Benefit of Knowledge Sharing in Virtual Community of Practice (VCoP): A Systematic Literature Review
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Latar belakang: Knowledge sharing (KS) di Virtual Communities of Practice (VCoP) telah menjadi elemen kunci dalam menciptakan keunggulan kompetitif organisasi, terutama di era digital. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi manfaat KS dalam VCoP melalui metode systematic literature review. Metode: Penelitian dilakukan dengan menganalisis 11 artikel primer yang dipilih menggunakan pendekatan PRISMA, mencakup publikasi dari 2019 hingga 2024, yang berfokus pada bagaimana KS meningkatkan pembelajaran individu, menciptakan pengetahuan baru, dan mendukung inovasi organisasi. Hasil: Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa KS dalam VCoP mendukung kolaborasi yang efektif di antara anggota, memungkinkan mereka untuk berbagi pengalaman, mendiskusikan solusi, dan mengembangkan kebijakan yang lebih relevan. Faktor kunci keberhasilan KS mencakup kepercayaan antar anggota, dukungan teknologi yang memadai, dan peran fasilitator yang kompeten. Kepercayaan menciptakan lingkungan yang aman untuk berbagi pengetahuan tacit maupun eksplisit, sementara teknologi mendukung interaksi lintas geografis. Fasilitator memainkan peran penting dalam memoderasi diskusi, membangun kepercayaan, dan memastikan keterlibatan aktif anggota. Kesimpulan: Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa KS dalam VCoP berkontribusi pada peningkatan pembelajaran individu, pengembangan keterampilan profesional, dan penciptaan pengetahuan baru yang relevan. Dengan menciptakan lingkungan kolaboratif yang terorganisir, VCoP menjadi sarana efektif untuk meningkatkan daya saing dan inovasi organisasi. Oleh karena itu, investasi dalam pengelolaan VCoP dan pelatihan anggota komunitas sangat diperlukan untuk memastikan keberlanjutan dan efektivitas KS. Studi ini memberikan wawasan penting bagi para praktisi dan peneliti dalam mengembangkan strategi manajemen pengetahuan yang holistik.
Background: Knowledge Sharing (KS) in Virtual Communities of Practice (VCoP) has become a key element in creating organizational competitive advantage, especially in the digital era. Purpose: This study aims to explore the benefits of KS in VCoP using the systematic literature review method. Methods:The research was conducted by analyzing 11 primary articles selected through the PRISMA approach, covering publications from 2019 to 2024, focusing on how KS enhances individual learning, facilitates knowledge creation, and supports organizational innovation. Results: The analysis revealed that KS in VCoP fosters effective collaboration among members, enabling them to share experiences, discuss solutions, and develop more relevant policies. Key success factors of KS include trust among members, adequate technological support, and the role of competent facilitators. Trust creates a safe environment for sharing both tacit and explicit knowledge, while technology supports interactions across geographical boundaries. Facilitators play a crucial role in moderating discussions, building trust, and ensuring active member engagement. Conclusion: This study concludes that KS in VCoP contributes to enhancing individual learning, developing professional skills, and creating relevant new knowledge. By creating an organized collaborative environment, VCoP serves as an effective medium to boost organizational competitiveness and innovation. Therefore, investment in managing VCoP and training community members is essential to ensure the sustainability and effectiveness of KS. This study provides valuable insights for practitioners and researchers in developing holistic knowledge management strategies.
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