Correlation between Adolescents' Temperament and Internet Addiction Levels in Junior High School in Surabaya, Indonesia
Downloads
Background: Internet addiction has become a serious problem in the world, especially for adolescents. Temperament plays an important role in influencing internet addiction in adolescents. Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between students' characteristics and temperament with their internet addiction levels in one of the junior high schools in Surabaya, Indonesia. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study, which used primary data that was obtained from students who filled out a questionnaire. The study sample included 114 students in one of the junior high schools in Surabaya. The dependent variable was the internet addiction level; the dependent variables were gender, age, student grade, and temperament. An Internet Addiction Test (IAT) and an Early Adolescents Temperament Questionnaire-Revised (EATQ-R) were the tools used for data collection. Data was collected in November 2019. The sample selection was done through the stratified random sampling technique. The data was subsequently analyzed using the Fisher's exact and Spearman correlation tests. Results: There was a significant positive correlation between age (p<0.01), student grade (p<0.05), negative affectivity (p<0.01), and surgency (p<0.05) toward internet addiction levels. There was a significant negative correlation observed between effortful control (p<0.05) and internet addiction levels. Conclusion: There was a significant relationship between age, student grade, negative affectivity, surgency, and effortful control and adolescents' internet addiction levels.
Abdullah, M. Q. (2017). The Relationship between internet addiction and temperament among children and adolescents. Psychology and Behavioral Science International Journal, 5(5), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.19080/pbsij.2017.05.555674
Ballarotto, G., Volpi, B., Marzilli, E., & Tambelli, R. (2018). Adolescent internet abuse: a study on the role of attachment to parents and peers in a large community sample. BioMed Research International, 2018, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/5769250
Castellacci, F., & Tveito, V. (2018). Internet use and well-being: a survey and a theoretical framework. Research Policy, 47(1), 308–325. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2017.11.007
ÄŒernja, I., Vejmelka, L., & Rajter, M. (2019). Internet addiction test: Croatian preliminary study. BMC Psychiatry, 19(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-019-2366-2
Cheng, C., & Li, A. Y. L. (2014). Internet addiction prevalence and quality of (real) life: a meta-analysis of 31 nations across seven world regions. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 17(12), 755–760. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2014.0317
Fields, M. A., Cole, P. M., & Maggi, M. C. (2018). Toddler emotional states, temperamental traits, and their interaction: associations with mothers' and fathers' parenting. Journal of Research in Personality, 67, 106–119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2016.05.007.Toddler
Gervasi, A. M., Marca, L. La, Lombardo, E. M. C., Mannino, G., Lacolino, C., & Schimmenti, A. (2017). Maladaptive personality traits and internet addiction symptoms among young. Clinical Neuropsychiatry, 14(1), 20–28.
Hirvonen, R., Väänänen, J., Aunola, K., Ahonen, T., & Kiuru, N. (2018). Adolescents' and mothers' temperament types and their roles in early adolescents' socioemotional functioning. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 42(5), 453–463. https://doi.org/10.1177/0165025417729223
Karacic, S., & Oreskovic, S. (2017). Internet addiction through the phase of adolescence: a questionnaire study. JMIR Mental Health, 4(2), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.2196/mental.5537
Khan, M. A., Shabbir, F., & Rajput, T. A. (2017). Effect of gender and physical activity on internet addiction in medical students. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences, 33(1), 191–194. https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.331.11222
Kurniasanti, K. S., Assandi, P., Ismail, R. I., Nasrun, M. W. S., & Wiguna, T. (2019). Internet addiction: a new addiction? Medical Journal of Indonesia, 28(1), 82–91. https://doi.org/10.13181/mji.v28i1.2752
Li, X., Newman, J., Li, D., & Zhang, H. (2016). Temperament and adolescent problematic Internet use: The mediating role of deviant peer affiliation. Computers in Human Behavior, 60, 342–350. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.02.075
Mohammadkhani, P., Alkasir, E., Pourshahbaz, A., Dehkordi, F. J., & Sefat, E. S. (2017). Internet addiction in high school students and its relationship with the symptoms of mental disorders. Iranian Rehabilitation Journal, 15(2), 141–148. https://doi.org/10.18869/nrip.irj.15.2.141
Ningrum, S. D., & Soeharto, T. N. E. D. (2015). Hubungan pola asuh otoriter orang tua dengan bullying di sekolah pada siswa SMP. Jurnal Indigenous, 13(1), 29–38.
