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The effect of adding ZrO2 nanoparticles on transverse strength and hardness of microwave acrylic and hot cure acrylic denture base materials

PMMA zirconium oxide nanoparticle denture base transverse strength hardness

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Background: One drawback for acrylic denture base materials is the liability to fracture, requiring methods to increase fracture resistance, adding nanoparticles (NPs) represented one of these. Purpose: The objectives of this study are to evaluate and compare transverse strength and hardness when adding zirconium oxide nanoparticles (ZrO2 NPs) (0% ,3%, 5%) to hot acrylic denture base materials (Ivoclare, Major) and to Microwave cured acrylic (Acron MC). Methods: Transverse strength was tested by Universal Testing Machine (GESTER, Fujian.China), while Hardness test was conducted by using Shore-D hardness durometer (Show, China). The 90 samples were prepared then divided into three groups for each material. The Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) analyzing the microstructure. The samples prepared following the manufacturer's instructions for each material. Results: The results revealed that the addition of ZrO2 NPs (3%, 5%) improves transverse strength and hardness of polymethylmethacrylate acrylic resin for both types (Microwave and hot cured acrylic resin). The addition of ZrO2 NPs at 3% shows highest values for both transverse strength and hardness. The ATR-FTIR confirms no structural chemical changes with the addition of ZrO2 NPs. Conclusion: The study concludes that the incorporation of ZrO2 NPs (3%, 5%) in Microwave and hot cured acrylic resin improves transverse strength and hardness.