This study aimed to determine the factors that contribute to stunting in children younger than 5 years. Methods: The study adopted a cross-sectional design and a sample of 150 children under the age of 5 whose mothers were the respondents, was selected using the purposive sampling method. Data were collected through questionnaire interviews and anthropometric measurements. Results: The results showed that 28% of children were stunted, with 54.7% being male and 58% not exclusively breastfed. Approximately 60.7% and 57.3% had fathers with a history of smoking and mothers with high education, respectively. The mothers of 74% were unemployed, while 80.7% of the stunted children were from low-income families. Based on statistical analysis, stunting had a significant correlation with a history of exclusive breastfeeding were significantly correlated (p = 0.01) and educational attainment of mothers (p = 0.04). Conclusion: The prevalence of stunting remained high compared to the national norm. The incidence was correlated with the educational attainment of mothers and the duration of exclusive breastfeeding. Therefore, mothers should be educated about the value of exclusive breastfeeding to avoid the condition.

Management Visit Evaluation to Improve the Quality of Ponek Services at Bhakti Wira Tamtama Hospital Semarang

2024-10-28T22:09:52+07:00

Background: All hospital staff, both functional and managerial, are responsible for continuous quality improvement. Bhakti Wira Tamtama Hospital in Semarang has committed to sustainable quality improvement. This commitment is embodied in the innovative work program of the Hospital Quality and Patient Safety Committee (KMKP) of Bhakti Wira Tamtama Hospital in the form of Management Grand Rounds. This innovative work program involving management visits by the Quality and Patient Safety Committee at Bhakti Wira Tamtama Hospital has been implemented for about three years but has not been evaluated for its effectiveness. Objective: To evaluate the Management Visit in the Ponek Department of Bhakti Wira Tamtama Hospital Semarang. Methods: The type of research used in this study is a Mixed-method research design known as The Explanatory Sequential Design. Mixed Method research is a method for analyzing, collecting, and blending quantitative and qualitative research methods within a single study to understand the research problem better. Results: The Influence of Internal Factors on Staff Perception Based on the hypothesis testing results, a P-Value of 0.179. The Influence of Staff Perception on Service Quality Improvement Based on the hypothesis testing results, a P-Value of 0.000 was obtained. Conclusion: Internal factor variables have no significant influence on staff perception. There is a significant influence between the staff's perception variable regarding service quality improvement, with a correlation value of P-Value = 0.000. This result is supported by in-depth interviews that indicate positive reception by the medical staff.

Analysis of the Achievement of Minimum Service Standards for Mental Health Services in Surabaya

2024-10-24T16:42:57+07:00

Background: Indonesia is facing a mental health crisis, with 1 in 10 people experiencing mental disorders. Among the 282,654 households with individuals suffering from severe mental disorders, only 0.6% are receiving treatment, and just 0.5% are regularly taking medication. In Surabaya, 0.19% of the population is identified as People with Mental Disorders (PMD). Objective: This study aims to evaluate the achievement of the Minimum Service Standards (MSS) Policy for Mental Health on PMD in Surabaya in 2023. Methods: This research utilized a cross-sectional design and descriptive analysis to analyze data. Secondary data was gathered from a cohort of PMD services within the Surabaya Health Service Working Area in 2023, involving a total sample of 5,766 PMD individuals. Results: In 2023, the MSS for People with Mental Disorders achieved 100.3%, surpassing previous years and meeting the target of 100%. However, that achievement was not consistent across all health centers in Surabaya. About 48% of community health centres did not meet the MSS target. This shortfall is attributed to the presence of specialized social institutions for mental health cases and the absence of mental health post activities in certain areas. Conclusion: The implementation of the Mental Health MSS for PMD in Surabaya in 2023 met the Ministry of Health's target, achieving 103.33%. The trend from 2020 to 2023 shows a continuous increase in MSS implementation, though the distribution of achievements is uneven across community health centers. Out of 63 health centers, 30 (48%) have not yet reached the 2023 MSS.

