Threshold value of enamel mineral solubility and dental erosion after consuming acidic soft drinks

Soft drinks threshold value mineral solubility dental erosion Minuman ringan nilai ambang kelarutan mineral erosi gigi

Authors

  • Muhammad Ilyas
    ilyasmils@yahoo.com
    Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Hasanuddin, Indonesia
September 1, 2011

Downloads

Background: Dental erosion is irreversible and can caused by acidic soft drink consumption. Dental erosion prevention had already been done, but it still has not been satisfying since the consumption of acidic soft drink is still high. There is still no explanation about the threshold value of enamel mineral solubility and the occurance of dental erosion after consuming acidic soft drink. Purpose: This research is aimed to find the threshold value of enamel mineral solubility and dental erosion before and after consuming acidic soft drinks. Methods: Subjects of the research are saliva and enamel of 12 rabbits, which have some criteria such as age > 70 days, body weight > 600 grams, and teeth considered to be healthy. The sample devided equally into 4 groups. Each of those marmooths was given a drink as much as 2.5 cc/consumption (there are 1, 2 and 3í— per day) by using syringe without injection needle. Salivary minerals then were examined by using atomic absorption spectrophotometric (ASS), while dental erosion was examined using scanning electron microscop (SEM). The data were analyzed by using Paired t-test. Results: It is known that the threshold value of enamel mineral solubility (K, Na, Fe, Mg, Cl, P, Ca, F, C) has significant difference (p < 0.05) after being exposed to folic acid. Meanwhile, Fe did not have significant difference (p = 0.090) after being exposed to citric acid. Similarly, C did not have significant difference (p = 0.063) after being exposed to bicarbonate acid. Furthermore, it is also known that the threshold time value of dental erosion are on the 105th day for folic acid, on the 111th day for citric acid, and on the 117th day for bicarbonate acid. Conclusion: Threshold value of enamel mineral solubility before and after consuming soft drinks containing acid is different. Based on the threshold value of dental erosion, it is known that folic acid is the most erosive acid.

Latar belakang: Erosi gigi bersifat irreversible disebabkan oleh konsumsi minuman ringan yang mengandung asam. Pencegahan erosi gigi telah dilakukan tetapi hasilnya tidak memuaskan karena masih banyak orang selalu mengkonsumsi minuman ringan yang berasam. Tidak ada satupun yang menjelaskan lebih terperinci tentang perbedaan nilai ambang kelarutan email dan waktu erosi gigi setelah konsumsi minuman ringan yang berasam. Tujuan: Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui perbedaan nilai ambang kelarutan mineral email dan erosi gigi sebelum dan setelah mengkonsumsi minuman ringan yang mengandung asam. Metode: Subjek dari penelitian ini adalah saliva dan enamel dari 12 ekor kelinci dengan criteria usia lebih dari 70 hari, berat lebih dari 600 gram, dan gigi dalam keadaan sehat. Sampel dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok. Masing-masing kelinci diberikan 2,5 ml minuman sekali konsumsi (1, 2, dan 3 kali sehari) menggunakan spite tanpa jarum. Mineral saliva dianalisa menggunakan Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometric (ASS), sedangkan erosi gigi diperiksa dengan menggunakan Scanning Electron Microscop (SEM). Data analisa dengan Paired-t test. Hasil: Semua mineral email (K, Na, Fe, Mg, Cl, P, Ca, F, C) nilai ambang kelarutannya berbeda secara bermakna sebelum dan setelah terpapar oleh asam folat (p < 0,05). Sebelum dan setelah terpapar oleh asam sitrat nilai ambang kelarutan mineral Fe tidak bermakna (p = 0,090), sebelum dan setelah terpapar oleh asam bikarbonat nilai ambang kelarutan mineral C tidak bermakna (p = 0,063). Nilai ambang waktu erosi gigi didapatkan pada hari ke 105 untuk asam folat, hari ke 111 untuk asam sitrat dan hari ke 117 untuk asam bikarbonat. Kesimpulan: Nilai ambang kelarutan mineral email sebelum dan setelah konsumsi minuman ringan mengandung asam berbeda. Berdasarkan nilai ambang erosi gigi, dapat diketahui bahwa asam folat merupakan asam yang paling erosif.