Diferensiasi Kebijakan Polandia dalam Menghadapi Migran Ekonomi dan Pengungsi
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Migrasi merupakan sebuah isu yang tengah menjadi pusat perhatian bagi negara-negara Eropa, khususnya negara-negara yang menjadi anggota dari Uni Eropa. Signifikansi isu migrasi bagi negara-negara Uni Eropa mengalami peningkatan dengan adanya kebijakan dari organisasi supranasional tersebut yang berupaya mendistribusikan tanggung jawab penerimaan imigran dan pengungsi secara merata antara negara-negara anggota. Dengan demikian, Polandia sebagai salah satu negara anggota Uni Eropa dihadapkan pada dua permasalahan, yakni penolakan masyarakat terhadap masuknya imigran dari luar Uni Eropa dan tekanan dari Uni Eropa untuk mematuhi kuota pengungsi, yang diperparah dengan krisis tenaga kerja di Polandia. Kajian ini membahas mengenai respons kebijakan Polandia dalam menghadapi permasalahan-permasalahan yang telah disebutkan, khususnya dalam merespon kelompok imigran dari Timur Tengah dan Afrika. Sebagai hasil dari kajian ini, dapat diketahui bahwa terdapat beragam faktor yang memengaruhi kalkulasi kebijakan imigrasi Polandia, yaitu: 1) faktor lingkungan; 2) budaya dan identitas; 3) pendidikan; 4) adanya asumsi "Trojan Horse”; serta 5) ketidakpuasan penduduk lokal. Kelima faktor tersebut menentukan persepsi masyarakat dan pemerintah Polandia terhadap isu migrasi.
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