Nitric oxide (NO) level of the follicular fluid in endometriosis patients
Downloads
Objectives: To ascertain the nitric oxide (NO) level of the follicular fluid of endometriosis sufferers compared with that of the non-endometriosis patients.
Materials and Methods: Follicular fluid was taken from 64 women, but only 54 continued with further laboratory test. Women with endometriosis had their follicular fluid taken during laparoscopy, while the follicular fluid from non-endometriosis women was taken during tubectomy. Nitric Oxide level was analyzed using the PCR-RFLP method. Data were analyzed using software STATA Intercooled Version 11.
Results: NO level in endometriosis is higher than that in non-endometriosis and has a significant relationship with all the variables (age, parity, dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, types of endometriosis, and grade of endometriosis).
Conclusion: The NO level in endometriosis is higher than that in non-endometriosis. The distribution of the polymorphism of allele GG is greater than that in non-endometriosis. The existence of polymorphism GG caused a higher eNOS, increasing NO level, causing a decrease in fertility which derived from the degenera-tive oocyte.
Alpay Z, Saed GM, D. M. (2006) "Female infertility and free radicals: potential role in adhesions and endometriosis.,” Journal of the Society for Gynecologic Investigation, 13(6), pp. 390–398.
Anteby EY, Hurwitz A, Korach O, Revel A, Simon A, Finci-Yeheskel Z, et al. (1996). "Ovary and Ovulation: Human follicular nitric oxide pathway: relationship to follicular size, oestradiol concentrations and ovarian blood flow.," Human Reproduction, 11(9), pp. 1947–1951.
Chun SY, Eisenhauer KM, Kubo M, H. A. (1995) "Interleukin-1 beta suppresses apoptosis in rat ovarian follicles by increasing nitric oxide production.,” Endocrinology, 136(7), pp. 1320–1327.
Chung HT, Pae HO, Choi BM, Billiar TR, K. Y. (2001) "Nitric oxide as a bioregulator of apoptosis,” Biochemical and biophysical research communications., 282(5), pp. 1075–1079.
Costa M, Brookes SJ, H. G. (2000) "Anatomy and physiology of the enteric nervous system,” Gut, 47, p. iv15-iv9.
Ekerhovd E, Brannstrom M, Alexandersson M, N. A. (1997) "Evidence for nitric oxide mediation of contractile activity in isolated strips of the human Fallopian tube,” Human Reproduction, 12(2), pp. 301–305.
Espey LL. (1980) "Ovulation as an inflammatory reaction--a hypothesis,” Biol Reprod, 22(1), pp. 73–106.
González-Burgos G, Barrionuevo G, L. D. (2000) "Horizontal synaptic connections in monkey prefrontal cortex: an in vitro electrophysiological study.,” Cerebral Cortex., 10(1), pp. 82–92.
Gupta S, Agarwal A, Krajcir N, A. J. (2006) "Role of oxidative stress in endometriosis,” Reprod Biomed Online, 13(1), pp. 126–134.
Harada T, Iwabe T, T. N. (2001) "Role of cytokines in endometriosis,” Fertility and Sterility, 76(1), pp. 1–10.
Osborn BH, Haney A, Misukonis MA, W. J. (2002) "Inducible nitric oxide synthase expression by peritoneal macrophages in endometriosis-associated infertility,” Fertility and Sterility, 77(1), pp. 46–51.
Seino T, Saito H, Kaneko T, Takahashi T, Kawachiya S, K. H. (2002). "Eight-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine in granulosa cells is correlated with the quality of oocytes and embryos in an in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer program.," Fertility and Sterility., 77(6), pp. 1184–1190.
Tao M, Kodama H, Kagabu S, Fukuda J, Murata M, Shimizu Y, et al. (1997) "Possible contribution of follicular interleukin-1beta to nitric oxide generation in human preovulatory follicles.," Human Reproduction, 12(10), pp. 2220–2225.
Van Voorhis BJ, Dunn MS, Snyder GD, W. C. (1994) "Nitric oxide: an autocrine regulator of human granulosa-luteal cell steroidogenesis.,” Endocrinology, 135(5), pp. 1799–1806.
1. Copyright of the article is transferred to the journal, by the knowledge of the author, whilst the moral right of the publication belongs to the author.
2. The legal formal aspect of journal publication accessibility refers to Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-Share alike (CC BY-NC-SA), (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/)
3. The articles published in the journal are open access and can be used for non-commercial purposes. Other than the aims mentioned above, the editorial board is not responsible for copyright violation
The manuscript authentic and copyright statement submission can be downloaded ON THIS FORM.