State Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic
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In this edition, Global Strategis specifically presents articles about the experiences of seventeen different countries from various regions in the world, on how their respective governments respond to the COVID-19 pandemic. The focus was on the first six months of 2020 as this period (January to June 2020) is considered a critical moment. It was during this period the world realizes that it is faced with a global health crisis, enforcing every country to 'fast learning' confronting this completely new pandemic, and hence to determine the most appropriate response in confronting the difficult choice between saving people's lives or preventing the country's economic crisis. Different experiences of each country seem to suggest that above various variables affecting each of them, the initial attitude of their respective governments in assessing the deadly level of COVID-19 pandemic and the speed to act according to what is most needed are crucial factors influencing the relative success or not of the response of their respective governments. When knowing the initial information about the transmission of the virus that originated in Wuhan, China, to what extent the governments of each country see this as a force that potentially deadly outbreak?
Keywords: Global Health Crisis, Pandemic Covid-19, State Response.
Pada edisi ini, Global Strategis secara khusus menghadirkan tulisan tentang pengalaman tujuh belas negara dari kawasan dunia yang berbeda, bagaimana pemerintah mereka merespons pandemi COVID-19. Fokus kajian pada periode enam bulan pertama tahun 2020 karena periode ini (Januari sampai dengan Juni 2020) dianggap momen kritis. Pada periode inilah dunia mengakui mulai sedang dihadapkan pada situasi krisis kesehatan global, memaksa setiap negara ‘belajar cepat' menghadapi pandemi yang sama sekali baru ini, untuk selanjutnya secara tepat pula menentukan respons yang paling sesuai menghadapi pilihan sulit antara menyelamatkan nyawa penduduk atau mencegah krisis ekonomi negara. Pengalaman berbeda dari berbagai negara nampaknya membawa ke suatu kesimpulan bahwa di atas kompleksitas variabel yang masing-masing memengaruhi pilihan kebijakan, nampaknya sikap awal pemerintah di dalam menilai tingkat ‘mematikan' wabah COVID-19 serta kecepatan bertindak atas dasar kebutuhan masing-masing menjadi faktor krusial menentukan keberhasilan masing-masing negara. Ketika mengetahui informasi awal tentang adanya penularan virus yang bermula dari Wuhan, China ini, sejauh mana pemerintah masing-masing negara melihat ini sebagai kekuatan yang berpotensi sebagai wabah mematikan?
Kata-kata Kunci: Krisis Kesehatan Global, Pandemi COVID-19, Respon Negara.
Buku & Artikel Jurnal
Rowen, Ian, 2020. Crafting the Taiwan Model for COVID-19: An Exceptional State in Pandemic Territory, The Asia-Pacific Journal, Vol. 18 (14), no. 9, pp. 1-13.
World Bank, 2020. Global Economic Prospects, Washington, DC: World Bank. DOI: 10.1596/978-1-4648-1553-9.
Sumber Resmi
Kemenkes Republik Indonesia, 2020. "Situasi Terkini Perkembangan Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) 31 Juli 2020” https://covid19.kemkes.go.id/situasi-infeksi-emerging/info-corona-virus/situasi-terkini-perkembangan-coronavirus-disease-covid-19-31-juli-2020/#.X7seAc0zZyx (diakses 1 Agustus 2020).
MOFA Taiwan, 2020. "The Taiwan Model for Combatting COVID-19” https://www.mofa.gov.tw/en/theme.aspx?n=B13D460AE0B33449&s=9C13959F19F93B2F&sms=BCDE19B435833080 (Diakses 1 September 2020).
WHO, 2020. "WHO Director-General's opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19 – 29 June 2020” https://www.who.int/director-general/speeches/detail/who-director-general-s-opening-remarks-at-the-media-briefing-on-covid-19---29-june-2020 (Diakses 1 Juli 2020).
World Bank, 2020. "Decisive Action in an Unprecedented Crisis” https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/feature/2020/04/17/decisive-action-in-an-unprecedented-crisis (Diakses 1 Juli 2020).
Artikel Daring
Brundtland, Gro Harlem, 2020a. "COVID-19 has underscored the importance of resilient health system” https://www.theelders.org/news/covid-19-has-underscored-importance-resilient-health-systems (Diakses 1 Agustus 2020).
Brundtland, Gro Harlem, 2020b. "COVID-19's threat to our global civilization and the need for collective responsibility” https://www.theelders.org/news/covid-19s-threat-our-global-civilisation-and-need-collective-responsibility (Diakses 1 September 2020).
The Economic Times, 2020. "Coronavirus pandemic is an unprecedented global crisis: WHO's Tedros Adhanom” https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/international/world-news/coronavirus-pandemic-is-an-unprecedented-global-crisis-whos-tedros-adhanom/videoshow/75361462.cms?from=mdr (diakses 1 Juli 2020).
Pazarbasioglu, Ceyla & Kose, M. Ayhan, 2020. "Unprecedented damaged by COVID-19 requires unprecedented policy response” https://www.brookings.edu/blog/future-development/2020/07/10/unprecedented-damage-by-covid-19-requires-an-unprecedented-policy-response/ (diakses 20 Juli 2020).
Putri, Gloria Setyvani, 2020. "Update Corona 28 Juni, Lebih dari 10 juta orang Terinveksi Covid-19” https://www.kompas.com/sains/read/2020/06/28/163003423/update-corona-28-juni-lebih-dari-10-juta-orang-terinfeksi-covid-19?page=all (diakses 1 Juli 2020).
Ritchie, Hannah & Roser, Max, 2020. "How are governments responding to the Coronavirus pandemic?” https://ourworldindata.org/government-responses-covid (Diakses 30 Juni 2020).
Tidey, Alice & Vakulina, Sasha, 2020. "COVID-19 economic impact will be ‘unprecedented and long-lasting', OECD warns” https://www.euronews.com/2020/06/10/covid-19-economic-impact-will-be-unprecedented-and-long-lasting-oecd-warns (Diakses 1 Juli 2020).
Tu, Chang-Ching, 2020. "Lessons from Taiwan's experience with COVID-19”, Atlantic Council. https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/blogs/new-atlanticist/lessons-from-taiwans-experience-with-covid-19/ (Diakses 1 September 2020).
Wang, T. Y, 2020. "Taiwan's Rising International Standing amid the Covid-19 Pandemic” Taiwan Inside, https://taiwaninsight.org/2020/04/30/taiwans-rising-international-standing-amid-the-covid-19-pandemic/ (Diakses 1 Agustus 2020).
Wang, T. Y. & Yu, Ching-Shin, 2020. "How Taiwan has dealt with the Coronavirus Pandemic: Lessons for the United States” Taiwan Inside, https://taiwaninsight.org/2020/04/01/how-taiwan-has-dealt-with-the-coronavirus-pandemic-lessons-for-the-united-states/ (Diakses 1 Agustus 2020).
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