THE EFFECT OF MUDHARABAH FINANCING ON CUSTOMERS OF MSME OWNERS IN TERMS OF THE ECONOMIC CHANGES

ABSTRAK

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pembiayaan mudharabah terhadap perubahan ekonomi nasabahnya melalui empat aspek yaitu aset usaha, omzet usaha, pendapatan usaha, dan laba usaha. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif. Sumber dan jenis data diperoleh dari teknik wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi kepada tujuh nasabah pembiayaan mudharabah, pihak pemerintah Desa Berbek, pihak BMT PUMA dan masyarakat sekitar. Data terkumpul kemudian dianalisis menggunakan teknik reduksi data dengan hasil penelitian yang disajikan dengan tabel, grafik, dan deskripsi. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa UMKM mengalami perubahan ekonomi positif yakni mengalami peningkatan berupa aset usaha mencapai 90%, peningkatan omzet usaha mencapai 233,33%, peningkatan pendapatan usaha mencapai 233,33%, dan peningkatan laba usaha mencapai 150%. Namun masih ditemukan nasabah yang menggunakan sebagian dana pembiayaan untuk membayar hutang, membayar sekolah anak, dan kebutuhan lain. BMT PUMA memberikan kepercayaan penuh kepada nasabah tanpa melakukan pengawasan usaha. Saran yang relevan dengan hasil penelitian yaitu nasabah diharapkan lebih amanah dalam menggunakan dana pembiayaan mudharabah, selain itu BMT PUMA sebaiknya lebih tegas dalam mengawasi penggunaan dana pembiayaan mudharabah pada nasabah.

Kata Kunci: BMT, UMKM, Mudharabah, Perubahan Ekonomi.

ABSTRACT

This research is qualitative research that aims to know the influence of mudharabah financing on the economic changes of its costomers through four aspects, such as business assets, business turnover, business income, and business profit. The technique of data retrieval are interviews, observation, and documentation to seven mudharabah financing costomers, Berbek Government, BMT PUMA members, and local society. Data collected then analyzed by reduction data technique with the research result presented by tables, graphics, and description. The result of this study concludes that Small Micro Enterprises (SME's) experiencing positive economic changes that experienced an increase in the form of business assets reached 90%, increase in business turnover reached 233,33%, increase in business income reached 233,33%, and increase in business profit 150%. But there were still customers who used part of their financing funds for other needs. BMT PUMA gives full trust to customers without monitoring their business. Suggestions that are relevant to the research result is customers are expected to be more trustworthy in using mudharabah financing funds. Moreover, BMT PUMA should be more assertive in overseeing mudharabah financing funds on customers.

Keywords: Baitul Maal Wattamwi, SME's, Mudharabah, Economic changes.

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