CHILD FEEDING PRACTICE, SANITATION HYGIENE, AND OTHER FACTORS OF DIARRHEA IN CHILDREN AGED 6-23 MONTHS IN INDONESIA: ANALYSIS OF IDHS 2017
Downloads
Diarrhea remains one of the major contributors of under five children mortality worldwide. IDHS 2017 data show that 6-23 month-old children have the highest diarrhea prevalence. The objective of this research is to analyze the association of child feeding practices (early initiation of breastfeeding, continued breastfeeding, bottle feeding, MDD, MMF, MAD); sanitation hygiene (source of drinking water, treatment of drinking water, toilet facility, handwashing facility); healthcare utilization factors (immunization status, vitamin A in the last 6 months); and socio-demographic factors (maternal age, maternal education, maternal working status, economic status, residence) with diarrhea incidence in 6-23 month-old children in Indonesia. This cross-sectional study included a total of 4,030 children aged 6-23 months from IDHS 2017. Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression were applied to analyze factors associated with diarrhea. It was found that the prevalence of diarrhea was 19.8% in 2017. Bivariate analysis shows that diarrhea was significantly associated with continued breastfeeding, bottle feeding, toilet facility, source of drinking water, maternal age, economic status, and place of residence. Furthermore, multivariate analysis results in some variables have a statistically significant association with diarrhea, which are the use of bottle feeding, non-improved toilet facility, maternal age 15-29 years, and low maternal education. The dominant factor associated with diarrhea was toilet facility (OR=1.500, 95% CI 1.262-1.784). Healthy latrines utilization, cleaning baby bottle properly, and enhancing health education for mothers are pivotal to prevent diarrhea and maintain children's health at 6-23 months.
WHO. Diarrhoeal Disease [Internet]. 2017. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/diarrhoeal-disease
Checkley W, Buckley G, Gilman RH, Assis AM, Guerrant RL, Morris SS, et al. Multi-Country Analysis of the Effects of Diarrhoea on Childhood Stunting. Int J Epidemiol. [Internet]. 2008;37(4):816–830. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fije%2Fdyn099
Indonesian Ministry of Health. Hasil Utama Riskesdas 2018 [Internet]. Jakarta: Indonesian Ministry of Health; 2018. Available from: https://kesmas.kemkes.go.id/assets/upload/dir_519d41d8cd98f00/files/Hasil-riskesdas-2018_1274.pdf
National Population and Family Planning Board, Central Bureau of Statistics, Health IM of, US Agency for International Development. Indonesia Health and Demographic Survey 2017 [Internet]. Jakarta: Directorate of Population and Employment Statistics, Central Bureau of Statistics; 2018. Available from: https://dhsprogram.com/pubs/pdf/FR342/FR342.pdf
Lamberti LM, Walker CLF, Noiman A, Victora C, Black RE. Breastfeeding and the Risk for Diarrhea Morbidity and Mortality. BMC Public Health [Internet]. 2011;11(Suppl 3):1–12. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-11-S3-S15
Ogbo FA, Page A, Idoko J, Claudio F, Agho KE. Diarrhoea and Suboptimal Feeding Practices in Nigeria: Evidence from the National Household Surveys. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol [Internet]. 2016;30(4):346–355. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/ppe.12293
Nurhalina N, Purbayanti D, Ardina R, Fitriyanto M. Pengaruh Pemberian MP-ASI terhadap Tingkat Morbiditas Anak di Indonesia (Analisis Data SDKI Tahun 2017). J Surya Med [Internet]. 2020;5(2):160–168. Available from: https://doi.org/10.33084/jsm.v5i2.1324
WHO. Infant and Young Child Feeding: Model Chapter for Textbooks for Medical Students and Allied Health Professionals [Internet]. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2009. Available from: https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/44117/9789241597494_eng.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
Asfaha KF, Tesfamichael FA, Fisseha GK, Misgina KH, Weldu MG, Welehaweria NB, Gebregiorgis YS. Determinants of Childhood Diarrhea in Medebay Zana District, Northwest Tigray, Ethiopia: A Community Based Unmatched Case-Control Study. BMC Pediatr [Internet]. 2018;18(1):1–9. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-018-1098-7
Kalakheti B, Panthee K, Jain KC. Risk Factors of Diarrhea in Children Under Five Years in Urban Slums. J Lumbini Med Coll [Internet]. 2016;4(2):94–98. Available from: https://doi.org/10.22502/jlmc.v4i2.99
Dagnew AB, Tewabe T, Miskir Y, Eshetu T, Kefelegn W, Zerihun K, Urgessa M, Teka T. Prevalence of Diarrhea and Associated Factors Among Under-Five Children in Bahir Dar City, Northwest Ethiopia, 2016: A Cross-Sectional Study. BMC Infect Dis [Internet]. 2019;19:1–7. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-019-4030-3
Imdad A, Yakoob MY, Sudfeld C, Haider BA, Black RE, Bhutta ZA. Impact of Vitamin A Supplementation on Infant and Childhood Mortality. BMC Public Health [Internet]. 2011;11(Suppl. 3):1–15. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-11-S3-S20
Pinzón-Rondón íM, Zárate-Ardila C, Hoyos-Martínez A, Ruiz-Sternberg íM, Vélez-Van-Meerbeke A. Country Characteristics and Acute Diarrhea in Children from Developing Nations: A Multilevel Study. BMC Public Health [Internet]. 2015;15(1):1–11. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-2120-8
