In Vitro Evaluation of Antidiabetic and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Five Selected Syzygium Leaves Ethanolic Extract as Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors and Anti-denaturation of Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA)
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Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) has become the main health problem in the world with a continuous increase in mortality due to complications caused by hyperglycemia. The chronic hyperglychemia is often associated with inflammation due to increase production of free radicals. Objective: This study’s main objective is to assess antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory properties in vitro of five particular Syzygium leaves extract (S. cumini, S.aqueum, S. malaccense, S. polyanthum, and S. aromaticum) using alpha-glucosidaseand Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA). Methods:The five of selected Szygium leaves were macerated by using ethanol 96%, each extract was assessed in vitro for antidiabetic activity by analyzing the inhibitory of alpha-glucosidase using acarbose as strandard, and anti-inflammatory activity by analyzing the inhibitory denaturation of BSA Heat-induced and BSA induced by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazine (DPPH) with Sodium diclofenac as standard.Result: The result of the greater IC50 of α-glucosidase inhibition was S. malaccense 76.235 µg/mL (strong) and acarbose standard was 0.241 µg/mL (very strong). The greater IC50 of antidenaturation of BSA with heat-induced was S. polyanthum (95.7 µg/mL) and sodium diclofenac standard (59.25 µg/mL) both were strong inhibitor. Along with greater antidenaturation of BSA DPPH-induced was S. malaccense (90.320 µg/mL) and sodium diclofenac standard (43.301 µg/mL) both were strong inhibitor. Conclusion: Ethanol extraxt of Syzygium leaves were potential to be developed as an antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory herbal medicine, particularly S. malaccense and S. polyanthum leaves extract which provide greater activity on this study.
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