FAKTOR KEJADIAN STUNTING PADA BALITA DI SEBUAH DESA KABUPATEN TASIKMALAYA
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Latar Belakang: Mayoritas kejadian stunting pada balita terjadi pada negara berkembang, salah satunya adalah Indonesia yang mencapai 29,6% pada tahun 2017. Pendidikan orang tua, pendapatan dan jumlah balita dalam keluarga menjadi faktor risiko terjadinya stunting. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari faktor kejadian stunting pada balita di sebuah desa Kabupaten Tasikmalaya. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 120 balita diambil dengan teknik sampling simple random sampling. Variabel independen dalam penelitian ini adalah pendidikan orang tua, jumlah balita, dan pendapatan keluarga. Variabel dependennya adalah stunting. Instrument yang digunakan adalah kuesioner. Untuk mengetahui tingkat signifikasi, data yang terkumpul akan diuji dengan uji statistik spearman rho pada tingkat kemaknaan α=0,05. Hasil: Hasil penelitian diketahui bahwwa 35,8% orang tua responden berpendidikan terakhir SMA, 79,2% keluarga memiliki <2 balita dalam rumah, 84,2% keluarga termasuk pada pendapatan golongan menengah kebawah, dan 30,8% balita mengalami stunting. Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa pendidikan orang tua memiliki p value=0,489 (ayah) dan 0,926 (ibu), jumlah balita (p value= 0,246), dan pendapatan keluarga (p value=0,548). Kesimpulan: Pada penelitian ini, jumlah balita dalam keluarga merupakan faktor kejadian stunting di sebuah desa Kabupaten Tasikmalaya.
Abstract
Background: The majority of stunting occurrences in children occur in developing countries, one of which is Indonesia which reached 29.6% in 2017. Parent education, income amount of children in family are risk factors for stunting. This study aims to study incidence factor of stunting at a village in Jawa Barat. Methods: This study is an observasional analytic research with cross-sectional approach. A total sample is 120 children was taken by simple random sampling technique. The independent variable in this research is parent education, amount of children, and family income, and the dependent variable is stunting. The measuring tool used in this research is the questionnaire. To determine a significant level, the collected data will be tested by spearman rho at significance level α=0,05. Results: The results of the study revealed that 35.8% of the respondents' parents were last high school, 79.2% of the families had <2 toddlers in the home, 84.2% of the families were included in the income of the middle to lower classes, and 30.8% of the children had stunting. The results of bivariate analysis showed that parent education had a p value = 0.489 (father) and 0.926 (mother), the number of children (p value = 0.246), and family income (p value = 0.548). Conclusion: In this study, the number of children in the family was a factor in the incidence of stunting in a Tasikmalaya Districts.
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