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Abstract
Highlights:
- Eschericia colli was the most contaminant bacteria among food samples from Warmadewa Cafeterias
- Further suggestions to increase the hygiene in food processing must be offered.
Abstract :
Foodborne diseases still remain a problem especially in public areas. This study aimed to identify pathogenic bacteria in foods sold at the cafeterias of Universitas Warmadewa, Denpasar, Indonesia. The presence of pathogenic bacteria in the food samples was identified using the brain heart infusion (BHI) agar for the growth of Escherichia coli and Streptococcus aureus, selenite for Shigella and Salmonella, and alkaline peptone for Vibrio cholerae, then bacterial culture was conducted to identify the species. The results showed that Escherichia coli were found in two food samples, kangkong and jinggo rice, with the colony counts of 50-118. Escherichia coli was the most commonly found contaminant in food samples from the Warmadewa Cafeterias. Further suggestions must be offered to increase hygiene in the food processing by advising the stalls' owners to serve good foods and conducting regular inspections to assess the food quality.
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References
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- Aruna N, Rajan V (2017). Microbial analysis of street foods of different locations at Chennai City, India. Innov Int J Med Pharm Sci 2, 21–23.
- Atun R (2016). Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi personal hygiene penjamah makanan di kantin Universitas Esa Unggul (thesis). Universitas Esa Unggul.
- Dallal MMS, Abdi M, Khalilian M, et al (2020). Isolation, identification, and antibiotic susceptibility testing of Salmonella isolated from foodborne outbreaks. Int J Enteric Pathog 8, 80–3.
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- Ghoneim NH, Abdel-Moein KA-A, Barakat AMAK, et al (2020). Isolation and molecular characterization of Campylobacter jejuni from chicken and human stool samples in Egypt. Food Sci Technol 41, 195–202.
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- Jang H-J, Kim H-J, Park J, et al (2021). Comparative analysis of detection methods for food-borne pathogens in fresh-cut agricultural materials. J Life Sci 31, 10–6.
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- Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia (2011). Regulation number 1096/ MENKES/PER/VI/2011 concerning sanitation and hygiene of catering services.
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- Sofiana E (2012). Hubungan higiene dan sanitasi makanan dengan kontaminasi Escherichia coli pada jajanan di sekolah dasar Kecamatan Tapos Depok tahun 2012 (thesis). Universitas Indonesia.
- Sunarno, Puspandari N, Melatiwati (2010). Survey kontaminasi bakteri patogen pada makanan dan minuman yang dijual di sekitar gedung perkantoran di Jakarta. J Komun Kesehat 1, 2.
- Tabashsum Z, Khalil I, Nazimuddin M, et al (2013). Prevalence of foodborne pathogens and spoilage microorganisms and their drug resistant status in different street foods of Dhaka City. Agric Food Anal Bacteriol 3, 281–92.
- Tarabees R, Elsayed MSA, Shawish R, et al (2017). Isolation and characterization of Salmonella enteritidis and Salmonella typhimurium from chicken meat in Egypt. J Infect Dev Ctries 11, 314–9.
- Valero A, Rodríguez M-Y, Posada-Izquierdo GD, et al (2016). Risk factors influencing microbial contamination in food service centers. In Significance, prevention and control of food related diseases. InTech.
- Yu H, Guo W, Lu X, et al (2021). Reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite based electrochemical biosensors for monitoring foodborne pathogenic bacteria: A review. Food Control 127, 108117.
- Zhao G, Song X, Zhao J, et al (2016). Isolation, identification, and characterization of foodborne pathogens isolated from egg internal contents in China. J Food Prot 79, 2107–12.
References
Abolghait SK, Fathi AG, Youssef FM, et al (2020). Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated from chicken meat and giblets often produces staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) in non-refrigerated raw chicken livers. Int J Food Microbiol 328.
Adesiyun AA, Nkuna C, Mokgoatlheng"Mamogobo M, et al (2020). Food safety risk posed to consumers of table eggs from layer farms in Gauteng Province, South Africa: Prevalence of Salmonella species and Escherichia coli, antimicrobial residues, and antimicrobial resistant bacteria. J Food Saf.
Adimasu A, Mekonnen B, Guadu T, et al (2016). Bacteriological quality assessment of selected street foods and their public health importance in Gondar Town, North West Ethiopia. Glob Vet 17, 255–64.
Ahmed AM, Shimamoto T (2014). Isolation and molecular characterization of Salmonella enterica, Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Shigella spp. from meat and dairy products in Egypt. Int J Food Microbiol 168–169, 57–62.
