Differences in Sperm Motility Based on Sleep Quality in Infertilized Men at RSKIA Sadewa
Downloads
Background : Infertility is a significant reproductive health issue, with a global prevalence of 8–12% among couples of reproductive age. One contributing factor is decreased sperm quality, including sperm motility. Poor sleep quality is suspected to affect sperm motility through hormonal disruptions and oxidative stress; however, research in Indonesia remains limited.
Objective : This study aims to determine the differences in sperm motility based on sleep quality in infertile men at RSKIA Sadewa Yogyakarta.
Methods : This study employed an analytical observational design with a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 60 infertile men aged 20–45 years who met the inclusion criteria. Sleep quality was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), while sperm motility data were obtained from medical records. Data were analyzed using the independent sample t-test and One-Way Anova.
Results : The results showed no significant difference in sperm motility between the good and poor sleep quality groups (p 0.374). The average sperm motility in the good sleep quality group was 48.43%, while in the poor sleep quality group, it was 43.90%. Confounding variables such as age, IMT, and smoking habits also did not show a significant effect on sperm motility.
Conclusion : Sperm motility in infertile men at RSKIA Sadewa who had good sleep quality was not significantly different compared to those with poor sleep quality.
Keywords : sleep quality, sperm motility, male infertility, PSQI, reproductive health
WHO World Health Organization. Infertility [Homepage on the Internet]. 2023 [cited 2024 Apr 8];Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/infertility
Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Riset Kesehatan Dasar. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2013;
Akbar A. Gambaran Faktor Penyebab Infertilitas Pria Di Indonesia : Meta Analisis. Jurnal Pandu Husada 2020;1(2):66.
Caetano G, Bozinovic I, Dupont C, Léger D, Lévy R, Sermondade N. Impact of sleep on female and male reproductive functions: a systematic review. Fertil Steril [homepage on the Internet] 2021;115(3):715–731. Available from: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0015028220321889
Qin X, Fang S, Cai Y. Sleep disorders and risk of infertility: A meta-analysis of observational studies. PLoS One [homepage on the Internet] 2023;18(10 October):1–10. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0293559
Du CQ, Yang YY, Chen J, Feng L, Lin WQ. Association between sleep quality and semen parameters and reproductive hormones: A cross-sectional study in Zhejiang, China. Nat Sci Sleep 2020;12:11–18.
Chen HG, Sun B, Chen YJ, et al. Sleep duration and quality in relation to semen quality in healthy men screened as potential sperm donors. Environ Int 2020;135:105368.
Setyowati A, Chung MH. Validity and reliability of the Indonesian version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index in adolescents. Int J Nurs Pract 2021;27(5):1–7.
Huang B, Wang Z, Kong Y, Jin M, Ma L. Global, regional and national burden of male infertility in 204 countries and territories between 1990 and 2019: an analysis of global burden of disease study. BMC Public Health 2023;23(1):1–12.
Williams VF, Atta I, Stahlman S. Brief Report: Male Infertility, Active Component, U.S. Armed Forces, 2013–2017. 2019;26(03):2013–2017.
Evans EPP, Scholten JTM, Mzyk A, et al. Male subfertility and oxidative stress. Redox Biol [homepage on the Internet] 2021;46:102071. Available from: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2213231721002305
Walke G, Gaurkar SS, Prasad R, Lohakare T, Wanjari M. The Impact of Oxidative Stress on Male Reproductive Function: Exploring the Role of Antioxidant Supplementation. Cureus 2023;15(7):1–13.
Lei T, Yang Y, Yang W-X. Luteinizing Hormone Regulates Testosterone Production, Leydig Cell Proliferation, Differentiation, and Circadian Rhythm During Spermatogenesis. Int J Mol Sci [homepage on the Internet] 2025;26(8):3548. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/26/8/3548
Mattos K de, Pierre KJ, Tremblay JJ. Hormones and Signaling Pathways Involved in the Stimulation of Leydig Cell Steroidogenesis. Endocrines [homepage on the Internet] 2023;4(3):573–594. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/2673-396X/4/3/41
Sengupta P, Pinggera GM, Calogero AE, Agarwal A. Oxidative stress affects sperm health and fertility—Time to apply facts learned at the bench to help the patient: Lessons for busy clinicians. Reprod Med Biol 2024;23(1):1–17.
Sharma A, Kumar M. Basics of Human Andrology: A Textbook 1st ed. 2017 Edition. 2017;
Unicef. Analisis Lanskap Kelebihan Berat Badan dan Obesitas di Indonesia. Unicef [homepage on the Internet] 2023;6. Available from: https://www.unicef.org/indonesia/media/16691/file/Ringkasan untuk Pemangku Kebijakan.pdf
Putri, Nadhiroh SR. Tinjauan Literatur: Hubungan Obesitas dan Infertilitas pada Pria Usia Produktif. Amerta Nutrition [homepage on the Internet] 2024;8(2):318–327. Available from: https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/AMNT/article/view/46752
Rochira V, Carani C. Estrogens, Male Reproduction and Beyond [Homepage on the Internet]. 2020; Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26438567
Venigalla G, Ila V, Dornbush J, et al. Male obesity: Associated effects on fertility and the outcomes of offspring. Andrology [homepage on the Internet] 2025;13(1):64–71. Available from: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/andr.13552
Zulfikar MA, Hestianah EP, Hermadi HA, et al. Effect of Exposure to E-Cigarette Vapor and Cigarette Smoke on Seminiferous Tubules Diameter and Spermatozoa Quality of Mice (Mus musculus). Ecology, Environment and Conservation 2022;28(3):1246–1251.
