Penuaan Kulit: Patofisiologi dan Manifestasi Klinis
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Latar belakang: Proses penuaan kulit merupakan proses fisiologis yang tidak dapat dihindari. Kulit merupakan bagian tubuh yang paling sering terpapar oleh faktor-faktor luar terutama radiasi sinar ultraviolet, dan karena terlihat oleh orang lain sehingga akan memengaruhi kehidupan sosial individu. Tujuan: Mengetahui patofisiologi dan manifestasi klinis penuaan kulit. Telaah Kepustakaan: Penuaan kulit yang terjadi pada seorang individu merupakan gabungan dari penuaan kulit intrinsik dan penuaan kulit ekstrinsik. Penuaan kulit intrinsik merupakan proses alami yang terjadi seiring bertambahnya usia, dipengaruhi oleh ras, jenis kelamin, gen, hormon, dan sebagainya, sedangkan penuaan kulit ekstrinsik dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor dari lingkungan, seperti gaya hidup, polusi, serta terutama paparan sinar ultraviolet (photoaging). Kedua proses penuaan tersebut akan menyebabkan peningkatan produksi radikal bebas, kerusakan sel, penurunan sintesis matriks ekstraseluler, serta peningkatan aktivitas enzim yang mendegradasi kolagen. Simpulan: Dasar patofisiologi penuaan kulit terutama disebabkan oleh peningkatan radikal bebas, akibat pertambahan usia maupun paparan sinar ultraviolet, sehingga menyebabkan kerusakan sel dan jaringan pada lapisan-lapisan dan adneksa kulit yang akan tampak sebagai manifestasi klinis penuaan kulit.
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