Journal of Bio-molecule Research And Engineering

Studies of Yeasts Isolated from Soil as Cellulose Decomposers and Phosphate Solvents

Gading Gunawan Putra, Syarifah salsabila salsabila, Hanif Nur Rahmawati, fatimah — Sun, 10 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0700

The identification of CMCase (Carboxymethylcellulase) and PMEase (Phosphomonoesterase) enzyme activities from yeast genera that produce cellulase and phosphatase is crucial for identifying potential genera that could aid in the development of biofertilizers, serving as an environmentally friendly alternative to chemical fertilizers. This study is based on a review of articles and journals for data collection. The review revealed that the yeast genus Rhodosporidium (specifically Rhodosporidium paludigenum Y08RA29) is a promising cellulolytic yeast, with CMCase activity approaching 0.500 units. Meanwhile, the potential phosphate-solubilizing yeast genus is Candida (Candida sp. 3), with PMEase activity ranging from 0.05 to 0.06 units.

The Analog Rice from Gembili Tubers which Contain Various of Benefits: An overview

Tumiar Iriana, Heny kusumayanti — Sun, 10 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0700

Gembili (Dioscorea esculenta), has very good potential, one of which is that the tubers produced have many benefits, apart from being believed to contain high carbohydrates, gembili also contain calcium, potassium, iron and vitamin B6. Apart from being used as a simple food, gembili tubers can be used as an analogue of rice. This review aims to examine and find out the various benefits of gembili tubers, the combination of various agricultural ingredients in producing analog rice and the resulting characteristics. The method of making analog rice is done by extruder. Test how many studies include proximate tests, antioxidants, calcium, levels of fiber and amino acids. Based on several studies of analog rice that made from gembili with tubers 78%, protein content 8%, water content 7.9%, ash content 2-3.5%, fat content 0.5-1.2%, antioxidants 6162 ppm, fiber crude 10% and calcium 1.52%, each. The characteristics of rice is shape, texture, color, and taste to can be accepted by the community. Analog rice can be used as a substitute for rice.

Assessment of the Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activity of Baccaurea bracteata Müll.Arg. and Macaranga lowii King ex Hook.f. from East Kalimantan

Sun, 10 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0700

This study investigated the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of Baccaurea bracteata Müll.Arg. and Macaranga lowii King ex Hook.f. from East Kalimantan. The leaves of these plant extracts were evaluated for their total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity, utilizing the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging assay. The findings indicated that Baccaurea bracteata Müll.Arg. demonstrated superior antioxidant activity with a percent inhibition (PI) value of 68.31 ± 0.11%. This research highlights Baccaurea bracteata Müll.Arg. as a promising source of natural antioxidants, characterized by high total phenolic content of 14.76 ± 1.98 mgGAE/g.

Pycnoscelus surinamensis Endosymbiont Bacteria: Identification and its Amylase Characteristic

Sun, 10 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0700

The amylase is an enzyme that widely used in industry. In this research, amylase was isolated from endosymbiont bacteria (EKA 4) of cockroach Pycnoscelus surinamensis from household garbage dump Surabaya. This research aims to identify bacteria EKA 4, produce and characterize amylase from it at various temperature, pH and effect of metal ions. Amylase screening assay was done by imoculating the isolate into medium contain 2% of starch then incubated for 24 hours. Detection of amylase was done qualitatively by measured presence of halozone and quantitatively using DNS method. 16S rRNA analysis found that bacteria EKA 4 has similarity to Bacillus subtilis with 100% of percent identity. Result showed that optimum activity of amylase from B. subtilis were at 40°C, pH 6 and could use ion CaCl₂ as a cofactor in a reaction. Thus, utilization of amylase from endosymbiont P. surinamensis could be as an alternative source in big industries.

Hydrolytic Enzyme Producing Bacteria From The Gut Of Oryctes rhinoceros Larvae Inhabiting Household Waste Composer

Sun, 10 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0700

relatively shorter adult phase than the larval stage. The larval stage of this organism lives in piles of organic matter, including in piles of household waste. The ability of larvae to utilize organic matter in their environment is inseparable from the role of potential microbes that produce enzymes associated with their gut. This study aims to isolate, screen, and identify the potential bacteria in producing hydrolytic enzymes from gut of O. rhinoceros larvae. The third instar larvae were dissected aseptically to obtain gut bacterial isolates. The isolates were tested for their ability to produce amylase, cellulose, lipase, and protease using agar plate containing specific substrates. There were eight different isolates, and three of them had the ability to produce all four enzymes. The three isolates were identified as Bacillus. These results can be used as a reference for handling household organic waste.