A Pilot Study Correlation of White Blood Cells Level in Semen with Endometritis in Subfertile Couples
Downloads
Introduction
Over the past decades, infertility has become a serious health problem worldwide and until nowadays numerous studies have shown it can be a negative prognostic factor for infertility.1 During, natural intercourse, ejaculation of seminal fluid into vagina may deposit spermatozoa, contaminants, and bacteria into the uterus by pelvic or penile thrusting and belling of the glans penis during coitus. In that case, the risk factor of infection in both women and man will happen post natural intercourse. So, the relationship between endometritis and increasing white blood cells level in sperm with infertility such as repeated implantation failure and recurrent miscarriage has recently emerged as an area of inquiry.
Aims
Aims this study, Correlation of endometritis that found in hysteroscopy examination and increasing white blood cell level in semen in sub fertile couples.
Methods
This study was conducted from 492 Infertility couple who underwent hysteroscopy from January 2021 to December 2021. The semen analysis was performed at least twice with range two weeks one from the other based on WHO guideline. Hysteroscopy was performed during endometrial proliferation phase. All data analysis performed using IBM SPSS 23.
Results
The result showed that mean leucocyte level range difference was significant in patient non-endometritis was 0.25 and endometritis patient was 0.66. The leucocyte number had correlation with the result of the pH level and slow progressive motility in semen specimen.
Conclusion
This research result showed the correlation women with resulted endometritis in hysteroscopy and white blood cell in semen specimen and had correlation with pH level and slow progressive motility in semen specimen.
Keywords: White blood cells count in semen, endometritis, subfertil.
Sandoval JS, Raburn D, Muasher S. Leukocytospermia: Overview of diagnosis, implications, and management of a controversial finding. Middle East Fertil Soc J. 2013;18(3):129-134. doi:10.1016/j.mefs.2013.02.004
Henkel R, Offor U, Fisher D. The role of infections and leukocytes in male infertility. Andrologia. 2021;53(1). doi:10.1111/and.13743
Lemkecher T, Dartigues S, Vaysse J, et al. Leucospermie, stress oxydatif et fertilité masculine : certitudes et hypothèses. Gynécologie Obstétrique Fertil. 2005;33(1-2):2-10. doi:10.1016/j.gyobfe.2005.01.001
Sharma R, Gupta S, Agarwal A, et al. Relevance of Leukocytospermia and Semen Culture and Its True Place in Diagnosing and Treating Male Infertility. World J Mens Health. 2022;40(2):191. doi:10.5534/wjmh.210063
Wolff H, Anderson DJ. Immunohistologic characterization and quantitation of leukocyte subpopulations in human semen**Supported by the Fearing Research Laboratory Endowment and National Institutes of Health grants AI 23669 and CA 42738." " Presented at the 12th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Andrology, March 6 to 9, 1987, Denver, Colorado. Fertil Steril. 1988;49(3):497-504. doi:10.1016/S0015-0282(16)59780-5
Mishra AK, Kumar A, Swain DK, Yadav S, Nigam R. Insights into pH regulatory mechanisms in mediating spermatozoa functions. Vet World. 2018;11(6):852-858. doi:10.14202/vetworld.2018.852-858
Gkrozou F, Tsonis O, Dimitriou E, Paschopoulos M. In women with chronic or subclinical endometritis is hysteroscopy suitable for setting the diagnosis? A systematic review. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2020;46(9):1639-1650. doi:10.1111/jog.14360
Espinós JJ, Fabregues F, Fontes J, et al. Impact of chronic endometritis in infertility: a SWOT analysis. Reprod Biomed Online. 2021;42(5):939-951. doi:10.1016/j.rbmo.2021.02.003
Cicinelli E, Matteo M, Trojano G, et al. Chronic endometritis in patients with unexplained infertility: Prevalence and effects of antibiotic treatment on spontaneous conception. Am J Reprod Immunol. 2018;79(1):e12782. doi:10.1111/aji.12782
Agarwal A, Rana M, Qiu E, AlBunni H, Bui AD, Henkel R. Role of oxidative stress, infection and inflammation in male infertility. Andrologia. 2018;50(11):e13126. doi:10.1111/and.13126
Walczak–Jedrzejowska R, Wolski JK, Slowikowska–Hilczer J. The role of oxidative stress and antioxidants in male fertility. Cent Eur J Urol. 2013;65:60-67. doi:10.5173/ceju.2013.01.art19
Park HJ, Kim YS, Yoon TK, Lee WS. Chronic endometritis and infertility. Clin Exp Reprod Med. 2016;43(4):185. doi:10.5653/cerm.2016.43.4.185
Tsonis O, Gkrozou F, Dimitriou E, Paschopoulos M. Hysteroscopic detection of chronic endometritis: Evaluating proposed hysteroscopic features suggestive of chronic endometritis. J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod. 2021;50(9):102182. doi:10.1016/j.jogoh.2021.102182
Zargar M, Ghafourian M, Nikbakht R, Mir Hosseini V, Moradi Choghakabodi P. Evaluating Chronic Endometritis in Women with Recurrent Implantation Failure and Recurrent Pregnancy Loss by Hysteroscopy and Immunohistochemistry. J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 2020;27(1):116-121. doi:10.1016/j.jmig.2019.02.016
Buzzaccarini G, Vitagliano A, Andrisani A, et al. Chronic endometritis and altered embryo implantation: a unified pathophysiological theory from a literature systematic review. J Assist Reprod Genet. 2020;37(12):2897-2911. doi:10.1007/s10815-020-01955-8
Copyright (c) 2022 Indonesian Andrology and Biomedical Journal
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