How Harmful is Smoking for Women? A Qualitative Study in Indonesia

2024-11-06T23:51:46+07:00

Introduction: In Indonesia, smoking is often perceived as a behavior associated with men, leaving women's perspectives on tobacco use largely unexplored. However, smoking has significant social, economic, health, and political implications for both genders. Despite the low reported smoking rates among women, their participation in tobacco control initiatives remains minimal. Female smokers face heightened social stigma compared to men, with stereotypes labeling them as socially unacceptable. This stigma often discourages quitting rather than deterring women from smoking in the first place, contributing to the underreporting of female smokers and making their numbers appear negligible. Objectives: This study aims to explore women’s experiences with smoking-related consequences in two locations, Banda Aceh and Jakarta. Findings indicate that both women who smoke and those whose partners are smokers encounter challenges in either starting or attempting to quit smoking. Additionally, beliefs about health and economic consequences serve as a common justification among smokers for not considering quitting. Methods: A qualitative study using semi-structured interviews seeks to explore the smoking-related experiences of women in two Indonesian cities, Jakarta and Banda Aceh. Results: The findings reveal that both female smokers and women with smoking partners face difficulties in initiating or maintaining cessation attempts. Additionally, perceptions of health and economic consequences often serve as justifications for avoiding efforts to quit smoking. Conclusion: The study found that socio-religious factors have a significant influence on women's experiences with smoking. Participants expressed beliefs about smoking tied to health and financial concerns, including the notion that outcomes like illness, death, and financial changes are predestined and beyond individual control (fatalism). This fatalistic perspective, shaped by their social and religious environment, hinders their efforts to quit smoking, making cessation more challenging.

What Drives Adolescent Sexual Behavior in Dormitories: Freedom or Influence?

2024-11-29T08:56:07+07:00

Background: Similar to teenagers his age, teenagers who live in dormitories also experience sexual attraction and are curious to try new things. Purpose: This study aims to investigate the sexual behavior of adolescents living in dormitories. Methods: The cross-sectional method was used on 147 students using the proportionate random sampling technique. The dependent variable in this study is pupils’ characteristics (sex, age, and puberty status), while the independent variable is the behavior of pornography consumption (content, context, onset, frequency, media, duration, reason, and peer influence). The data obtained were then analyzed by univariate and independent sample t-tests. Results: Most of the respondents in this study were women (77.6%), aged 19-26 years (71.4%), and diploma graduates (53.7%). There is no correlation between knowledge and attitude about reproductive health toward practicing sexual behavior among adolescents in dormitories. Age and education are related to adolescents' knowledge about reproductive health, while gender affects adolescents' practices in sexual behavior. Conclusion: It suggests improving adolescents’ skills to resist pressure from peers and boy/girlfriends. It is needed to create a safe and supportive environment for adolescent development. A well-rounded educational program should include information about reproductive health, healthy relationships, and communication in relationships. Joint efforts from parents, educators, and the community are needed to create a safe and supportive environment for adolescent development.

Designing a Pocket Book to Support Healthy Living in Islamic Boarding School Communities

2024-12-06T14:22:28+07:00

Background: One of the efforts to prevent health problems in students in Islamic boarding schools is by building awareness to carry out clean and healthy living behavior (PHBS). Efforts to introduce and improve students' knowledge can be done by using health education media in the form of pocket books. Objective: To produce a PHBS pocket book for students in Islamic boarding schools. Methods: This study uses the RnD approach based on the ADDIE Model (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). The media was validated by expert media validators, language experts, public health practitioners, agency validators, and students in grades X and XI of the Ar-Rahman Islamic Boarding School. Data collection used literature studies and data were analyzed manually. Results: The development of the PHBS pocket book in Islamic Boarding Schools began with identifying potential problems and, collecting data, and information. Product design creation using the Ibis Paint X application. The product obtained validation results, namely media experts of 96% (very feasible), language experts of 92% (very feasible), public health practitioners of 99% (very feasible), validation of institutions consisting of teachers of 100% (very feasible). After receiving suggestions and comments from the validator, the product was then revised. Then the results of the product trial on the participant group were 88% (very feasible) Conclusion: The PHBS pocket book in Islamic Boarding Schools can be used as a health education media with a very feasible feasibility test. Suggestion: Pocket books can be digitized based on Android.