Santika NKA, Efendi F, Rachmawati PD, Has EMM, Kusnanto K, Astutik E. Determinants of Diarrhea Among Children Under Two Years Old in Indonesia. Child Youth Serv Rev [Internet]. 2020;111:1–5. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.104838
Azupogo F, Abdul-Rahaman F, Gyanteh B, Atosona A. Hygiene and Sanitation Practices and the Risk of Morbidity among Children 6–23 Months of Age in Kumbungu District, Ghana. Adv Public Heal [Internet]. 2019;2019:1–12. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/4313759
Mya KS, Kyaw AT, Tun T. Feeding Practices and Nutritional Status of Children Age 6-23 Months in Myanmar: A Secondary Analysis of the 2015-16 Demographic and Health Survey. PLoS One [Internet]. 2019;14(1):1–13. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0209044
Ridwan M. Prakiraan Musim Kemarau 2017 di Indonesia [Internet]. BMKG. 2017. Available from: https://www.bmkg.go.id/iklim/prakiraan-musim.bmkg?p=prakiraan-musim-kemarau-2017-di-indonesia&tag=prakiraan-musim&lang=ID
Malik I, Anjayati S, Musdhalifa P, Binti D, Tosepu R. Impact of Weather and Climate on Diarrhea Incidence: A Review. IOP Conf Ser Earth Environ Sci [Internet]. 2021;755(1):1–6. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/755/1/012088
Sukardi S, Yusran S, Tina L. Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Diare pada Balita Umur 6-59 Bulan di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Poasia Tahun 2016. J Ilm Mhs Kesehat Masy [Internet]. 2016;1(3):1–12. Available from: http://ojs.uho.ac.id/index.php/JIMKESMAS/article/view/1361
Pahmi L, Endah WC. HOUSEHOLD Risk Factors on the Event of Diarrhea Disease: In Children Under Five Years Old in Indonesia (Secondary Data Analysis 2017 IDHS). J Ilmu Kesehat Masy [Internet]. 2019;10(1):50–58. Available from: https://doi.org/10.26553/jikm.2019.10.1.50-58
Moon J, Choi JW, Oh J, Kim K. Risk Factors of Diarrhea of Children Under Five in Malawi: Based on Malawi Demographic and Health Survey 2015–2016. J Glob Heal Sci [Internet]. 2019;1(2):1–13. Available from: https://doi.org/10.35500/jghs.2019.1.e45
Pisey V, Banchonhattakit P, Laohasiriwong W. The Association of Socio-Demographic and Environmental Factors on Childhood Diarrhea in Cambodia. F1000Research [Internet]. 2021;9:1–17. Available from: https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.23246.3
Semba RD, Kraemer K, Sun K, De Pee S, Akhter N, Moench-Pfanner R, Hyun Rah J, Campbell AA, Badham J, Bloem
MW. Relationship of the Presence of a Household Improved Latrine with Diarrhea and Under-Five Child Mortality in Indonesia. Am J Trop Med Hyg [Internet]. 2011;84(3):443–450. Available from: https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.2011.10-0244
Rajgire AV. Open Defecation: A Prominent Source of Pollution in Drinking Water in Villages. Int J Life Sci Biotechnol Pharma Res [Internet]. 2013;2(1):238–246. Available from: http://www.ijlbpr.com/index.php?m=content&c=index&a=show&catid=118&id=206
Workie GY, Akalu TY, Baraki AG. Environmental Factors Affecting Childhood Diarrheal Disease Among Under-Five Children in Jamma District, South Wello Zone, Northeast Ethiopia. BMC Infect Dis [Internet]. 2019;19:1–7. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-019-4445-x
Fuller JA, Clasen T, Heijnen M, Eisenberg JNS. Shared Sanitation and the Prevalence of Diarrhea in Young Children: Evidence from 51 Countries, 2001–2011. Am J Trop Med Hyg [Internet]. 2014;91(1):173–180. Available from: https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.13-0503
Susanti WE, Novrikasari N, Sunarsih E. Determinan Kejadian Diare pada Anak Balita di Indonesia (Analisis Lanjut Data SDKI 2012). J Ilmu Kesehat Masy [Internet]. 2016;7(1):64–72. Available from: https://ejournal.fkm.unsri.ac.id/index.php/jikm/article/view/174
Mbugua S, Musikoyo E, Ndungi F, Sang R, Kamau-Mbuthia E, Ngotho D. Determinants of Diarrhea Among Young Children Under the Age of Five in Kenya, Evidence from KDHS 2008-09. African Popul Stud [Internet]. 2014;28(2):1046–1056. Available from: https://doi.org/10.11564/28-0-556
Paul P. Socio-Demographic and Environmental Factors Associated with Diarrhoeal Disease Among Children Under Five in India. BMC Public Health [Internet]. 2020;20:1–11. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-09981-y
Keusch GT, Walker CF, Das JK, Horton S, Habte D. Diarrheal Diseases. In: Black R, Laxminarayan R, Temmerman M, editors. Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 2): Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health [Internet]. Third edn. Washington (DC): The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank; 2016. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1596/978-1-4648-0348-2_ch9
Copyright (c) 2023 Jurnal Biometrika dan Kependudukan
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Copyright ©2022 Jurnal Biometrika dan Kependudukan (Journal of Biometrics and Population)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
1. Copyright of all journal manuscripts is held by the Jurnal Biometrika dan Kependudukan.
2. Formal legal provisions to access digital articles of the electronic journals are subject to the provision of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license (CC BY-NC-SA), which means that Jurnal Kesehatan Biometrika dan Kependudukan to keep, transfer media/format, manage in the form of databases, maintain, and publish articles.
3. Published manuscripts both printed and electronic are open access for educational, research, and library purposes. Additionally, the editorial board is not responsible for any violations of copyright law.
