Submissions

Author Guidelines

The author submits a draft manuscript through the open journal system (OJS). Draft manuscript typed using Microsoft Word programs, figures in a minimum JPEG format of 300 dpi. Figures are arranged on separate sheets and given sequence numbers and captions. The table is also typed on a separate sheet and numbered with the table title. The manuscripts are arranged according to journal format in the following order:

A. Original Research
The manuscript is typed using a single-spaced; Times New Roman; font size of 12 points. Each manuscript does not exceed 8000 words or 20 pages of A4 size. The manuscript template can be downloaded through this link.
Title: Brief, informative, and clear; Capitalize Each Word; The scientific term or binomial nomenclature must be written accurately.

Author Identity: Full name (not abbreviated) without the title. If the author is more than one, with different affiliations, then behind each name is given an index of Arabic numerals. The author's affiliations are written under the name of the author, including laboratories, departments, institutions, cities, postal codes, countries, ORCID IDs, and complete e-mail. An additional asterisk (*) is given to the author who serves as the corresponding author.

Abstract: The abstract should briefly include the study aim, methods, results, and conclusions that represent the entire content of the manuscript in no more than 250 words. Abbreviations should be avoided without prior mention. The abstract should never include references.
Keywords: Three to five keywords should be listed in alphabetical order and separated by semicolons.

Introduction: The introduction should include the concept or background idea of ​​the problem, the contribution of the study, the significance and implications of the study. The concept should be arranged systematically with the latest references that support why the study is crucial. The introduction should avoid redundancy or unnecessary citations that should be revealed in the discussion.

Materials and Methods:
Ethical approval: All studies involving animals and applying invasive procedures to animals must state the Ethics Certificate Number and the Institution that recognizes the certificate. If the study did not involve animals, state the argument in this section accurately.
Study period and location: Include the study period (month and year) it was conducted. The study location must also be included where the samples were collected, laboratory evaluation, and geographic location (if applicable).
Experimental design: The study must include how the experimental design was carried out, population determination, sampling methods, ethical animal treatment during the study period, and euthanasia methods were carried out. Subheadings can be adjusted to the methods used by each study.
Evaluation: All laboratory and field tests, observations, and evaluations must be disclosed. The method must explain in detail and systematically the study procedure complete with equipments and materials (including product manufacturers, catalogs, companies, and countries of manufacture) so that it can be replicated by other studies in the future. Subheadings can be adjusted to the methods used by each study.
Data collection: The study should include how the data were collected, the methods implemented, and the instruments used. The manufacturer of the instrument or machine should also be included (if applicable). Subheadings can be adjusted to the methods used by each study.
Data analysis: The study should include how the data were tabulated, analyzed, what statistical standards were used to consider the results, and what software was applied. Formulas or equations may also be implemented in the data analysis.

Results: Tabular results should be used whenever possible. Only highlight or condense the most significant findings; do not restate all of the information found in the tables or figures in the text. Data must be interpreted with precision so as to reveal findings and assumptions based on tables or figures. Cite your tables as (Table 1, etc.) and your figures as (Figure 1, etc.).

Discussion: The discussion should provide readers with a wide knowledge of whether the tested hypotheses were accepted or denied by clearly and succinctly interpreting the results in terms of biological mechanisms and integrating them with the research findings of other studies. The limitations of the study also need to be revealed as a reflection for future studies.

Conclusions: The conclusion must address the aims of the study, and clearly and concisely convey the findings.

Acknowledgments: Acknowledgements can be disclosed to the study funders along with the grant number and grant scheme; the head of the institution who supported and facilitated the study; assistants or experts who helped carry out the study.

Author Contributions: Mention the contributions of each author as Conceptualization; Methodology; Software; Validation; Formal analysis; Investigation; Resources; Data Curation; Writing - Original Draft; Writing - Review & Editing; Visualization; Supervision; Project administration; and Funding acquisition.

Conflicts of Interest: “The authors declare no conflicts of interest” or other statements that need to be disclosed by the author.

References: Alphabetically sorted by name and year of publication in APA Style format. Reference composition should include >80% of journals and <20% of textbooks, others). It is recommended to cite references from the last 10 years. Example reference format:

Journal:
Kilcoyne, I., Magdesian, K. G., Guerra, M., Dechant, J. E., Spier, S. J., & Kass, P. H. (2023). Prevalence of and risk factors associated with Salmonella shedding among equids presented to a veterinary teaching hospital for colic (2013–2018). Equine Veterinary Journal, 55(3), 446–455.

Book:
Chiavaccini, L., & Duffee, L. R. (2024). Horses with Colic. Veterinary Anesthesia and Analgesia: The Sixth Edition of Lumb and Jones, 1217–1234.

Proceedings:
Hill, E. W., Stoffel, M. A., McGivney, B. A., MacHugh, D. E., & Pemberton, J. M. (2022). Inbreeding depression and the probability of racing in the Thoroughbred horse. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 289(1977), 20220487.

Thesis / Dissertation:
Rahmaningtyas, I. H. (2018). Antibacterial Activity of Soursop (Annona muricata L.) Leaf Chloroform Extract on The Growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa In Vitro. [Thesis]. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, 85–87.

B. Case Report, Review Article, and Short Communication
The manuscript is typed using a single-spaced; Times New Roman; font size of 12 points. Each manuscript does not exceed 4500 words or 12 pages of A4 size. The manuscript template can be downloaded through this link.

Preparation of manuscripts for Title and Identity of the author as same as the guidelines of original research.

Abstract: Consisting of at least 200 words and a maximum of 250 words

The composition of the manuscript includes an Abstract, Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results, Discussion, Conclusions, Acknowledgments, Author Contributions, Conflicts of Interest, and References.