Main Article Content
Abstract
Highlights:
- This research compared the hondroregenerative potential between bovine cartilage scaffold with platelet-rich fibrin (BCPRF) and autologous cartilage.
- The formation of newly-regenerated chondrocyte, the thickness of type II collagen, and the rate of cartilage resorption following the subcutaneous implantation were assessed.
- BCPRF is highly biocompatible and can be developed as an alternative to alloplastic porous polyethylene (Medpor) implant material.
Abstract:
The invention of alternative implants with regenerative potential comparable to autologous cartilage continues to be encouraged due to high morbidity of the donor site related to autologous harvesting process. This research attempted an invention of alternative implant using tissue engineering techniques in the form of endogenous regeneration by combining decellularized bovine cartilage scaffold with platelet-rich fibrin (BCPRF) that was implanted subcutaneously. The study aimed to compare the chondroregenerative potential between BCPRF and autologous cartilage in terms of the formation of newly-regenerated chondrocyte, the thickness of type II collagen produced, and the rate of cartilage resorption following the subcutaneous implantation. This study was conducted in a pretest-posttest control group design using New Zealand white rabbits. Forty-eight experimental samples were divided into two groups, then treated with subcutaneous implantation of BCPRF and autologous cartilage respectively. The results were evaluated after six weeks of implantation. Thirty-nine samples were evaluated. There was a significant difference found from both groups in terms of the formation of newly-regenerated chondrocyte, the thickness of type II collagen (p=0.000), and the implant resorption rate (p=0.000). The microscopic images demonstrated a superior chondroregenerative potential in the group receiving implantation of autologous cartilage compared to the group receiving BCPRF. The chondroregenerative potential for autologous cartilage and BCPRF differed significantly in terms of the formation of newly-regenerated chondrocyte, the deposition of type II collagen matrix, as well as the resorption rate.
Keywords
Article Details
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References
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- Barakat NAM, Khalil KA, Sheikh FA, et al (2008). Physiochemical characterizations of hydroxyapatite extracted from bovine bones by three different methods: Extraction of biologically desirable HAp. Mater Sci Eng C 28, 1381–7.
- Bimoseno CH, Utomo DN, Widhiyanto L (2022). Analysis of microscopic characteristics of cartilage, synovial membrane, and subchondral bone in collagenase induction model of knee osteoarthritis Rattus Norvegicus. J Exp Clin Med 39, 975-9.
- Choukroun J, Diss A, Simonpieri A, et al (2006a). Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF): A second-generation platelet concentrate. Part V: Histologic evaluations of PRF effects on bone allograft maturation in sinus lift. Oral Surgery, Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endodontology 101, 299–303.
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- Crecente-Campo J, Borrajo E, Vidal A, et al (2017). New scaffolds encapsulating TGF-β3/BMP-7 combinations driving strong chondrogenic differentiation. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 114, 69–78.
- Dohan Ehrenfest DM, Del Corso M, Diss A, et al (2010). Three-Dimensional Architecture and Cell Composition of a Choukroun's Platelet-Rich Fibrin Clot and Membrane. J Periodontol 81, 546–55.
- Dohan Ehrenfest DM, Rasmusson L, Albrektsson T (2009). Classification of platelet concentrates: From pure platelet-rich plasma (P-PRP) to leucocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF). Trends Biotechnol 27, 158–67.
- Gariboldi MI, Best SM (2015). Effect of ceramic scaffold architectural parameters on biological response. Front Bioeng Biotechnol.
- Ghanaati S, Booms P, Orlowska A, et al (2014). Advanced platelet-rich fibrin: A new concept for cell-based tissue engineering by means of inflammatory cells. J Oral Implantol 40, 679–89.
- Gulati K, Poluri KM (2015). Chemoattractants, scaffolds and endogenous stem cells: Adorable partners of in situ tissue regeneration. Austin J Biotechnol Bioeng 2, 1052.
- Gunter J, Cochran CS, Marin VP (2008). Dorsal augmentation with autogenous rib cartilage. Semin Plast Surg 22, 074–89.
- He L, Lin Y, Hu X, et al (2009). A comparative study of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on the effect of proliferation and differentiation of rat osteoblasts in vitro. Oral Surgery, Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endodontology 108, 707–13.
- Kobayashi E, Flückiger L, Fujioka-Kobayashi M, et al (2016). Comparative release of growth factors from PRP, PRF, and advanced-PRF. Clin Oral Investig 20, 2353–60.
- Li X, Yi W, Jin A, et al (2015). Effects of sequentially released BMP-2 and BMP-7 from PELA microcapsule-based scaffolds on the bone regeneration. Am J Transl Res 7, 1417–28.
- Lin H, Tang Y, Lozito TP, et al (2019). Efficient in vivo bone formation by BMP-2 engineered human mesenchymal stem cells encapsulated in a projection stereolithographically fabricated hydrogel scaffold. Stem Cell Res Ther 10, 254.