Akilan A, Revathi K, Sundaravalli K, et al (2020). Isolation and identification of pathogenic bacteria from street foods in Chennai. Ann Rom Soc Cell Biol 24, 609–613.
Aruna N, Rajan V (2017). Microbial analysis of street foods of different locations at Chennai City, India. Innov Int J Med Pharm Sci 2, 21–23.
Atun R (2016). Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi personal hygiene penjamah makanan di kantin Universitas Esa Unggul (thesis). Universitas Esa Unggul.
Dallal MMS, Abdi M, Khalilian M, et al (2020). Isolation, identification, and antibiotic susceptibility testing of Salmonella isolated from foodborne outbreaks. Int J Enteric Pathog 8, 80–3.
El-Sharkawy H, Tahoun A, El-Gohary AE-GA, et al (2017). Epidemiological, molecular characterization and antibiotic resistance of Salmonella enterica serovars isolated from chicken farms in Egypt. Gut Pathog 9, 8.
Ferone M, Gowen A, Fanning S, et al (2020). Microbial detection and identification methods: Bench top assays to omics approaches. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 19, 3106–29.
Ghoneim NH, Abdel-Moein KA-A, Barakat AMAK, et al (2020). Isolation and molecular characterization of Campylobacter jejuni from chicken and human stool samples in Egypt. Food Sci Technol 41, 195–202.
Grace OM-A, Kolawole IA, Cajethan (2020). GC-MS analysis of bioactive compounds and evaluation of antimicrobial activity of the extracts of Daedalea elegans: A Nigerian mushroom. African J Microbiol Res 14, 204–10.
Happy A, Alam M, Mahmud S, et al (2018). Isolation, identification and characterization of Gram negative bacteria from popular street food (chotpoti) at Savar Area, Dhaka, Bangladesh. OALib 05, 1–11.
Hussein MA, Eldaly EA, Seadawy HG, et al (2018). Virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes of escherichia coli in ready to eat sandwiches in Sharkia Governorate. Slov Vet Res 55, 383–92.
Jang H-J, Kim H-J, Park J, et al (2021). Comparative analysis of detection methods for food-borne pathogens in fresh-cut agricultural materials. J Life Sci 31, 10–6.
Li Y, Yang X, Zhang H, et al (2020). Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella in the commercial eggs in China. Int J Food Microbiol 325, 108623.
Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia (2011). Regulation number 1096/ MENKES/PER/VI/2011 concerning sanitation and hygiene of catering services.
Omara ST, Zawrah MF, Samy AA (2017). Minimum bactericidal concentration of chemically synthesized silver nanoparticles against pathogenic Salmonella and Shigella strains isolated from layer poultry farms. J Appl Pharm Sci 7, 214–21.
Pei J, Jin W, Abd El-Aty AM, et al (2020). Isolation, purification, and structural identification of a new bacteriocin made by Lactobacillus plantarum found in conventional kombucha. Food Control 110, 106923.
Sari N, Marsaulina I, Chahaya I (2013). Higiene sanitasi pengelolaan makanan dan perilaku penjamah makanan di kantin sekolah menengah atas (SMA) negeri dan swasta di Kecamatan Rantau Utara Kabupaten Labuhan Batu Tahun 2012. Lingkung dan Kesehat Kerja.
Sofiana E (2012). Hubungan higiene dan sanitasi makanan dengan kontaminasi Escherichia coli pada jajanan di sekolah dasar Kecamatan Tapos Depok tahun 2012 (thesis). Universitas Indonesia.
Sunarno, Puspandari N, Melatiwati (2010). Survey kontaminasi bakteri patogen pada makanan dan minuman yang dijual di sekitar gedung perkantoran di Jakarta. J Komun Kesehat 1, 2.
Tabashsum Z, Khalil I, Nazimuddin M, et al (2013). Prevalence of foodborne pathogens and spoilage microorganisms and their drug resistant status in different street foods of Dhaka City. Agric Food Anal Bacteriol 3, 281–92.
Tarabees R, Elsayed MSA, Shawish R, et al (2017). Isolation and characterization of Salmonella enteritidis and Salmonella typhimurium from chicken meat in Egypt. J Infect Dev Ctries 11, 314–9.
Valero A, Rodríguez M-Y, Posada-Izquierdo GD, et al (2016). Risk factors influencing microbial contamination in food service centers. In Significance, prevention and control of food related diseases. InTech.
Yu H, Guo W, Lu X, et al (2021). Reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite based electrochemical biosensors for monitoring foodborne pathogenic bacteria: A review. Food Control 127, 108117.
Zhao G, Song X, Zhao J, et al (2016). Isolation, identification, and characterization of foodborne pathogens isolated from egg internal contents in China. J Food Prot 79, 2107–12.