Design and Optimization of Nanostructured Lipid Carriers for Quercetin in Skin Lightening Applications
Background: Quercetin, a potential skin-lightening agent, reduces intracellular and fungal tyrosinase activity. However, its poor water solubility and limited skin permeability hinder its application. Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs), composed of biocompatible and biodegradable lipids, enhance drug stability and skin penetration. Lipid type, surfactant concentration, and formulation parameters influence NLC stability. Objective: This study aimed to optimize NLC formulations for quercetin delivery by evaluating organoleptic properties, particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), and pH. Method: NLCs was prepared using 10% total lipids (4% solid and 6% liquid lipids) and surfactant mixtures at varying concentrations via High Shear Homogenization. Initial formulations using myristic acid and castor oil were unstable, undergoing phase separation within five days. Results: Substituting the solid lipid with a 1:3 combination of beeswax and cocoa butter produced a stable formulation during storage. The lipid and surfactant composition significantly influenced particle size and PDI. While pH remained stable, statistical analysis revealed significant changes in particle size and PDI across formulations. Conclusion: Optimized NLC formulations for quercetin delivery demonstrated improved stability and potential for effective skin-lightening applications. Further research is warranted to evaluate in vivo efficacy and scalability.
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