Jurnal Agro Veteriner

Effects of Captivity on the Morphology, Nesting Success, and Growth of the Libyan Falcon (Falco biarmicus)

Husam Dakheel — 2025-09-14

Understanding raptor breeding biology is essential for conservation. This study assessed the captive breeding of the Lanner Falcon (Falco biarmicus) and raptor presence in Libya. A pair acquired in 2018 was provided with artificial nests and monitored throughout the 2024 season. Clutch size ranged 4–6 eggs with a 32-day incubation. In 2024, all eggs hatched, producing three fledglings independent after four months. Between 2018–2025, the pair laid 35 eggs, yielding about 25 fledglings, confirming high captive success. Field surveys in October–November 2024 recorded 53 raptors: Falco peregrinus (39; Least Concern), F. biarmicus (6; resident), and Falco cherrug (8; Endangered, migratory). F. peregrinus was the most frequent, with Al Kufrah identified as the main hunting area. Results highlight the effectiveness of captive breeding for Lanner Falcons and underline urgent threats to wild populations, particularly habitat loss and poaching. Strong conservation actions are critical for sustaining both resident and migratory raptors.

Description of antemortem inspection of cattle at the Dimoro slaughterhouse, Blitar City

Sandi Aziz Hasibuan — 2025-09-14

The outbreaks of Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) and Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD) in early 2024 significantly impacted livestock health conditions in Blitar City and led to an increase in emergency slaughter cases. The Dimoro Slaughterhouse plays a crucial role in ensuring the safety of animal-derived food through the implementation of antemortem inspections. This study aims to evaluate the health status of beef cattle and identify pathological conditions detected during antemortem inspections at the Dimoro Slaughterhouse. The research used a quantitative descriptive method with direct observation of 40 cattle during the period of June 13–19, 2025. Clinical examinations were conducted on the head, neck, thorax, abdomen, anus, and limbs. The results showed that most cattle were male (34 heads) and predominantly of the Limousin breed (19 heads). No clinical symptoms of FMD, LSD, fever, or other disorders warranting slaughter rejection were found. Mild findings such as dirt around the anus were recorded in some individuals. Overall, the antemortem inspection was carried out effectively and contributed to ensuring the safety of meat products for public consumption.

Detection of Salmonella sp. in broiler chickens in closed houses using the polymerase chain reaction method

Anissa Dhea Larasati — 2025-09-14

This study aimed to detect the presence of Salmonella sp. in broiler chickens raised in closed house systems using the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method. Liver and intestinal samples were collected from chickens showing clinical signs such as diarrhea, anorexia, and lethargy, along with pathological lesions observed during necropsy. Bacteriological identification involved isolation using selective media, Gram staining and biochemical tests. Two samples (3A and 3B) showed colony morphology and biochemical characteristics consistent with Salmonella sp. Confirmation using PCR targeting the invA gene (primers 139 and 141, expected amplicon size 284 bp) yielded negative results in both samples, while the positive control successfully amplified the target. The inconsistency between bacteriological and molecular results may be attributed to several factors: absence or mutation of the invA gene in the tested isolates, primer mismatch with local Salmonella strains, or inadequate DNA quality and concentration. These findings suggest that reliance on a single molecular marker may be insufficient for accurate detection and underscore the importance of optimizing PCR conditions. The study highlights the need for locally adapted primers and complementary diagnostic approaches to improve the reliability of Salmonella sp. detection in poultry, particularly in intensive production systems like closed house environments.

PCR-based embryo sex-determination assay in cattle based on the amelogenin gene

Dejenie Mengistie — 2025-09-14

The amelogenin gene-based polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay offers a precise, efficient, and cost-effective approach for embryo sex determination in cattle. This method capitalizes on genetic differences between the X and Y chromosome-linked amelogenin genes, enabling early sex identification critical for livestock management. Our study outlines the methodology, from embryo collection and DNA extraction to PCR amplification and gel electrophoresis analysis. Results consistently demonstrated the assay's reliability, identifies that all examined embryos were female embryos (X/X) across developmental stages with a male and female control (X/Y) (X/X) respectively, validating the technique. This study underscores the assay’s potential for advancing selective breeding and enhancing productivity in the cattle industry.

