Economic Diplomacy as Indonesian Foreign Policy Orientation in 2015-2018: Challenges and Opportunities
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Artikel ini menjelaskan tentang diplomasi ekonomi dalam politik luar negeri Republik Indonesia di bawah Presiden Joko Widodo pada tahun 2015-2018 sebagai sebuah konsep dan kebijakan. Diplomasi ekonomi bukan sekadar satu dari arah kebijakan luar negeri tetapi lebih daripada itu diplomasi ekonomi telah menjadi corak dan gaya diplomasi Indonesia pada periode yang sama. Dari analisis kualitatif berbasis data-data sekuder berupa dokumen kebijakan, laporan resmi pemerintah dan pemberitaan media massa, studi ini mendapati bahwa politik luar negeri Indonesia di bawah Presiden Joko Widodo dilaksanakan untuk mendukung program pembangunan nasional. Dengn kata lain, politik luar negeri Presiden Joko Widodo adalah politik luar negeri untuk mengejar keperluan-keperluan dalam negeri. Oleh karenanya, corak diplomasi yang diterapkan adalah diplomasi ekonomi yang memang dibutuhkan untuk mendukung agenda pembangunan nasional, terutama penyelesaian program infrastruktur dan lainnya. Diplomasi ekonomi baru dalam terminologi tetapi sesungguhnya adalah revitalisasi diplomasi non-politik yang pernah dilaksanakan oleh Indonesia sebelumnya.
Kata-kata kunci: politik luar negeri, diplomasi ekonomi, Indonesia, kemitraan ekonomi.
This article explains the concept of economic diplomacy of Indonesian foreign policy under President Joko Widodo in 2015-2018. Economic Diplomacy is not only one of the Indonesian foreign policy directions under Joko Widodo but it was more as the most important characteristic and reference of Indonesian diplomacy of the period. Using a qualitative study that rellied upon the secondary data of policy documents, government reports, and media reporting from Kompas daily newspaper, this study concluded that the Indonesian foreign policy under President Joko Widodo was conducted to support the national development program, or foreign policy for domestic needs. Economic diplomacy was needed to support this national agenda of mega projects infrastructure and other development programs. This economic diplomacy was new in terminology but it was only a variant of non-political diplomacy which had been done by the ministry for foreign affairs of Indonesia in the previous administrations.
Keywords: foreign policy, economic diplomacy, Indonesia, economic partnership.
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