Correlation of Morbidity with Smoking Status and Posbindu PTM to Prepare Aging Society Health Manifestation in Indonesia
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Background: Aging increases vulnerability to diseases. Comprehensive strategies promoting healthy lifestyles are vital. Posbindu PTM (Integrated Guidance Post for NCD) is a community-based program, representing Indonesia's proactive approach to mitigating the impact of NCDs through monitoring the risk factors of NCDs. Posbindu PTM aims to empower individuals to do early intervention and lifestyle changes, including smoking prevention. Objectives: To investigate the correlations between morbidity rates with smoking status, and the conduct of Posbindu PTM among Indonesia's elderly population. Methods: A total of 34 provinces in Indonesia were included in the analysis. The dependent variable is morbidity rates, the independent variables are the percentage of smoking status (active smokers, ex-smokers and non-smokers), and the percentage of villages implementing Posbindu PTM. The data were analyzed using the Spearman correlation test to ascertain the presence of correlations among variables. Results: Active smoker (p=0.007; r=0.455; direction=positive), ex-smoker (p=0.003; r=0.497; direction=positive), and non-smoker (p=0.002; r=-0.506; direction=negative) had a significant relationship with morbidity in Indonesia's elderly. Posbindu PTM existence did not show significant relationship with morbidity (p=0.367). The average percentage of Posbindu PTM implementations in Indonesia is still 65% by 2021, means not all regions providing the program. Conclusion: High smoking status among elderly in Indonesia affects the level of morbidity. Posbindu PTM as the early detection and health promotion post hasn't been implemented well in Indonesia. More efforts and government commitment need to be optimized to prioritize health promotion and prevention from the lowest level, in order to achieve a prosperous and effective aging society.
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