Growth Performance, Feed Intake, Sensory Attributes, and Blood Profile of Male Guinea Fowls Fed with Different Diets

Joshua Oluwadele — 2025-09-14

This study evaluates the growth performance, feed intake, sensory attributes, and blood profile of male guinea fowls (Numida meleagris) fed different cereal-based diets. A total of 100 male guinea fowls were randomly assigned to three dietary treatments containing maize, millet, or sorghum as primary energy sources. The experiment lasted eight weeks, with data collected on body weight, feed conversion ratio (FCR), meat quality, and blood parameters.Results showed that millet-based diets significantly improved growth performance during the starter phase (P < 0.05), with higher body weight (135.75 g at 4 weeks) and average daily gain (3.95 g/day) compared to maize (109.95 g, 3.00 g/day) and sorghum (128.10 g, 3.65 g/day).** Feed intake was highest in millet-fed birds**, though differences were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Feed conversion efficiency was slightly better for millet-fed keets (FCR = 3.17) compared to sorghum (3.47) and maize (3.67).Sensory evaluation revealed that millet-fed guinea fowls had slightly superior flavor, juiciness, and tenderness scores, though variations across diets were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Blood profiles remained within normal ranges, indicating that all diets supported adequate health.These findings suggest that millet-based diets optimize early growth and meat quality in guinea fowls, making them a cost-effective alternative to maize in poultry nutrition. Future research should explore long-term economic benefits and the feasibility of integrating millet into large-scale commercial feed formulations.

Ocular Surface Microbiome Transplantation In Dogs: Treat To Target On ‘Gut-Eye Axis’

Kerem Ural — 2025-09-14

The ocular surface microbiome (osum) is an organized group of microorganisms along with owned genes residing on eye surface. The latter collection is a normal trait for eye health with a participant protection role. In the present original article of prospective case series the presenting author aimed at reporting natural treatment with osum, as because of microbiome modulation of ‘treat to target’ purpose. Given disadvantages of drugs used in ophthalmology, and based on selected probiotic strains with a very limited choices, presenting author decided to change ocular surface microechology by transferring microbiome from healthy donors to diseased 7 dogs. Canine allergic conjunctivitis (n=3), n=1 each for Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis co-morbidity infectious ulcerative keratitis, keratoconjunctivitis sicca, Canine Monocytic Ehrlichiosis related infectious ulcerative keratitis and vision loss were entire problem list. On every session a healthy donor was selected and used for transfer of ocular surface microbiome by use of sterile cotton swab.Complete recovery (n=3) and partial recovery (n=1) were evident out of 7 dogs enrolled. This natural treatment modality, unless this technique was developed by the presenting author, could substitute drug usage at least for canine allergic conjunctivitis along with microbiome modulation

The effect of laserpuncture shooting on the histomorphometry of the bursa of Fabricius in pullets (Gallus gallus) that lay eggs late

Ayu Kamila Tiarani — 2025-09-14

The continuing increase in egg consumption has led to the need to ensure that the laying hen industry sector is able to keep up with the need for eggs, one way is by increasing the productivity of laying hens and ensuring that laying hens can lay eggs on time. This study aims to determine the number and diameter of the bursa of Fabricius lymphoid follicles in late-laying pullets laserpuncture. This research is a 2x4 factorial complete randomized design experimental study. Chickens were divided into two groups, First Grade and Second Grade. Each Grade group was further divided into four groups based on laserpuncture points, namely control, Ova, weigen, and Ova-weigen. The variables observed were the diameter and number of lymphoid follicles of the bursa of Fabricius microscopically. The observation data were analyzed statistically using analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by the Duncan test. The results of the analysis showed that 0.5 Joule laserpuncture had a significant effect on the diameter and number of the bursa of Fabricius lymphoid follicles (p<0.05). Laserpuncture shooting 0.5 Joules at the Wei Gen point shows the smallest diameter of the lymphoid follicles. While Ova point showed the smallest number of bursa Fabricius lymphoid follicles.