Akbar A. Pengaruh Paparan Asap Rokok Terhadap Sperma Pria: Systematic Review. J Chem Inf Model 2021;53(February).
Zhong O, Liao B, Wang J, Liu K, Lei X, Hu L. Effects of Sleep Disorders and Circadian Rhythm Changes on Male Reproductive Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Front Physiol [homepage on the Internet] 2022;13. Available from: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2022.913369/full
Fitriyani, Fathurrahman A, Mandala Z. Gambaran Kualitas Tidur Pada Mahasiswa Pendidikan Profesi Dokter Di Rumah Sakit Pertamina Bintang Amin. Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran dan Kesehatan [homepage on the Internet] 2024;11(6):2549–4864. Available from: http://ejurnalmalahayati.ac.id/index.php/kesehatan
Fusco F, Longo N, Sio M De, et al. Impact of Circadian Desynchrony on Spermatogenesis: A Mini Review. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) [homepage on the Internet] 2021;12:800693. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34975770
Li L, Lin W, Wang Z, et al. Hormone Regulation in Testicular Development and Function. Int J Mol Sci [homepage on the Internet] 2024;25(11):5805. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/25/11/5805
Yao Y, Silver R. Mutual Shaping of Circadian Body-Wide Synchronization by the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus and Circulating Steroids. Front Behav Neurosci [homepage on the Internet] 2022;16. Available from: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnbeh.2022.877256/full
Foster RG. Sleep, circadian rhythms and health. Interface Focus [homepage on the Internet] 2020;10(3):20190098. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32382406
Zhao X, Lan M, Li H, Yang J. Perceived stress and sleep quality among the non-diseased general public in China during the 2019 coronavirus disease: a moderated mediation model. Sleep Med [homepage on the Internet] 2021;77:339–345. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2020.05.021
Yland JJ, Eisenberg ML, Willis SK, et al. a Prospective Study of Male Sleep and Semen Quality. Fertil Steril [homepage on the Internet] 2021;116(3):e333. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.07.897
Jamil M. Deteksi Kelainan Organ Reproduksi Wanita yang Mempengaruhi Infertilitas dan Pemeriksaannya, serta Hak Pasien Berdasarkan Permenkes No. 04 Tahun 2018. Implementasi Pengabdian Mayarakat Kesehatan (JIPMK) 2024;6(2).
Theorell-Haglöw J, Lemming EW, Michaëlsson K, Elmståhl S, Lind L, Lindberg E. Sleep duration is associated with healthy diet scores and meal patterns: results from the population-based EpiHealth study. J Clin Sleep Med [homepage on the Internet] 2020;16(1):9–18. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31957658
Desai D, Momin A, Hirpara P, Jha H, Thaker R, Patel J. Exploring the Role of Circadian Rhythms in Sleep and Recovery: A Review Article. Cureus [homepage on the Internet] 2024;Available from: https://www.cureus.com/articles/258897-exploring-the-role-of-circadian-rhythms-in-sleep-and-recovery-a-review-article
Alnawwar MA, Alraddadi MI, Algethmi RA, Salem GA, Salem MA, Alharbi AA. The Effect of Physical Activity on Sleep Quality and Sleep Disorder: A Systematic Review. Cureus [homepage on the Internet] 2023;15(8):e43595. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37719583
Vahedi Raad M, Firouzabadi AM, Tofighi Niaki M, Henkel R, Fesahat F. The impact of mitochondrial impairments on sperm function and male fertility: a systematic review. Reprod Biol Endocrinol [homepage on the Internet] 2024;22(1):83. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39020374
Pilz LK, Keller LK, Lenssen D, Roenneberg T. Time to rethink sleep quality: PSQI scores reflect sleep quality on workdays. Sleep [homepage on the Internet] 2022;41(5). Available from: https://academic.oup.com/sleep/article/doi/10.1093/sleep/zsy029/4840620
Marques P, Sousa Lages A De, Skorupskaite K, Rozario KS, Anderson RA, George JT. Physiology of GnRH and Gonadotrophin Secretion [Homepage on the Internet]. 2020; Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1359459
Shivalingaiah SB, Tuladhar S, Mahalakshmi AM, et al. Sleep and Gonadotrophin Hormones. Int J Nutr Pharmacol Neurol Dis [homepage on the Internet] 2021;11(1):17–26. Available from: https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_97_20
Cavalhas-Almeida C, Cristo MI, Cavadas C, Ramalho-Santos J, Álvaro AR, Amaral S. Sleep and male (In)Fertility: A comprehensive overview. Sleep Med Rev [homepage on the Internet] 2025;81:102080. Available from: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1087079225000334
Sullivan R, Mieusset R. The human epididymis: its function in sperm maturation. Hum Reprod Update [homepage on the Internet] 2020;22(5):574–587. Available from: https://academic.oup.com/humupd/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/humupd/dmw015
Marinaro JA, Schlegel PN. Sperm DNA Damage and Its Relevance in Fertility Treatment: A Review of Recent Literature and Current Practice Guidelines. Int J Mol Sci [homepage on the Internet] 2023;24(2). Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36674957
Copyright (c) 2025 Daniel Pradana Andrian Wicaksono, Oscar Gilang Purnajati, Seso Sulijaya Suyono

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.