The Association of Body Mass Index, Physical Activity and Hypertension in Indonesia
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Introduction: Hypertension can cause cardiovascular disease, and it is still a
serious global problem. The Prevalence of hypertension has increased every year.
Some of the factors associated with hypertension are obesity and physical activity.
The prevalence of obesity has increased every year, and many people have lower
levels of physical activity. This study aims to analyse the correlation between Body
Mass Index (BMI), physical activity and hypertension in Indonesia.
Methods: This study used a cross-sectional study design using secondary data
from the Indonesia Family Life Survey 5 (IFLS5) conducted in 2014 - 2015. The
sample consisted of individuals in the households interviewed and 26,472
Respondents fulfilled the criteria. The data were analysed using multivariate logistic
regression.
Results: The results showed that most of the respondents were of productive age.
More than half of the respondents were female (52.05%). The respondents who
Had hypertension totalled 22.63 %. After being controlled by the covariate
variables, the results showed that the obese respondents had 4.08 times higher
odds of experiencing hypertension compared to the normal respondents (AOR=
4.08, 95% CI = 3.68-4.53, p-value = 0.000) and that the respondents who were
overweight were 2.49 times likely to get hypertension compared to the
respondents who were normal (AOR = 2.49, 95% CI = 2.32-2.67, p-value = 0.000).
Meanwhile, the respondents with an underweight BMI were 0.58 times more likely
to have hypertension compared to the respondents who were normal (AOR = 0.58,
95% CI = 0.52-0.65, p-value = 0.000).
Conclusion: Individuals with a higher BMI will be more at risk of hypertension
While physical activity is not related to hypertension. The government and health
services need to increase the promotion of a healthy lifestyle, exceptionally robust
diet programs, to encourage the population to maintain ideal body weight and
to reduce the rate of hypertension.
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