Investment Returns Analysis of Education in East Java
Downloads
Education is one of the tools in human capital investment because it is considered important in producing an adequate return to schooling. At the East Java Province in 2015 and 2018 the highest education was marked by a difference in the number of each level of education, especially at the tertiary level, which was still relatively low. So, that will be affect return to schooling received by the workforce. This research uses cross section data sourced from SAKERNAS data in 2015 and 2018, with Ordinary Least Square (OLS). The results of OLS in 2015 and 2018 shown if the level of education, age, worked training, worked experience, sex, and location have a significant effect on income. The results of the OLS regression are then used to calculated return to education based on education level, sex, and location. The results shown if the education achieved produce a rate of return that is always increasing at every level of education while return to schooling based on gender is a difference in junior and university education, in rural areas return to schooling at the primary school is higher than in the urban area.
Keywords: Gender, Education, Return To Education, Location
JEL: J24, I21
Acemoglu, D. (1998). Why do new technologies complement skills? Directed technical change and wage inequality. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 113(4), 1055–1089. https://doi.org/10.1162/003355398555838
Arabsheibani, G. R., & Mussurov, A. (2007). Returns to schooling in Kazakhstan: OLS and instrumental variables approach. Economics of Transition, 15(2), 341–364. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0351.2007.00284.x
Badan Pusat Statistik. (2017). Potret Pendidikan Indonesia Statistik Pendidikan 2017. Jakarta: Badan Pusat Statistik Indonesia.
Badan Pusat Statistik. (2018a). Jumlah Penduduk di Provinsi Jawa Timur Tahun 2015 dan 2018. Surabaya : Badan Pusat Statistika.
Badan Pusat Statistik. (2018b). Presentase Penduduk Berumur 15 Tahun ke Atas Bekerja Menurut Pendidikan Tertinggi yang Ditamatkan Tahun 2018 di Provinsi Jawa Timur. Surabaya : Badan Pusat Statistika.
Balestra, S., & Backes-Gellner, U. (2017). Heterogeneous returns to education over the wage distribution: Who profits the most? Labour Economics, 44(April 2015), 89–105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.labeco.2017.01.001
Barro, R. J. (2001). Human Capital and Growth. American Economic Review, VIII(91(2)), 12–17. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1887.02391320006001a
Becker, G. S. (1993). Human capital. A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis with Special Reference.
Borjas, G. J. (2013). Labor Economics (6th, Ed ed.). New York: Mc Graw Hill Companies, Inc.
Brue, S. L., McConnell, C. R., & Macpherson, D. A. (2016). Contemporary labor economics. McGraw-Hill Education.
Burgess, S. (2016). Human Capital and Education: The State of the Art in the Economics of Education. IZA Discussion Paper, 9885.
Harun, U. R., & Canon, S. (2006). Analisis LQshift LQshare Untuk Mengukur Dampak Perluasan Kota Terhadap Kinerja Ekonomi Regional (Studi Kasus: Perluasan Kota Manado Terhadap Perekonomian Wilayah Sulawesi Utara). Journal of Regional and City Planning, 17(2), 21–40.
Henderson, D. J., Polachek, S. W., & Wang, L. (2011). Heterogeneity in schooling rates of return. Economics of Education Review, 30(6), 1202–1214. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econedurev.2011.05.002
Kim, S., & Mohtadi, H. (1992). Labor Specialization and Endogenous Growth. The American Economic Review, 82(2), 404–408. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2117435%0Ahttp://www.jstor.org/stable/2117435%0Ahttp://www.jstor.org/stable/2117435
Kimenyi, M. S. (2004). Human Capital Externalities and Private Returns to Education in Kenya. Human Capital Externalities and Private Returns to Education in Kenya, 32(3), 493–513.
Kyui, N. (2016). Expansion of higher education, employment and wages: Evidence from the Russian Transition. Labour Economics, 39, 68–87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.labeco.2016.01.001
Mankiw, N. G. (2000). Teori Ekonomi Makro. Penerbit Erlangga, Jakarta.
Mantra, I. B. (2003). Demografi Umum Edisi ke 2. Pustaka Belajar, Yogyakarta.
Mincer, J. (1974). Schooling, Experience, and Earnings. Human Behavior & Social Institutions No. 2.
Peet, E. D., Fink, G., & Fawzi, W. (2015). Returns to education in developing countries: Evidence from the living standards and measurement study surveys. Economics of Education Review, 49, 69–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econedurev.2015.08.002
Psacharopoulos, G. (1994). Returns to investment in education: A global update. World Development, 22(9), 1325–1343. https://doi.org/10.1016/0305-750X(94)90007-8
Purnastuti, L., Miller, P. W., & Salim, R. (2013). Declining rates of return to education: Evidence for Indonesia. Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies, 49(2), 213–236. https://doi.org/10.1080/00074918.2013.809842
Simanjuntak, P. J. (1985). Pengantar ekonomi sumber daya manusia. Lembaga Penerbit Fakultas Ekonomi UI.
Sukirno, S. (2010). Pengantar Ekonomi Makro (ketiga). Jakarta : PT. Raja grafindo Persada.
Todaro P Michael. (2000). Economic Development (7th ed.). New York : Person Education Limeted.
Zhang, J., Zhao, Y., Park, A., & Song, X. (2005). Economic returns to schooling in urban China, 1988 to 2001. Journal of Comparative Economics, 33(4), 730–752. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jce.2005.05.008
Copyright (c) 2021 Dwi Novi Indayanti, Lilik Sugiharti
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
JIET (Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi Terapan) (p-ISSN: 2541-1470; e-ISSN: 2528-1879) is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License
Authors who publish with JIET (Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi Terapan) agree to the following terms:
- The journal allows the author to hold the copyright of the article without restrictions.
- The journal allows the author(s) to retain publishing rights without restrictions
- The legal formal aspect of journal publication accessibility refers to Creative Commons Attribution ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC BY-SA).