Perlindungan Komunitas Lesbian, Gay, Biseksual dan Transgender (LGBT) di Kampus: Hukum HAM dan Kebebasan Akademik
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Abstract
Indonesia is a state of law and a country that upholds human rights. Although in the constitution there are no rules that specifically regulate the LGBT group. This thesis discusses the protection of the LGBT community on campus in terms of the legal system, human rights and the principles of academic freedom and how the state is responsible for fulfilling the rights of citizens, especially for LGBT groups on campus. The type of research used is the type of legal research with a conceptual approach and legislation in the perspective of human rights. This study shows that cases that occur in LGBT groups in Indonesia, especially in the campus environment, still receive less attention from the government. Cases that occur should make learning so that it does not happen again. In comparison to getting justice for LGBT people whose rights have been violated and discriminated against, there are several legal remedies by LGBT groups in the United States and Malaysia.
Keywords: LGBT Groups; LGBT Groups on Campus; Legal Efforts for LGBT Groups.
Abstrak
Indonesia merupakan negara hukum dan negara yang menjunjung tinggi hak asasi manusia. Meskipun dalam konstitusi tidak ada aturan yang secara spesifik mengatur mengenai kelompok LGBT. skripsi ini membahas mengenai perlindungan komunitas LGBT di kampus di tinjau dari sistem hukum, HAM dan prinsip-prinsip kebebasan akademik serta bagaimana tanggungjawab negara dalam hal pemenuhan hak warga negara khususnya bagi kelompok LGBT di kampus. Tipe penelitian yang digunakan adalah tipe penelitian hukum dengan pendekatan konseptual dan dan perundang-undangan dalam sudut pandang hak asasi manusia. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kasus yang terjadi pada kelompok LGBT di Indonesia khususnya dalam lingkungan kampus masih kurang mendapatkan perhatian dari pemerintah. Kasus yang terjadi seharusnya menjadikan pembelajaran agar tidak tejadi lagi. Sebagai perbandingan untuk mendapatkan keadilan bagi kelompok LGBT yang haknya dilanggar dan mendapatkan diskriminasi, terdapat beberapa upaya hukum yang dilakukan kelompok LGBT di Amerika Serikat dan Malaysia.
Kata Kunci: Kelompok LGBT; Kelompok LGBT di Kampus; Upaya Hukum Kelompok LGBT.
Buku
Philipus M Hadjon, Perlindungan Hukum bagi Rakyat di Indonesia (Peradaban 2017).
Herlambang P. Wiratraman, Hak Asasi Manusia: Politik, Hukum dan Agama di Indonesia (The Center Of Human Right Multiculturalism and Migration 2018).
Jurnal
Harahap, RDKA, ‘LGBT Di Indonesia: Perspektif Hukum Islam, HAM, Psikologi dan Pendekatan Maslahah' (2016) Vol. 26 No. 2, Al Ahkam.
Robyyansyah, ‘Globalisasi Lesbian, Gay, Biseksual dan Transgender (LGBT): Perspektif HAM dan Agama dalam Lingkup Hukum di Indonesia' (2018) Vol. 14 No. 18, Jurnal Law Reform.
Hayati, Vivi, ‘LGBT dalam Perspektif Hukum Positif dan Hukum Islam' (2019) Vol. 14, No. 2, Samudra Keadilan.
Olivia. J. S. ‘The Protection of LGBT (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender) Right According to Human Right' (2014) Vol. 2 No. 8, Lex Et Societatis.
Triyanto, ‘Regulasi Perlindungan Hak Asasi Manusia Tingkat Internasional' (2013) Vol. 1, No. 1, Jurnal PPKn.
Dede, ‘Perbandingan Hak Pendidikan Dalam Konstitusi Negara Indonesia Dengan Konstitusi Beberapa Negara Di Asia Tenggara' (2020) Vol 8, No. 1, Jurnal Nalar Pendidikan.
Laman
Jennifer Budimulia, ‘memahami LGBTQ+'(Reproduksi.org, 2021)<https://www.reprodukasi.org/id/memahami-lgbtq> dikunjungi pada tanggal 24 Juli 2022.
Moerti Wisnoe, ‘Dosen LGBT di Padang dipecat'(merdeka.com, 2019)<https://www.merdeka.com/peristiwa/digerebek-berduaan-dengan-mahasiswa-dosen-lgbt-di-padang-dipecat.html> dikunjungi pada tanggal 21 Juli 2022.
UN Human Rights, ‘UN Free & Equal: a global campaign to promote equal rights for LGBTI people' (united nation, 2020)<https://www.ohchr.org/en/sexual-orientation-and-gender-identity/un-free-equal-global-campaign-promote-equal-rights-lgbti-people> dikunjungi pada tanggal 1 Juli 2022.
Hans How, ‘LGBTQ+ Malaysians still deserve a better future' (MalaysiaKini, 2020)<https://www.malaysiakini.com/letters/532679> dikunjungi pada tanggal 1 Juli 2022.
Matthias Ang, ‘M'sia PM Ismail Sabri: Over 1,730 M'sian LGBTs have been sent to ‘religious' rehab camp' (mothership, 2021)<https://mothership.sg/2021/09/malaysia-lgbt-rehabilitation-camp/> dikunjungi pada tanggal 1 Juli 2022.
Renushara, ‘NEWSAround 1,733 LGBTQ Malaysians Have Been Sent To Religious Camps To Be ‘Nurtured' As Of June 2021' (WorldOfBuzz, 2022)<https://worldofbuzz.com/around-1733-lgbtq-malaysians-have-been-sent-to-religious-camps-to-be-nurtured-as-of-june-2021/> dikunjungi pada tanggal 1 Juli 2022.
KEMENPPPA, ‘Anak Kelompok Minoritas dan Terisolasi adalah Anak Kita Semua'(siaran Pers, 2019) <https://www.kemenpppa.go.id/index.php/page/read/29/2071/anak-kelompok-minoritas-dan-terisolasi-adalah-anak-kita-semua#> di akses pada tanggal 23 Juli 2022.
US Department of Education, ‘Sex Discrimination: Overview of the Law” dengan bunyi asli kalimat "No person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any education program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance' (ED, 2020) <https://www2.ed.gov/policy/rights/guid/ocr/sexoverview.html> diakses pada tanggal 1 Juli 2022.
Example: Gay rights demonstration at the Democratic National Convention, New York City, 1976, ‘Milestones in the American Gay Rights Movement' (PBS, 2019) <https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/stonewall-milestones-american-gay-rights-movement/> diakses pada tanggal 1 Juli 2022.
Dan Avery, ‘LGBTQ students at Christian colleges face more harassment, survey finds' (NBC News, 2020) <https://www.nbcnews.com/feature/nbc-out/lgbtq-students-christian-colleges-face-more-harassment-survey-finds-n1261752> diakses pada tanggal 1 Juli 2022.
Copyright (c) 2022 Rohman Hidayad
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
