Perubahan Tata Ruang Kota Surabaya dan Akhir dari Benteng Prins Hendrik 1830an-1930an

This study examines the urban transformation of Surabaya through the case of Fort Prins Hendrik, a colonial fortress once located in the northern part of the city near the Tanjung Perak Port. The local toponym “benteng” (fort) preserves the historical memory of this defensive structure. The research aims to reconstruct the history of Fort Prins Hendrik and analyze how colonial spatial policies, and urban development shaped its existence. Using a historical method, combining archival research, official publications, and previous studies. This paper reveals that the fort was initially built as part of the colonial defense strategy to secure Surabaya from potential threats. Over time, however, the colonial government shifted its priorities toward economic expansion and port development. The construction of Tanjung Perak Port radically transformed the area and led to the demolition of Fort Prins Hendrik in the early twentieth century. These findings highlight the shift in Surabaya’s spatial character from a defensive stronghold to an economic hub of the colonial network