Journal of Bio-molecule Research And Engineering

Identification of Saprophytic Mold Isolated from Mangrove Soil: A Review

Hanif Nur Rahmawati — 2023-06-10

Saprophytic mold is one type of mold that has the ability to survive in extreme conditions, such as in mangrove soil. Saprophytic fungi act as the main organism in the process of decomposition of organic matter and energy flow in the mangrove area. Several researchers successfully identified 102 species and 33 genera of saprophytic fungi. Aspergillus is known to be the dominant mold on mangrove soils because of its characteristics, such as high sporulation and spore spread and its ability to withstand extreme environmental conditions. The use of saprophytic molds in biofertilizer manufacturing due to saprophytic molds can produce cellulase, xylinase, and ligninase enzymes to decompose organic matter and produce toxin compounds for pathogens in plants. The presence of mold species in mangrove soil is influenced by several factors, including the temperature level, season, the salinity of mangrove waters, soil pH, and oxygen.

Potential of Microbial Isolates from Indonesia in Producing Antimicrobial Compounds: A Review

Almando Geraldi — 2023-06-10

Indonesia, as a megabiodiverse country, possesses a wealth of beneficial microorganisms, including bacteria and fungi capable of producing antimicrobial compounds. Over the past decade, extensive research has been conducted in Indonesia to explore and screen the antimicrobial activities of bacteria and fungi. These microorganisms have been isolated from various ecosystems, such as terrestrial, maritime, extreme environments like hot springs and sand dunes, as well as from animals and plants hosts. Most studies have focused on the antimicrobial activity of crude metabolite extracts, which demonstrate inhibitory effects against clinically significant pathogens, including Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli, and Salmonella typhi. This review systematically synthesizes findings from peer-reviewed literature, detailing isolation strategies, antimicrobial screening techniques, and the bioactivities reported. By consolidating current knowledge, it aims to elucidate the potential of Indonesia’s microbial resources for developing novel antimicrobial agents and promoting their sustainable exploitation within the context of global health challenges.

Elimination of Dengue Virus with Antiviral Compound and Appropriate Technology

Neni Isna Farihah — 2023-06-10

Infection with the dengue virus by the Aedes aegypti mosquito vector is in the form of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), which can cause a decrease in platelets and even death. The parasitic drug niclosamide, which is effective against dengue virus serotype 2 (DENV-2) is used to prevent further dengue virus infection. Many tests were carried out using inhibitors such as doxorubicin (SA-17), glycoside inhibitors in the form of deocynojirimycin (DNJ) and castanospermine (CSP), carbohydrate-binding agents (CBA), and the use of heparan sulfate aimed at inhibition of the adsorption process and replication process, as well as improper protein folding to prevent the conformation of virus merger. The elimination process can also be carried out using antiviral compounds found in the leaves of Psidium guajava and Carica papaya, which have inhibitory activities of 92.6% and 89.5%, respectively; propyl gallate, with a percent inhibition of dengue virus envelope protein serotype 2 of 53-9.85%; isobutyl gallate, with CC₅₀ values of 167.19 g/mL and an inhibitory value (IC₅₀) of 4.45; Cissampelos Pariera Linn methanol extract, with progressive inhibition as the Cipa extract concentration increased with an IC₅₀ value of 6.1μg/ml Preventive methods are also carried out in several ways, namely by utilizing hydrophobic liquid in the form of silicone oil (low-viscosity polydimethylsiloxane, or L-PDMS), the use of eave tubes in home tubes inserted with insecticides, and utilizing ultrasound with a frequency of 100 kHz and 90 dB to repel mosquitoes carrying dengue virus vectors.

Evaluation on Bioactive Secondary Metabolites from Fingerroot (Boesenbergia rotunda) as a Potent α-Glucosidase Inhibitor: In silico Study

Yazdaniar Fajri Halimi Firdaus — 2023-06-10

Fingerroot (Boesenbergia rotunda) is a medicinal plant that has been reported to have anti-diabetic properties. However, the mechanism of action and the active compounds responsible for this effect are not well understood. In this study, we performed molecular docking study of isolated compound from fingerroot against N-terminal-human intestinal maltase-glucoamylase, one class of α-glucosidase. Inhibiting enzymatic activity of alpha glucosidase could potentially control sugar levels. In addition to panduratin A showing moderate inhibition activity against N-terminal-human intestinal maltase-glucoamylase.

Evaluation potency of Boesenbergia rotunda as antioxidant achieved by free radicals scavenging activities

Dinda — 2023-06-10

Boesenbergia rotunda has antioxidant potential to inhibit free radicals. Antioxidant activity was determined by free radical scavenging activity against DPPH, ABTS and Cuprac. The results showed that the hexane extract of Boesenbergia rotunda had a strong percent antioxidant activity with a value of 91.38, while ascorbic acid as a positive control had a value of 99.85. Antioxidant activity test results showed that hexane and dichloromethane extracts have DPPH, ABTS, and cuprac free radical scavenging activities