Okwaraji, F. E., Aguwa, E. N., Onyebueke, G. C., Arinze-Onyia, S. U., & Shiweobi-Eze, C. (2015). Gender, age and class in school differences in internet addiction and psychological distress among adolescents in a Nigerian urban city. International Neuropsychiatric Disease Journal, 4(3), 123–131. https://doi.org/10.9734/indj/2015/18933
Pace, U., Zappulla, C., Guzzo, G., Di Maggio, R., Laudani, C., & Cacioppo, M. (2014). Internet addiction, temperament, and the moderator role of family emotional involvement. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 12(1), 52–63. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-013-9468-8
Putnam, S. P., Ellis, L. K., & Rothbart, M. K. (2001). The structure of temperament from infancy through adolescence. In Eliasz, A., Angleitner, A. (Eds.), Advances/proceedings in research on temperament (pp. 165–182). Pabst Scientist.
Ramadhana, A. K. (2015). Hubungan adiksi internet dengan tingkat kecemasan pada mahasiswa pendidikan dokter fakultas kedokteran Universitas Syiah Kuala. Faculty of Medicine. Universitas Syiah Kuala Darussalam Banda Aceh. Retrieved March 20, 2020, from https://etd.unsyiah.ac.id/baca/index.php?id=12024&page=1
Ramadhianti, N., & Alfiasari, A. (2017). Temperamen, interaksi ibu-remaja, dan kecerdasan emosi remaja pada keluarga dengan ibu bekerja di pedesaan. Jurnal Ilmu Keluarga dan Konsumen, 10(2), 132–142. https://doi.org/10.24156/jikk.2017.10.2.132
Rothbart, M. K., & Bates, J. E. (2006). Temperament in children's development. In N. Eisenberg, W. Damon, & R. M. Lerner (Eds.), Handbook of child psychology: social, emotional, and personality development (6th ed., Vol. 3). New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Santos, V., Freire, R., Zugliani, M., Cirillo, P., Santos, H. H. ., Nardi, A. E., & King, A. L. S. (2017). Treatment outcomes in patients with internet addiction and anxiety. Medical Express, 4(2), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.5935/medicalexpress.2017.02.06
Sari, A. P., Ilyas, A., & Ifdil, I. (2017). Tingkat kecanduan internet pada remaja awal. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Indonesia, 3(2), 110–117. https://doi.org/10.29210/02018190
Setiawati, Y., Wahyuhadi, J., Mukono, H. J., Warsiki, E., Fitriyah, I., Dwiyatna, A. A., & Dharmawan, A. (2020). The effect of plumbum, zinc and zinc ratio on plumbum in children's temperament. Medico-Legal Update, 20(2), 801–806.
Shek, D. T. L., & Yu, L. (2016). Adolescent internet addiction in Hong Kong: prevalence, change, and correlates. Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, 29(1), S22–S30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpag.2015.10.005
Wang, L., Tao, T., Fan, C., Gao, W., & Wei, C. (2017). The association between internet addiction and both impulsivity and effortful control and its variation with age. Addiction Research & Theory, 25(1), 83–90. https://doi.org/10.1080/16066359.2016.1206082
Wang, W., Li, D., Li, X., Wang, Y., Sun, W., Zhao, L., & Qiu, L. (2018). Parent-adolescent relationship and adolescent internet addiction: A moderated mediation model. Addictive Behaviors, 84, 171–177. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.04.015
Wu, X.-S., Zhang, Z.-H., Zhao, F., Wang, W.-J., Li, Y.-F., Bi, L., ... Sun, Y.-H. (2016). Prevalence of internet addiction and its association with social support and other related factors among adolescents in China. Journal of Adolescence, 52, 103–111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2016.07.012
Yang, S.-Y., Lin, C.-Y., Huang, Y.-C., & Chang, J.-H. (2018). Gender differences in the association of smartphone use with the vitality and mental health of adolescent students. Journal of American College Health, 66(7), 693–701. https://doi.org/10.1080/07448481.2018.1454930
Young, K. S. (1999). Internet addiction: evaluation and treatment. BMJ, 319(Suppl 4), 9910351. https://doi.org/10.1136/sbmj.9910351
Zhang, H., Li, D., & Li, X. (2015). Temperament and problematic internet use in adolescents: a moderated mediation model of maladaptive cognition and parenting styles. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 24(7), 1886–1897. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-014-9990-8
- Every manuscript submitted to must observe the policy and terms set by the Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi
- Publication rights to manuscript content published by the Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi is owned by the journal with the consent and approval of the author(s) concerned. (download copyright agreement)
- Complete texts of electronically published manuscripts can be accessed free of charge if used for educational and research purposes according to copyright regulations.
JBE by Universitas Airlangga is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
