Comparative Analysis of Wilson, Ellis, and Kuhlthau's Information Search Models in The Digital Age
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Background of the study: Understanding information-seeking behavior has become increasingly essential n the digital age, characterized by cognitive information overload.
Purpose: This study aims to describe and analyze information-seeking models developed by T.D. Wilson, David Ellis, and Carol Kuhlthau, and to evaluate their relevance in addressing current information needs.
Method: A qualitative descriptive approach was used through a narrative literature review of eleven scholarly articles discussing the three models.
Findings: The findings reveal that Kuhlthau’s model is predominantly applied in educational contexts, as it accommodates users' affective and cognitive experiences. Ellis’s model is commonly used in academic and professional settings to capture technical strategies in information seeking, while Wilson’s model is relevant for understanding the influence of social, psychological, and environmental factors in everyday information behavior. Although the models are complementary, none of the reviewed studies has explicitly integrated all three into a unified conceptual framework.
Conclusion: Thus, this study recommends the development of an integrative model to provide a more comprehensive and contextual understanding of information-seeking behavior in the digital era.
Keywords: Information-seeking models, Information behavior, Wilson, Ellis, Kuhlthau, Narrative literature review
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Analisis Komparatif Model Pencarian Informasi Wilson, Ellis, Dan Kuhlthau Dalam Era Digital
Latar belakang: Pemahaman terhadap perilaku pencarian informasi menjadi semakin penting di era digital yang ditandai oleh banjir informasi.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis model-model pencarian informasi yang dikembangkan oleh T.D. Wilson, David Ellis, dan Carol Kuhlthau, serta mengevaluasi relevansinya dalam menjelaskan kebutuhan informasi pengguna saat ini.
Metode: Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif melalui metode narrative literature review terhadap sebelas artikel ilmiah yang membahas penerapan ketiga model tersebut.
Temuan: Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa model Kuhlthau paling banyak digunakan dalam konteks pendidikan karena mengakomodasi aspek afektif dan kognitif pengguna. Model Ellis banyak diterapkan dalam lingkungan akademik dan profesional untuk menggambarkan strategi teknis pencarian informasi, sementara model Wilson relevan untuk menjelaskan pengaruh faktor sosial, psikologis, dan lingkungan dalam perilaku pencarian informasi sehari-hari. Temuan juga menunjukkan bahwa meskipun ketiga model saling melengkapi, belum ada pendekatan yang secara eksplisit mengintegrasikan ketiganya dalam satu kerangka konseptual terpadu.
Kesimpulan: Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini merekomendasikan perlunya pengembangan model integratif untuk memahami perilaku pencarian informasi secara lebih komprehensif dan kontekstual di era digital.
Kata Kunci: Model pencarian informasi, Perilaku informasi, Wilson, Ellis, Kuhlthau, Narrative literature review
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