The Role of Topical Treatment on Vaginal Tightening
Downloads
Background: Physiological changes in a woman's life, such as labor, weight fluctuations, hormonal changes, aging, and menopause, cause changes in both appearance and function of the vagina. As estrogen deficiency continues, changes occur in the form of atrophy and dystrophy in the vaginal mucosa, vulva, and other structures in the urogenital tract which are called symptoms of vulvovaginal atrophy. It affects women's quality of life, self-confidence, and sexuality. As alternative modality for noninvasive therapy, topical therapy in vaginal rejuvenation is becoming available in the care of outpatients. This makes it increasingly important for dermatologists to be well-informed about these treatment options. Purpose: This review aims to assess the role of topical therapy in vaginal rejuvenation, especially in vulvovaginal atrophy cases. Literature Review: Vulvovaginal atrophy has a negative effect on interpersonal relationships, quality of life, daily activities, and sexual function. Topical hormone replacement therapy includes all preparations such as estradiol, estradiol valerate, or conjugated estrogen. considered in cases with vulvovaginal atrophy accompanied by atrophy of the urogenital system as well as the accompanying complaints because this therapy is intended to prevent systemic complications. The topical use of hyaluronic acid, lubricants, moisturizers, and herbs is a therapeutic choice in vulvovaginal atrophy patients contraindicated with estrogen therapy or in patients who do indeed choose nonhormonal therapy. Conclusion: Topical therapy of hormonal and non-hormonal rejuvenation in various studies has shown improvement in symptoms of vaginal dryness, vaginal itching, dyspareunia, cell maturity, and changes in vaginal pH toward acidity.
Vanaman M, Bolton J, Placik O, Fabi SG. Emerging trends in nonsurgical female genital rejuvenation. Dermatol Surg 2016;42(9):1019-29.
Karcher C, Sadick N. Vaginal rejuvenation using energy-based devices. Int J Womens Dermatol 2016;2(3):85-8.
Wilkie G, Bartz D. Vaginal Rejuvenation: A review of female genital cosmetic surgery. Obstet
Gynecol Surv 2018;73(5):287-92.
Krychman ML. Vaginal laxity issues, answers and implications for female sexual function. J Sex Med 2016;13(10):1445-7.
Barbara G, Facchin F, Buggio L, Alberico D, Frattaruolo MP, Kustermann A. Vaginal rejuvenation: current perspectives. Int J Womens Health 2017;9:513-19.
Gold M, Andriessen A, Bader A, Alinsod R, French ES, Guerette N, et al. Review and clinical experience exploring evidence, clinical efficacy, and safety regarding nonsurgical treatment of feminine rejuvenation. J Cosmet Dermatol 2018;17(3):289-97.
Naumova I, Castelo B. Current treatment options for postmenopausal vaginal atrophy. Int J Womens Health 2018;10:387–95.
Setyaningrum T, Tjokroprawiro BA, Listiawan MY, Santoso B, Prakoeswa CRS. Fractional erbium laser in vaginal laxity. Bali Med J 2021; 10(2): 899-903
Setyaningrum T, Listiawan MY, Tjokroprawiro BA, Santoso B, Prakoeswa CRS, Widjiati W. Role of elastin expression in thickening the postpartum vaginal wall in virgin and postpartum rat models. World Vet J 2021; 11(2): 228-34.
Szymański JK, Siekierski BP, Kajdy A, Jakiel G. Post-menopausal vulvovaginal atrophy - an overview of the current treatment options. Ginekol Pol 2018;89(1):40-7.
Samuels JB. Nonsurgical vaginal rejuvenation. Adv Cosmet Surg 2018;1: 75–84
Lethaby A, Ayeleke RO, Roberts H. Local oestrogen for vaginal atrophy in postmenopausal women. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2016;2016(8):CD001500.
Fernandes T, Costa-Paiva LH, Pedro AO, Baccaro LF, Pinto-Neto AM. Efficacy of vaginally applied estrogen, testosterone, or polyacrylic acid on vaginal atrophy: a randomized controlled trial. Menopause 2016;23(7):792-8.
Archer DF. Dehydroepiandrosterone intra vaginal administration for the management of postmenopausal vulvovaginal atrophy. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2015;145:139-43.
Rahn DD, Ward RM, Sanses TV, Carberry C, Mamik MM, Meriwether KV, et al. Vaginal estrogen use in postmenopausal women with pelvic floor disorders: systematic review and practice guidelines. Int Urogynecol J 2015;26(1):3-13.
Caruso S, Cianci S, Amore FF, Ventura B, Bambili E, Spadola S, et al. Quality of life and sexual function of naturally postmenopausal women on an ultralow-concentration estriol vaginal gel. Menopause 2016;23(1):47-54.
Huang AJ, Gregorich SE, Kuppermann M, Nakagawa S, Van Den Eeden SK, Brown JS, et al. Day-to-day impact of vaginal aging questionnaire: a multidimensional measure of the impact of vaginal symptoms on functioning and well-being in postmenopausal women. Menopause 2015;22(2):144-54.
Souza Aieska, E. Bruce. Principal of topical therapy. In: MPH LAGM, Barbara A Gilchrest M, editors. Fitzpatrick Dermatology in General Medicine. 8th ed. New York: McGraw - Hill; 2008; 1: 39-51.
Jokar A, Davari T, Asadi N, Ahmadi F, Foruhari S. Comparison of the hyaluronic acid vaginal cream and conjugated estrogen used in treatment of vaginal atrophy of menopause women: A randomized controlled clinical trial. Int J Community Based Nurs Midwifery 2016;4(1):69-78.
Palmieri B, Vadala M, Fornabio N, and Laurino C. A new vaginal gel for female genital wellness and disease prevention: rationale of a multi-herbal derived treatment on a high-tech pharmaceutical perspective. Am J Phytomed Clin Ther 2016; 4:1-23.
Dizavandi FR, Ghazanfarpour M, Roozbeh N, Kargarfard L, Khadivzadeh T, Dashti S. An overview of the phytoestrogen effect on vaginal health and dyspareunia in peri- and post-menopausal women. Post Reprod Health 2019;25(1):11-20.
Edwards D, Panay N. Treating vulvovaginal atrophy/genitourinary syndrome of menopause: how important is vaginal lubricant and moisturizer composition?. Climacteric 2016;19(2):151-61.
Tedeschi C, Benvenuti C; Research Group EG. Comparison of vaginal gel isoflavones versus no topical treatment in vaginal dystrophy: results of a preliminary prospective study. Gynecol Endocrinol 2012;28(8):652-4.
Lima SM, Yamada SS, Reis BF, Postigo S, Galví£o da Silva MA, Aoki T. Effective treatment of vaginal atrophy with isoflavone vaginal gel. Maturitas 2013;74(3):252-8.
Lorzadeh N, Sepavand F, Soleimaninezhad M, and Kazemirad N. The effect of extract of oak gall for vaginal tightening and rejuvenation in women with vaginal relaxation. Open J Obstet Gynecol 2016;6:879-87.
Copyright (c) 2022 Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
- Copyright of the article is transferred to the journal, by the knowledge of the author, whilst the moral right of the publication belongs to the author.
- The legal formal aspect of journal publication accessibility refers to Creative Commons Atribusi-Non Commercial-Share alike (CC BY-NC-SA), (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/)
- The articles published in the journal are open access and can be used for non-commercial purposes. Other than the aims mentioned above, the editorial board is not responsible for copyright violation
The manuscript authentic and copyright statement submission can be downloaded ON THIS FORM.