Podcasts Potention as a Medium for Educating Young People About Mental Health: A Scoping Review

2024-10-28T14:29:11+07:00

Background: Podcasts a relatively new form of digital media, offer a flexible audio format that can be accessed anytime and anywhere. With the increasing use of podcasts among the younger generation, podcasts have the potential to be a medium for mental health education. Objectives: To explore research findings on the potential of podcasts as an educational medium for young people's mental health. Method: This review utilized three databases PubMed, ProQuest, Science Direct and Science Searched using the main keywords ‘’Health Podcasts‘ and Mental’ and help keywords. Articles were full text, English language, restricted to the last five years and country, as well as full text and free access. Discussion: This study reviewed 11 articles out of 5,372 that were screened and analyzed. Podcasts are used as a reference for mental health education due to easy accessibility, comprehensive mental health literacy, relatable presenters' life experiences, or discussions featuring professionals. podcasts reduce stigma and increase informal help-seeking, reducing feelings of loneliness. Podcasts with different presenter experiences based on demographic profiles and personal experiences of mental health are significant as psychoeducational tools for personal and/or professional development. However, the accuracy, transparency, and credibility of professional websites are still to be evaluated of podcasts as educational media especially related to mental health issues. Conclusions: This study summarizes the potential of podcasts as a significant educational medium for mental health with its various advantages. Mental health experts are needed to produce quality educational podcast content. This content will fulfill the audience's need for accurate and reliable information about mental health.

Edutainment as a Preventive Tool for Adolescent Risk Behavior: A Systematic Analysis of HIV/AIDS Education Strategies

2024-10-25T16:06:25+07:00

Background: Adolescent engagement in risky sexual behaviors, such as early sexual initiation, presents a pressing global public health concern that impacts adolescents’ physical and mental health and may influence their prospects. These behaviors increase risks of HIV/AIDS, other sexually transmitted infections, and unintended pregnancies, which can limit opportunities and affect life trajectories. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), adolescents represent around 20% of the global population, with the majority living in developing nations where resources for education and prevention are often limited. Data from Indonesia’s National Population and Family Planning Board (BKKBN) highlights this challenge, with 60% of adolescents aged 16–17, 20% aged 14–15, and 20% aged 19–20 reporting sexual activity. Objectives: This systematic review investigates the effectiveness of edutainment—a strategy combining education with entertainment—in reducing risky sexual behaviors among adolescents by preventing HIV/AIDS and promoting informed decision-making. Methods: Literature from 2014–2024 was gathered using Proquest, Google Scholar, PubMed, Elsevier, and Web of Science, with keywords including "edutainment," "prevention of casual sex," "adolescent sex education," and "sex education programs. Results: Findings indicate that edutainment approaches—utilizing interactive play and educational activities—effectively enhance adolescent and parental awareness of the risks associated with free sex and strengthen adolescent skills in self-protection and resisting inappropriate advances. Conclusion: The edutainment-based intervention model is a promising strategy for preventing risky sexual behaviors among adolescents, promoting health-conscious decision-making, and fostering protective skills.

Zentangle Art to Improving Mental Health: A Scoping Review

2024-10-30T16:26:51+07:00

Background: Due to its increasing incidence, mental health has become a global concern in recent years. Therefore, academics, practitioners, and researchers have been searching for the best approach to mental well-being that will affect mental health. Art therapy has long been used as a tool to improve mental health. However, not all forms of art therapy are suitable for everyone. Zentangle, a method of drawing repetitive patterns, has attracted attention as one form of art therapy that is easy to learn and practice. Objectives: To explore the effectiveness of Zentangle in improving mental health. Methods: This review uses a Scoping Review using 3 databases: ProQuest, PubMed and ScienceDirect. The exclusion criteria are systematic review, scoping review and literature review. Of the 15 articles found, 6 were included in the inclusion criteria, which were then used as material for discussion in this article. Discussion: Findings from 6 articles show that Zentangle therapy can improve cognitive focus and emotional well-being, effectively alleviate Stress and lessen feelings of frustration, reduce symptoms of depression, foster compassion and encourage positive emotions. Conclusions: Zentangle therapy can foster positive emotions such as gratitude and self-achievement, improving physical, mental and spiritual well-being and thus positively affecting mental health.

