Correlation Between Climate Indicators and COVID-19 Pandemic in Nigeria, Ghana, and South Africa
Downloads
This study examines the relationship between climatic indicators (maximum temperature, minimum temperature, precipitation, and relative humidity) and the spread of COVID-19 using weekly data of confirmed cases and death rates from 3/25/2020 to 12/30/2020 for Nigeria, South Africa, and Ghana. Using an ex-post research design and descriptive method of analysis, the results of the study confirm evidence of correlation between climatic variables and the spread of the COVID-19 virus among the three selected countries. However, the policy recommendation that emanates from this study is that climate mitigation policies can be promoted as pandemic prevention policies, thus making a stronger case for their implementation to forestall future reoccurrence.
Bashir, M. F., Ma, B. J., Bilal, Komal, B., Bashir, M. A., Farooq, T. H., Iqbal, N., & Bashir, M. (2020). Correlation between environmental pollution indicators and COVID-19 pandemic: A brief study in Californian context. Environmental Research, 187, 109652. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2020.109652
Bedford, T., Riley, S., Barr, I. G., Broor, S., Chadha, M., Cox, N. J., Daniels, R. S., Gunasekaran, C. P., Hurt, A. C., Kelso, A., Klimov, A., Lewis, N. S., Li, X., McCauley, J. W., Odagiri, T., Potdar, V., Rambaut, A., Shu, Y., Skepner, E., ... Russell, C. A. (2015). Global circulation patterns of seasonal influenza viruses vary with antigenic drift. Nature, 523(7559), Article 217-220. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature14460
Briz-Redón, í., & Serrano-Aroca, í. (2020). A spatio-temporal analysis for exploring the effect of temperature on COVID-19 early evolution in Spain. Science of The Total Environment, 728, 138811. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138811
Bull, G. M. (1980). The Weather And Deaths from Pneumonia. The Lancet, 315(8183), 1405–1408. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(80)92666-5
Chen, B., Liang, H., Yuan, X., Hu, Y., Xu, M., Zhao, Y., Zhang, B., Tian, F., & Zhu, X. (2020). Roles of meteorological conditions in COVID-19 transmission on a worldwide scale. medRxiv, 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.16.20037168
Chow, G. C., & Lin, A. (1971). Best Linear Unbiased Interpolation, Distribution, and Extrapolation of Time Series by Related Series. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 53(4), 372–375. https://doi.org/10.2307/1928739
Dalziel, B. D., Kissler, S., Gog, J. R., Viboud, C., Bjí¸rnstad, O. N., Metcalf, C. J. E., & Grenfell, B. T. (2018). Urbanization and humidity shape the intensity of influenza epidemics in US cities. Science, 362(6410), 75–79. https://www.science.org/doi/full/10.1126/science.aat6030
Eslami, H., & Jalili, M. (2020). The role of environmental factors to transmission of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19). Amb Express, 10(1), 92. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13568-020-01028-0
Fagbo, S. F., Garbati, M. A., Hasan, R., AlShahrani, D., Al-Shehri, M., AlFawaz, T., Hakawi, A., Wani, T. A., & Skakni, L. (2017). Acute viral respiratory infections among children in MERS-endemic Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, 2012–2013. Journal of Medical Virology, 89(2), 195–201. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.24632
Fattorini, D., & Regoli, F. (2020). Role of the chronic air pollution levels in the Covid-19 outbreak risk in Italy. Environmental Pollution, 264, 114732. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114732
Holshue, M. L., DeBolt, C., Lindquist, S., Lofy, K. H., Wiesman, J., Bruce, H., Spitters, C., Ericson, K., Wilkerson, S., & Tural, A. (2020). First case of 2019 novel coronavirus in the United States. New England Journal of Medicine, 929–936. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2001191
Huang, C., Wang, Y., Li, X., Ren, L., Zhao, J., Hu, Y., Zhang, L., Fan, G., Xu, J., Gu, X., Cheng, Z., Yu, T., Xia, J., Wei, Y., Wu, W., Xie, X., Yin, W., Li, H., Liu, M., ... Cao, B. (2020). Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. The Lancet, 395(10223), 497–506. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5
Iqbal, N., Fareed, Z., Shahzad, F., He, X., Shahzad, U., & Lina, M. (2020). The nexus between COVID-19, temperature and exchange rate in Wuhan city: New findings from partial and multiple wavelet coherence. Science of The Total Environment, 729, 138916. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138916