- Loh QL, Choong C (2013). Three-dimensional scaffolds for tissue engineering applications: role of porosity and pore size. Tissue Eng Part B Rev 19, 485–502.
- Mischkowski RA, Domingos-Hadamitzky C, Siessegger M, et al (2008). Donor-site morbidity of ear cartilage autografts. Plast Reconstr Surg 121, 79–87.
- Moon BJ, Lee HJ, Jang YJ (2012). Outcomes following rhinoplasty using autologous costal cartilage. Arch Facial Plast Surg.
- Nakayama N, Duryea D, Manoukian R, et al (2003). Macroscopic cartilage formation with embryonic stem-cell-derived mesodermal progenitor cells. J Cell Sci 116, 2015–28.
- Odelius K, Höglund A, Kumar S, et al (2011). Porosity and pore size regulate the degradation product profile of polylactide. Biomacromolecules 12, 1250–8.
- Park I-K, Cho C-S (2010). Stem cell-assisted approaches for cartilage tissue engineering. Int J Stem Cells 3, 96–102.
- Peer LA (1954). Cartilage grafting. Br J Plast Surg 7, 250–62.
- Pradeep AR, Rao NS, Agarwal E, et al (2012). Comparative evaluation of autologous platelet"rich fibrin and platelet"rich plasma in the treatment of 3"wall intrabony defects in chronic periodontitis: A randomized controlled clinical trial. J Periodontol 83, 1499–507.
- Revell CM, Athanasiou KA (2009). Success rates and immunologic responses of autogenic, allogenic, and xenogenic treatments to repair articular cartilage defects. Tissue Eng Part B Rev 15, 1–15.
- Rhatomy S, Setyawan R, Romulo MA (2021). Enhancement of chondrogenesis in hypoxic precondition culture: A systematic review. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 9, 492–504.
- Soria-Gondek A, Oviedo-Gutiérrez M, Martín-Lluís A, et al (2022). Modified ravitch procedure and autologous cartilage graft for pectus arcuatum. Ann Thorac Surg 114, e105–7.
- Utomo DN, Rantam FA (2017). Regeneration mechanism of full thickness cartilage defect using combination of freeze dried bovine cartilage scaffold–Allogenic bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells–platelet rich plasma composite (SMPC) implantation. J Biomimetic, Biomater Biomed Eng 31, 70–82.
- Utomo D N, Sari I B K. (2019). The Effect of Decellularization Technique on Collagen type II and Materices Porosity of Cartilage Bovine Scafold. Journal Orthopaedi and Traumatology Surabaya 7, 42–54
- Utomo DN,Yusbida A (2019).Cytotoxic effect of freeze dried bovine cartilage powder and platelet rich plasma (prp) to mesenchymal stem cell (mscs). Journal Orthopaedi and Traumatology 6, 16- 23.
- Vinatier C, Bouffi C, Merceron C, et al (2009). Cartilage tissue engineering: towards a biomaterial-assisted mesenchymal stem cell therapy. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 4, 318–29.
- Wee JH, Park M-H, Oh S, et al (2015). Complications associated with autologous rib cartilage use in rhinoplasty: A meta-analysis. JAMA Facial Plast Surg 17, 49–55.
References
Araco A, Gravante G, Araco F, et al (2006). Autologous cartilage graft rhinoplasties. Aesthetic Plast Surg 30, 169–74.
Barakat NAM, Khalil KA, Sheikh FA, et al (2008). Physiochemical characterizations of hydroxyapatite extracted from bovine bones by three different methods: Extraction of biologically desirable HAp. Mater Sci Eng C 28, 1381–7.
Bimoseno CH, Utomo DN, Widhiyanto L (2022). Analysis of microscopic characteristics of cartilage, synovial membrane, and subchondral bone in collagenase induction model of knee osteoarthritis Rattus Norvegicus. J Exp Clin Med 39, 975-9.
Choukroun J, Diss A, Simonpieri A, et al (2006a). Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF): A second-generation platelet concentrate. Part V: Histologic evaluations of PRF effects on bone allograft maturation in sinus lift. Oral Surgery, Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endodontology 101, 299–303.
Choukroun J, Diss A, Simonpieri A, et al (2006b). Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF): A second-generation platelet concentrate. Part IV: Clinical effects on tissue healing. Oral Surgery, Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endodontology 101, e56–60.
Crecente-Campo J, Borrajo E, Vidal A, et al (2017). New scaffolds encapsulating TGF-β3/BMP-7 combinations driving strong chondrogenic differentiation. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 114, 69–78.
Dohan Ehrenfest DM, Del Corso M, Diss A, et al (2010). Three-Dimensional Architecture and Cell Composition of a Choukroun's Platelet-Rich Fibrin Clot and Membrane. J Periodontol 81, 546–55.
