Article Sidebar

Submitted
31 July 2019
Published
14 April 2021
Download
PDF
Statistic
Read Counter : 1244 Download : 1073

Main Article Content

Abstract

Overweight and obesity have been correlated to the higher risk for developing metabolic diseases in later life, i.e. DM type 2. We study the body mass index (BMI), the waist to hip ratio (WHR) and the fasting blood glucose levels (FBG) in the seemingly healthy male and female university students to comprehend these variables amongst the youth in Indonesia in 2019. The BMI and WHR of 150 male and female students aged 18-22 years old of the IIKBW, Kediri were measured by standardised anthropometry. The FBG was measured after 8 hours-minimum of fasting from the capillary blood drop using glucometer. Data was then analysed using SPSS 17 with level of significance of p<0.05. According to Asia-Pacific BMI classification, students were 30.7% obese with males significantly higher than females (p=0.016), 18% overweight (significantly higher in females, p=0.04), 36% normal and 15.3% underweight.When compared between genders, the WHR is significantly higher in males (p<0.001); whilst no significant differences in FBG (p=0.6). Four males and 5 females with FBG ≥ 100 mg/dl, whereas others were within normal limits. There are positive significant correlations between BMI and WHR in males and females (r=0.777, p<0.001; r=0.54, p<0.001, respectively). There is a significant positive correlation between the BMI and FBG with r=0.217, p=0.008; and between the WHR and FBG with r=0.21, p=0.01 amongst all students. In this study, male students have significantly higher BMI and WHR than females. Higher FBG was well observed in students with either higher BMI or WHR.

Keywords

BMI diabetes mellitus obesity.

Article Details

License

Copyright (c) 2021 Folia Medica Indonesiana

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

  • Folia Medica Indonesiana is a scientific peer-reviewed article which freely available to be accessed, downloaded, and used for research purposes. Folia Medica Indonesiana (p-ISSN: 2541-1012; e-ISSN: 2528-2018) is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Manuscripts submitted to Folia Medica Indonesiana are published under the terms of the Creative Commons License. The terms of the license are:

    Attribution ” You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.

    NonCommercial ” You may not use the material for commercial purposes.

    ShareAlike ” If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.

    No additional restrictions ” You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.

    You  are free to :

    Share ” copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format.

    Adapt ” remix, transform, and build upon the material.

Author Biographies

Viskasari Pintoko Kalanjati, Faculty of Medicine - Universitas Airlangga Surabaya

Department of Anatomy and Histology

Ni Wajan Tirthaningsih, Faculty of Medicine - Universitas Airlangga Surabaya

Department of Anatomy and Histology
How to Cite
Oktariza, R. T., Kalanjati, V. P., & Tirthaningsih, N. W. (2021). Body Mass Index, Waist-Hip Ratio and Fasting Blood Glucose Levels amongst the University Students. Folia Medica Indonesiana, 57(1), 53–57. https://doi.org/10.20473/fmi.v57i1.14661
Download Citation
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)
BibTeX

