The Effectiveness Combination of Maggot with Commercial Feed on Growth, Structure of Intestine and Skeletal Muscle Mutiara Catfish
Maggot (Black soldier fly larvae) as an alternative source of protein on feed can increase fish productivity. The research aims to study maggot flour as an alternative source of protein in feed on the growth, structure of the intestine organs and skeletal muscles of Mutiara catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell, 1822). The research used 144 Mutiara catfish that were kept for 21 days. The research used a completely randomized design consisting of 4 groups, namely 0% maggot in feed (Control), 25% maggot in feed (P1), 50% maggot in feed (P2), 75% maggot in feed (P3). The parameters consist of the growth, the structure of intestine and skeletal muscle of Mutiara catfish. Growth observations consist of measurements of the absolute length and weight of the fish. Intestine observations consisted of length and weight, as well as tissue structure consisting of villi height, crypt depth, villi / crypt ratio and villi area area. Skeletal muscle observations consist of muscle weight and tissue structure consisting of the diameter and area of muscle fibers. Data analysis was performed with one-way anova, followed by the Duncan Test. The results showed that 75% maggot feed gave significant results on absolute weight, structure of intestine and muscle organs compared to other treatments (P <0.05). The absolute length did not provide a significant difference between treatments (P> 0.05). The conclusion shows that 75% maggot feed can be used as an alternative source of feed protein because it can increase the growth, structure of the intestine organs and skeletal muscles of the Mutiara catfish.
Apriliana, R., Basuki, F., and Agung, R., 2017. Pengaruh pemberian recombinant growth hormone (rGH) dengan dosis berbeda pada pakan buatan terhadap pertumbuhan dan kelulushidupan benih ikan tawes (Puntius sp.). Jurnal Sains Akuakultur Tropis. 2(1), pp. 49-58. https://doi.org/10.14710/sat.v2i1.2561
Azizi, S., Nematollahi, M.A., Amiri, B.M., Velez, E.J., Lutfi, E., Navarro, I., Capilla, E., and Gutierrez, J., 2016. Lysine and leucine deficiencies affect myocytes development and IGF signaling in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata). PLoS ONE, 11(1), e0147618. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0147618
Bancroft, J., Layton, C., and Suvarna, K., 2012. Bancoft's theory and practice of histological techniques. 7ed. Sheffield UK, Churchill Livingstone. pp. 69-185.
Belghit, I., Liland, N.S., Gjesdal, P., Biancarosa, I., Menchetti, E., Li, Y., Waagabo, R., Krogdhal, A., and Lock, E.J., 2018. Black soldier fly larvae meal can replace fish meal in diets of sea-water phase Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Aquaculture. 503, pp. 609-619. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2018.12.032
Beski, S.S.M., Swick, R.A., and Iji, P.A., 2015. Specialized protein products in broiler chicken nutrition. Review Articel, 1(2), pp. 47-53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aninu.2015.05.005
Buwono. D.I., Junianto, J., Iskandar, I., and Alimudin, A., 2019. Growth and expression level of growth hormone in transgenic mutiara catfish second generation. Journal of Biotech Research, 10, pp. 102-109. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-020-00628-8
Cheng, J.H., Sun, D.W., Han, Z., and Zeng, X.A., 2014. Texture and structure measurement and analyses for evaluation of fish and fillet freshness quality : A review. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, 13(1), pp. 52-61. https://doi.org/10.1111/1541-4337.12043
Fard, S.H., Toghyani, M., and Tabeidian, S.A., 2014. Effect of oyster mushroom wastes on performance immune responses and intestine morphology of broiler chickens. The Journal of Int J Recycl Org Waste Agriculture, 3(4), pp.141-146. https://doi 10.1007/s40093-014-0076-9
Fawole, F.J., Adeoye, A.A., Tiamiyu, L.O., Ajala, K.I., Obadara, S.O., and Oluwaseun, G.I., 2019. Substituting fishmeal with Hermetia illucens in the diets of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus): Effects on growth, nutrient utilization, haemato-physiological response, and oxidative stress biomarker. Aquaculture, 734849. https://doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2019.73
Fuentes, E.N., Valdes, J.A., Molina, A., and Björnsson, B.T., 2013. Regulation of skeletal muscle growth in fish by the growth hormone–insulin-like growth factor system. General and Comparative Endrocrinology, 192, pp. 1-13. https://doi: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2013.06.009
Gam, L.H., Leow, C.Y., and Baie, S., 2005. Amino acid composition of snakehead fish (Channa striatus) of various sizes obtained at different times of the year. Malaysia Journal of Pharmacautical Sciences, 3(2), pp. 19- 30.
Hernandez, D.R., Gianeselli, M.P., and Domitrovic, H.A., 2009. Morphology histology and histochemistry of the digestive system of South American Catfish (Rhamdia quelen). International Journal Morphology, 27(1), pp. 105-111. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0717-95022009000100019
Ikpegbu, E., Nlebedum, U.C., and Ibe, C.S., 2014. The histology and mucin histochemistry of the farmed juvenile African Catfish digestive tract (Clarias gariepinus B). Studia Universitatis "Vasile Goldis”, Seria Stiintele Vietii, 24(1), pp.125-131.
Johnstone, I.A.N., 2001. Muscle and development. Academic Press, San Diego, California, pp.104-105.
