The Kiwi Way: New Zealand's COVID-19 Elimination Strategy
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Esai ini mengulas keberhasilan Strategi Eliminasi yang dilaksanakan oleh Selandia Baru. Pengalaman Selandia Baru terbilang unik karena keberhasilan negara ini dalam menghadapi COVID-19 mungkin tidak bisa dilakukan oleh negara lain. Strategi yang diadopsi PM Jacinda Ardern ini merupakan respon reaktifnya atas memburuknya situasi kesehatan global yang menjadi ancaman bagi negaranya. Penulis berargumen, keberhasilan sebuah negara dalam menangani pandemi global ini, dan mungkin juga untuk berbagai bentuk krisis, ditentukan oleh dua faktor, yaitu ‘nurture' dan ‘nature'. Faktor ‘nurture' dalam esai ini adalah kesediaan semua pihak untuk bekerja sama: pemerintah, pihak oposisi, dan masyarakat. Pengalaman Selandia Baru mengungkapkan bahwa negara ini memiliki tingkat kohesi sosial yang relatif tinggi, yang dibangun selama ratusan tahun, walaupun kohesi sosial Selandia Baru bukan tanpa kekurangan. Faktor ‘nature' ditentukan oleh kondisi yang melekat, bersifat alamiah dan relatif konstan, yaitu faktor geografi. Selandia Baru beruntung dengan lokasinya yang terpencil, membuatnya lebih percaya diri untuk menekan pandemi sampai tingkat maksimal dengan berbagai kontrol perbatasan. Sementara faktor ‘nature' lebih merupakan ‘keberuntungan', faktor ‘nurture' dapat terjadi hanya melalui pembelajaran.
Kata-kata kunci: Selandia Baru, Strategi Eliminasi, geografi, kepemimpinan
This essay reviews the success of the Elimination Strategy implemented by New Zealand. This country's experience in dealing with COVID-19 is unique, and it may not be possible for other countries. The strategy reflects Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern's response to the worsening global health situation that poses a threat to her country. I argue the success of any country in dealing with this global pandemic, and perhaps also for various forms of the crisis determines by both ‘nature' and ‘nurture' factors. The ‘nurture' factor is the willingness of all parties to work together: the government, the opposition, and society. New Zealand's experience reveals that this country has a relatively high level of social cohesion crafted for hundreds of years, yet it is not without shortcomings. The ‘nature' factor is determined by the original, natural, and relatively constant conditions, namely geography. New Zealand's remote location makes it more confident to suppress the pandemic to the maximum level with border controls. While the ‘nature' factor is predetermined, the ‘nurture' factor can occur only through learning.
Keywords: New Zealand, Elimination Strategy, geography, leadership
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