Jüni, P., Rothenbühler, M., Bobos, P., Thorpe, K. E., Da Costa, B. R., Fisman, D. N., Slutsky, A. S., & Gesink, D. (2020). Impact of climate and public health interventions on the COVID-19 pandemic: A prospective cohort study. Cmaj, 192(21), E566–E573. https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.200920
Lemaitre, J., Pasetto, D., Perez-Saez, J., Sciarra, C., Wamala, J. F., & Rinaldo, A. (2019). Rainfall as a driver of epidemic cholera: Comparative model assessments of the effect of intra-seasonal precipitation events. Acta Tropica, 190, 235–243. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2018.11.013
Lowen, A. C., Mubareka, S., Steel, J., & Palese, P. (2007). Influenza virus transmission is dependent on relative humidity and temperature. PLoS Pathogens, 3(10), e151. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.0030151
Ma, Y., Zhao, Y., Liu, J., He, X., Wang, B., Fu, S., Yan, J., Niu, J., Zhou, J., & Luo, B. (2020). Effects of temperature variation and humidity on the death of COVID-19 in Wuhan, China. Science of The Total Environment, 724, 138226. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138226
Poole, L. (2020). Seasonal Influences On The Spread Of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID19), Causality, and Forecastabililty (3-15-2020). SSRN Scholarly Paper No. 3554746. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3554746
Prata, D. N., Rodrigues, W., & Bermejo, P. H. (2020). Temperature significantly changes COVID-19 transmission in (sub)tropical cities of Brazil. Science of The Total Environment, 729, 138862. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138862
Shi, P., Dong, Y., Yan, H., Zhao, C., Li, X., Liu, W., He, M., Tang, S., & Xi, S. (2020). Impact of temperature on the dynamics of the COVID-19 outbreak in China. Science of The Total Environment, 728, 138890. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138890
Sooryanarain, H., & Elankumaran, S. (2015). Environmental role in influenza virus outbreaks. Annu. Rev. Anim. Biosci., 3(1), 347–373. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-animal-022114-111017
Tamerius, J. D., Shaman, J., Alonso, W. J., Bloom-Feshbach, K., Uejio, C. K., Comrie, A., & Viboud, C. (2013). Environmental predictors of seasonal influenza epidemics across temperate and tropical climates. PLoS Pathogens, 9(3), e1003194. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1003194
To, T., Zhang, K., Maguire, B., Terebessy, E., Fong, I., Parikh, S., & Zhu, J. (2021). Correlation of ambient temperature and COVID-19 incidence in Canada. Science of The Total Environment, 750, 141484. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141484
Wang, Y., Wang, Y., Chen, Y., & Qin, Q. (2020). Unique epidemiological and clinical features of the emerging 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID"19) implicate special control measures. Journal of Medical Virology, 92(6), 568–576. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25748
Xie, J., & Zhu, Y. (2020). Association between ambient temperature and COVID-19 infection in 122 cities from China. Science of The Total Environment, 724, 138201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138201
Yuan, J., Yun, H., Lan, W., Wang, W., Sullivan, S. G., Jia, S., & Bittles, A. H. (2006). A climatologic investigation of the SARS-CoV outbreak in Beijing, China. American Journal of Infection Control, 34(4), 234–236. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2005.12.006
Copyright (c) 2023 Tunde Abubakar Bakare-Aremu, Kekere Sule Ibrahim, Saadatu Baba-Umar, Rakiya Mamman
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
JIET (Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi Terapan) (p-ISSN: 2541-1470; e-ISSN: 2528-1879) is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License
Authors who publish with JIET (Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi Terapan) agree to the following terms:
- The journal allows the author to hold the copyright of the article without restrictions.
- The journal allows the author(s) to retain publishing rights without restrictions
- The legal formal aspect of journal publication accessibility refers to Creative Commons Attribution ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC BY-SA).