Dohan Ehrenfest DM, Rasmusson L, Albrektsson T (2009). Classification of platelet concentrates: From pure platelet-rich plasma (P-PRP) to leucocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF). Trends Biotechnol 27, 158–67.
Gariboldi MI, Best SM (2015). Effect of ceramic scaffold architectural parameters on biological response. Front Bioeng Biotechnol.
Ghanaati S, Booms P, Orlowska A, et al (2014). Advanced platelet-rich fibrin: A new concept for cell-based tissue engineering by means of inflammatory cells. J Oral Implantol 40, 679–89.
Gulati K, Poluri KM (2015). Chemoattractants, scaffolds and endogenous stem cells: Adorable partners of in situ tissue regeneration. Austin J Biotechnol Bioeng 2, 1052.
Gunter J, Cochran CS, Marin VP (2008). Dorsal augmentation with autogenous rib cartilage. Semin Plast Surg 22, 074–89.
He L, Lin Y, Hu X, et al (2009). A comparative study of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on the effect of proliferation and differentiation of rat osteoblasts in vitro. Oral Surgery, Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endodontology 108, 707–13.
Kobayashi E, Flückiger L, Fujioka-Kobayashi M, et al (2016). Comparative release of growth factors from PRP, PRF, and advanced-PRF. Clin Oral Investig 20, 2353–60.
Li X, Yi W, Jin A, et al (2015). Effects of sequentially released BMP-2 and BMP-7 from PELA microcapsule-based scaffolds on the bone regeneration. Am J Transl Res 7, 1417–28.
Lin H, Tang Y, Lozito TP, et al (2019). Efficient in vivo bone formation by BMP-2 engineered human mesenchymal stem cells encapsulated in a projection stereolithographically fabricated hydrogel scaffold. Stem Cell Res Ther 10, 254.
Loh QL, Choong C (2013). Three-dimensional scaffolds for tissue engineering applications: role of porosity and pore size. Tissue Eng Part B Rev 19, 485–502.
Mischkowski RA, Domingos-Hadamitzky C, Siessegger M, et al (2008). Donor-site morbidity of ear cartilage autografts. Plast Reconstr Surg 121, 79–87.
Moon BJ, Lee HJ, Jang YJ (2012). Outcomes following rhinoplasty using autologous costal cartilage. Arch Facial Plast Surg.
Nakayama N, Duryea D, Manoukian R, et al (2003). Macroscopic cartilage formation with embryonic stem-cell-derived mesodermal progenitor cells. J Cell Sci 116, 2015–28.
Odelius K, Höglund A, Kumar S, et al (2011). Porosity and pore size regulate the degradation product profile of polylactide. Biomacromolecules 12, 1250–8.
Park I-K, Cho C-S (2010). Stem cell-assisted approaches for cartilage tissue engineering. Int J Stem Cells 3, 96–102.
Peer LA (1954). Cartilage grafting. Br J Plast Surg 7, 250–62.
Pradeep AR, Rao NS, Agarwal E, et al (2012). Comparative evaluation of autologous platelet"rich fibrin and platelet"rich plasma in the treatment of 3"wall intrabony defects in chronic periodontitis: A randomized controlled clinical trial. J Periodontol 83, 1499–507.
Revell CM, Athanasiou KA (2009). Success rates and immunologic responses of autogenic, allogenic, and xenogenic treatments to repair articular cartilage defects. Tissue Eng Part B Rev 15, 1–15.
Rhatomy S, Setyawan R, Romulo MA (2021). Enhancement of chondrogenesis in hypoxic precondition culture: A systematic review. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 9, 492–504.
Soria-Gondek A, Oviedo-Gutiérrez M, Martín-Lluís A, et al (2022). Modified ravitch procedure and autologous cartilage graft for pectus arcuatum. Ann Thorac Surg 114, e105–7.
Utomo DN, Rantam FA (2017). Regeneration mechanism of full thickness cartilage defect using combination of freeze dried bovine cartilage scaffold–Allogenic bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells–platelet rich plasma composite (SMPC) implantation. J Biomimetic, Biomater Biomed Eng 31, 70–82.
Utomo D N, Sari I B K. (2019). The Effect of Decellularization Technique on Collagen type II and Materices Porosity of Cartilage Bovine Scafold. Journal Orthopaedi and Traumatology Surabaya 7, 42–54
Utomo DN,Yusbida A (2019).Cytotoxic effect of freeze dried bovine cartilage powder and platelet rich plasma (prp) to mesenchymal stem cell (mscs). Journal Orthopaedi and Traumatology 6, 16- 23.
Vinatier C, Bouffi C, Merceron C, et al (2009). Cartilage tissue engineering: towards a biomaterial-assisted mesenchymal stem cell therapy. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 4, 318–29.
Wee JH, Park M-H, Oh S, et al (2015). Complications associated with autologous rib cartilage use in rhinoplasty: A meta-analysis. JAMA Facial Plast Surg 17, 49–55.