Jun, C., Dai, C.L., Zhang, X., Cui, K., Xu, F., and Xu, Y.Q., 2006. Alanyl-glutamine dipeptide inhibits hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Word Journal Gastroent, 12(9), pp. 1373-1378. https://doi:10.3748/wjg.v12.i9.1373
Ishan, Z.K., Muhammad, I.I., Mistika, Z., and Nawangsari., 2018. Gambaran histopatologi dan kemampuan regenerasi duodenum tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus) jantan dewasa setelah penghentian pajanan monosodium glutamat. Jurnal cerebellum, 4(4), pp.1193-1202. https://jurnal.untan.ac.id/index.php/jfk/article/view/32880
Khan, S., Khan, R.U., Sultan, A., Khan, M., Hayat, S.U., and Shahid, M.S., 2016. Evaluating the suitability of maggot meal as a partial substitute of soya bean on the productive traits, digestibility indices and organoleptic properties of broiler meat. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, 100(4), pp. 649–656. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpn.12419
Li, S., Ji, H., Zhang, B., Tian, J., Zhou, J., and Yu, H., 2016. Influence of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae oil on growth performance, body composition, tissue fatty acid composition and lipid deposition in juvenile Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian). Aquaculture, 465, pp. 43–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2016.08.020
Rajput, N., Muhammad, N., Yan, R., Zhong, X., and Wang, T., 2013. Effect of dietary supplementation of curcumin on growth performance intestine morphology and nutrients utilization of broiler chicks. Journal Japan Poult Sci Assoc, 50, pp. 44-52. https://doi.org/10.2141/jpsa.0120065
Rambet, V., Umboh, J.F., Tulung, Y.L.R., and Kowel, Y.H.S., 2016. Kecernaan protein dan energi ransum broiler yang menggunakan tepung maggot (Hermetia illucens) sebagai pengganti tepung ikan. Journal Zootek, 36(1), pp. 13-22. https://doi.org/10.35792/zot.36.1.2016.9314
Sampath, W.W.H.A., Zhang, Y., Liu, J., Yang, M., Zhang, W., and Mai, K., 2020. Dietary taurine improves muscle growth and texture characteristics in juvenile turbot (Scophtalmus maximus). Aquaculture Reports, 17:100305. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aqrep.2020.100305
Saragih, H.T.S.S.G., Alawi, M.F., Rafieiy, M., Lesmana, I., and Sudjamiko, H., 2016. Pakan aditif ekstrak etanol lumut hati meningkatkan pertumbuhan morfologi duodenum dan perkembangan otot dada ayam pedaging. Jurnal Veteriner, 18(4), pp. 617-623. https://doi.org/10.19087/jveteriner.2017.18.4.617
Setiawan, H., Jingga, M.E., and Saragih, H.T., 2018. The effect of cashew leaf extract on small intestine morphology and growth performance of Jawa Super Chicken. Veterinary World, 11(8), pp. 1047-1054. https://doi.org/ 10.14202/vetworld.2018.1047-1054
Walrand, S., 2019. Nutrition and skeletal muscle. Academic Press, London, pp. 139-150, 263-271.
Wardhana, A.H., 2016. Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) sebagai sumber protein alternatif untuk pakan ternak. Wartazoa, 26(2), pp. 69-78. http://dx.doi.org/10.14334/wartazoa.v26i2.1218
Warisan., Sasanti, A.D., and Yulisman., 2018. Kandungan lisin dan pertumbuhan ikan gabus (Channa striata) yang diberi pakan berbeda. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal. Unsri Press, pp. 384-393.
Wei, Z., Ma, J., Pan, X., Mu, H., Li, J., Shentu, J., Zhang, W., and Mai, K., 2016. Dietary hydroxyproline improves the growth and muscle quality of large yellow croaker Larimichtys crocea. Aquaculture, 464, pp.497-504. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2016.07.015
Yanuar, V., 2017. Pengaruh pemberian jenis pakan yang berbeda terhadap laju pertumbuhan benih ikan nila (Oreochromis nilocticus) dan kualitas air di akuarium pemeliharaan. Ziraa'ah Majalah Ilmiah Pertanian, 42(2), pp. 91-99. https://doi.org/10.31602/zmip.v42i2.772
Zhao, Y., Li, J.Y., Jiang, Q., Zhou, X.Q., Feng, L., Liu, Yang., Jiang, W.D., Wu, P., Zhou, J., Zhao, J., and Jiang, J., 2020. Leucine imrpoved growth, and muscle protein deposititon through AKT/TOR and AKT/FOXO3a signaling pathways in hybrid catfish Pelteobagrus vachelli X Leiocassis longirostris. Article Cells, 9(237), pp. 1-22. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells9020327
Copyright (c) 2021 haris Setiawan
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
1. The copyright of this journal belongs to the Editorial Board, based on the author's consent, while the moral rights of the publication belong to the author(s).
2. The formal legal aspect of journal accessibility refers to the same Creative Common Attribution + Noncommercial + ShareAlike (CC BY-NC-SA), implying that publication can be used for non-commercial purposes in its original form.
3. Every publication (printed/electronic) is open access for educational, research and library purposes. In addition to the objectives stated above, the editorial board is not responsible for copyright infringement
.png)