References

  1. ADA (2005). Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care 28, S37-42
  2. Al-Kilani H, Waly M, Yousef R (2012). Trends of obesity and overweight among college students in Oman: a cross sectional study. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J 12, 69–76
  3. Chao CY, Shih CC, Wang CJ, Wu JS, Lu FH, Chang CJ, et al (2012). Low socioeconomic status may increase the risk of central obesity in incoming university students in Taiwan. Obes Res Clin Pract 8, e212–219
  4. Doustjalal SR, Gujjar KR, Sharma R, Nurfatiha M, Firzanah RN, Syukri MKM, et al (2016). Correlation between body mass index (BMI) and waist to hip ratio (WHR) among undergraduate students. Pak Journal of Nutr 15, 618–624
  5. Fu J, Hofker M, Wijmenga C (2015). Apple or pear: size and shape matter. Cell Metab 21, 507–508
  6. Gadekar T, Dudeja P, Basu I, Vashisht S, Mukherji S (2018). Correlation of visceral body fat with waist–hip ratio, waist circumference and body mass index in healthy adults: a cross sectional study. Med J Armed Forces India. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mjafi. 2017.12.001. Accessed May 25, 2019
  7. Hao C, Zhang C, Chen W, Shi Z (2014). Prevalence and risk factors of diabetes and impaired fasting glucose among university applicants in Eastern China: findings from a population-based study. Diabet Med 31, 1194–1198
  8. Howlader MH, Islam AM, Rahman MM, Mili US, Nur RS, Kibria MG (2018). Correlation between body mass index and fasting blood glucose level in a selected group of teenagers in Bangladesh. Medicine Today 30, 74–77
  9. Huang KC, Lue BH, Yen RF, Shen CG, Ho SR, Tai TY, et al (2004). Plasma adiponectin levels and metabolic factors in nondiabetic adolescents. Obes Res 12, 119-124
  10. Khan ZN, Assir MZ, Shafiq M, Chaudhary AE, Jabeen A (2016). High prevalence of preobesity and obesity among medical students of Lahore and its relation with dietary habits and physical activity. Indian J Endocrinol Metab 20, 206–210
  11. Klop B, Elte J, Cabezas M (2013). Dyslipidemia in obesity: mechanisms and potential targets. Nutrients 5, 1218–1240
  12. Mehdad S, Hamrani A, El Kari K, El Hamdouchi A, Barakat A, El Mzibri M, et al (2012). Body mass index, waist circumference, body fat, fasting blood glucose in a sample of Moroccan adolescents aged 11–17 years. J Nutr Metab 2012, 510458
  13. Mishra S, Behera A, Behera B, Dash S (2014). Effect of body mass index on gender difference in lung functions in Indian population. Int J Clin Exp Physiol 1, 229-231
  14. Pengpid S, Peltzer K (2015). Prevalence of overweight and underweight and its associated factors among male and female university students in Thailand. HOMO 66, 176–186
  15. Pengpid S, Peltzer K (2017). The prevalence of underweight, overweight/obesity and their related lifestyle factors in Indonesia, 2014–2015. AIMS Public Health 4, 633–649
  16. PERKENI (2015). Konsensus pengelolaan dan pencegahan diabetes mellitus tipe 2 di Indonesia 2015. Jakarta, Pengurus Besar Perkumpulan Endokrinologi Indonesia, p 12-13
  17. Poobalan A, Aucott L (2016). Obesity among young adults in developing countries: a systematic overview. Curr Obes Rep 5, 2–13
  18. Portero McLellan KC, Wyne K, Villagomez ET, Hsueh WA (2014). Therapeutic interventions to reduce the risk of progression from prediabetes to type 2 diabetes mellitus. Ther Clin Risk Manag 10, 173–188
  19. Rolland YM, Haren MT, Patrick P, Banks WA, Malmstrom TK, Miller DK, et al (2007). Adiponectin levels in obese and non-obese middle-aged African–American women. Obes Res Clin Pract 1, 27–37
  20. Somers A, Rusford E, Hassan M, Erasmus R (2006). Screening for diabetes mellitus in learners residing in the Belhar, Delft and Mfuleni communities of Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa. S Afr Fam Pract 48, 16–16d
  21. Stroud C, Walker LR, Davis M, Irwin CE (2015). Investing in the Health and Well-Being of Young Adults. J Adolesc Health 56, 127–129
  22. WHO (2000). The Asia-Pacific perspective: redefining obesity and its treatment. Sydney, Health Communication. Available from: http//www.wpro.who.int/nutrition/documents/
  23. docs/Redefiningobesity.pdf. Accessed May 26, 2019
  24. WHO (2011). Waist circumference and waist-hip ratio: report of a WHO expert consultation, Geneva 8-11 December 2008. Geneva, WHO Document Production Services, Available from: http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2011/9789241501491_eng.pdf. Accessed May 26, 2019
  25. Yang WS, Lee WJ, Funahashi T, Tanaka S, Matsuzawa Y, Chao CL, et al (2002). Plasma adiponectin levels in overweight and obese asians. Obes Res 10, 1104–1110