School-Based Mindfulness Enhances Psychological Well-Being in Adolescents after Parental Divorce: A Systematic Review

2024-10-23T10:30:11+07:00

Background: Adolescents experience various psychosocial challenges, including low self-esteem, depression, substance abuse, and risky behaviors, which adversely affect their psychological well-being. School-based mindfulness interventions have emerged as effective strategies for promoting positive mental health among adolescents. Objective: This systematic review evaluates the effectiveness of school-based mindfulness programs in enhancing psychological well-being in adolescents after parental divorce. Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, the review analyzed studies identified from nine major databases—Cochrane, Clinical Key, BMC, Medrix, ProQuest, PubMed, Wiley, ScienceDirect, and Taylor & Francis—between February and May 2024. Included studies consisted of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-experimental studies focusing on school-based interventions targeting adolescent mental health. The JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist was employed to assess the risk of bias. Results: Out of 757 screened articles, 10 studies involving 27,680 participants from countries including Belgium, Spain, Italy, and Poland were selected. Findings suggest that school-based mindfulness interventions significantly improve psychological well-being and reduce mental health symptoms. Conclusion: Mindfulness-based interventions, when integrated into school environments with consistent support from families and educators, effectively promote psychological well-being among adolescents and reduce mental health risks.

Exploring the Root Causes of Burnout Syndrome among College Students: A Systematic Literature Review of Contributing Factors

2024-10-25T14:24:35+07:00

Background: Students are often faced with various pressures and challenges during their college studies. Academic pressure, heavy workloads, and demands to excel can be significant sources of stress. If not managed properly, these conditions can lead to burnout, a state of chronic physical, mental, and emotional exhaustion that results in decreased motivation and performance. Objectives: This article aims to explain the various factors that cause college students to burnout and its impact on health and academic performance. In addition, multiple strategies to overcome and prevent burnout among college students will also be discussed to improve their well-being during higher education. Methods: This study uses a narrative review method. Pubmed, Elsevier, and Google Scholar are used as databases to obtain appropriate articles. The keywords used in this study are "burnout" and "students", "college student" or "academic". Literature search is limited from 2014 - 2024. Results: Fifteen articles are relevant and related to this study. Factors that cause burnout in students include cumulative ecological risk, neuroticism, personal aspects, academic factors, cynicism, professional efficacy, motivation, social relationships, financial and family problems, stress, depression, anxiety, practical experience, lack of stress management, sleep quality, and physical exercise. Conclusions: Many factors cause burnout in students, and several efforts need to be made to reduce the risk of burnout, including increasing resilience and emotional support. Relevant authorities need to create effective strategies for college students' mental well-being, such as psychological help centers, mental health support groups, and amendments to the academic curriculum.

Effects of Psychosocial Rehabilitation Interventions for Schizophrenia Patients in Hospitals: Literature Review

2024-11-06T12:02:06+07:00

Background: Schizophrenia is one of the major mental health problems in Indonesia. Pharmacotherapies alone are not sufficient, psychosocial rehabilitation interventions also should be included in the treatment plan. Handling schizophrenia using pharmacotherapy alone is not enough, psychosocial rehabilitation intervention is also needed to complement the treatment. Psychosocial rehabilitation seeks individual independence by improving psychosocial function. Many interventions can be given, but not all of them can be applied in hospitals in Indonesia. Objective: This literature review aims to identify psychosocial rehabilitation interventions in hospitals in Indonesia and how it affect for schizophrenia patients. Method: The research was conducted using Google Scholar. The keywords used was “psychosocial rehabilitation intervention, schizophrenia patient, hospital”. The searched literature is limited from 2020 -2024. Based on the search result, 10 relevant articles were obtained. Result: In all articles, psychosocial rehabilitation interventions implemented in hospitals are aimed at individuals. Interventions for families and communities have not been facilitated. The interventions found included Cognitive Behavior Theraphy (CBT), Vocational Rehabilitation, Occupational and Art Therapy (OAT), and Social Skill Training (SST). They can increase treatment adherence, reduce relapse, improve functioning, and enhance recovery. Conclusion: Psychosocial rehabilitation intervention has positive impacts for schizophrenia patient. But support from family and community will optimize the return of social function for schizophrenia sufferers.