The Modernization of Poland Defense Forces to Respond Russia Military Presence in Kaliningrad Oblast (2014-2017)
Downloads
The geopolitical security condition of Eastern Europe has undergone a drastic shift from Communist to Democratic ideology. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Poland immediately joined the Western alliance, which led to the massive structural changes of the country. The shift has had an enormous impact on Russia where it has made various confrontations to regain its influence in the region. Russia continues to increase tensions by increasing the military capabilities of Kaliningrad Oblast, which is directly bordered by Poland. In response, the Polish government made efforts to modernize its military as part of the Defense White Book 2013 to improve its military capabilities in response to Russian military presence in Kaliningrad Oblast. The role of the global players (EU, NATO, and the USA) is key important to the security stability of the region. Poland on its four pillars specifically calls the alliance with the USA and becomes a member of NATO as an important factor in the formulation of its defense policy, in which Poland could increase the capabilities of its Armed Forces.
Books and Journals
Aydin, M. (2005). Europe's new region: The Black Sea in the wider Europe neighbourhood. Southeast European And Black Sea Studies, 5(2), 257-283.
Braumoeller, B. (2016). Systemic Theories of International Politics. Oxford: Bibliographies Online Datasets.
Cleary, L., & McConville, T. (2006). Managing defence in a democracy. London: Routledge.
Das Kundu, N. (2003). Kaliningrad: Russian enclave in the European union. Strategic Analysis, 27(4), p. 626-642.
Hatt, C. (2002). The End of the Cold War. London: Hodder Wayland.
Jankowski, D. (2014). Towards a Stronger European Security : Modernization of the Polish Armed Forces. Security And Strategy, (1).
Jones, S. (2007). The rise of European security cooperation (pp. 18-20). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Kissinger, H. (2014). World order. New York: Penguin Books.
Lamoreaux, J., & Galbreath, D. (2008). The Baltic States As ‘Small States': Negotiating The ‘East' By Engaging The ‘West'. Journal Of Baltic Studies, 39(1), p.1-14.
Mankoff, Jeffrey. 2009. Russian foreign policy: the return of great power politics. Maryland: Rowman and Littlefield.
Mihalka, M. (2005). NATO Response Force: Rapid? Responsive? A Force?. Connections: The Quarterly Journal, 04(2), p.67-79.
P. Klosinska-Dabrowska. (2015). Essays on Global Safety Governance: Challenges and Solutions, Warsaw: ASPRA-JR, 2015, p. 21-39.
Protasowicki, T. (2016). An Integrated Transformation of the National Security System of The Republic Of Poland. Ekonomiczne Problemy Usług, 123, p. 287-299.
Prizel, I. (1994). The United States and a Resurgent Russia: A New Cold War or a Recast Balance of Power?. American Foreign Policy Interests, 16(2), p.1-13.
Schmidt-Felzmann, A. (2014). Is the EU's failed relationship with Russia the member states' fault?. L'europe En Formation, 374(4), p.10.
Snyder, J. (2008). One World, Rival Theories. Aldershot: Ashgate.
Tassinari, F. (2011). Region-building as trust-building: the EU's faltering involvement in the Black Sea region. Southeast European And Black Sea Studies, 11(3), 227-239.
TATSUMI, A. (2013). The European Union as a Global Actor: through the Development of the CFSP/CSDP. EU Studies In Japan, 2013(33), 1-32.
Veljanovska, K. (2015). Use of Military Forces of the Republic of Poland. Warszawa: National Defense Academy
Westerlund, F. (2017). Russia's Military Strategy and Force Structure in Kaliningrad. FOI Swedish Defence Research Agency, 1-2.
Zapfe, M. (2017). Deterrence from the Ground Up: Understanding NATO's Enhanced Forward Presence (3rd ed.), p. 147-160.
Zonik, KuczynÌska. (2016). "Russian propaganda: methods of influence in the Baltic States”, 14 (2). Yearbook of the Institute of East-Central Europe, p. 43–60.
Official Publications, Reports, and Online Sources
Belkin, P. (2016). "NATO's Warsaw Summit in Brief”. CRS Report. Washington, D.C.: Congressional Research Service (CRS).
Defense Strategy of the Republic of Poland. (2009). Warsaw: The Ministry of National Defense Republic of Poland.
European Council. (2017). European Council Conclusions on Security and Defence. Retrieved 8 January 2018, from http://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/press/press-releases/2017/06/22/euco-security-defence/
European Defence Agency. (2006). "An initial long-term vision for European defence capability and capacity needs”. Retrieved 11 November 2017, from http://www.consilium.europa.eu/ueDocs/cms_Data/docs/pressData/en/esdp/91136.pdf
European External Action Service. (2017). EU-NATO Cooperation. Retreived 8 January 2018, from https://eeas.europa.eu/sites/eeas/files/eu_nato_factsheet.pdf
Kowalik, T., Jankowski, D. (2017). The dangerous tool of Russian military exercises. CEPA. Retrieved 22 November 2017, from http://cepa.org/EuropesEdge/The-dangerous-tool-of-Russian-military-exercises
Koziej, S. (2012). THE NATIONAL SECURITY STRATEGIC REVIEW (NSSR) 2010-2012 MAIN CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS. Presentation, National Security Bureau of the Republic of Poland.
Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Republic of Poland. (2016). Information of the Minister of Foreign Affairs on the Polish Government's foreign policy in 2016. Retrieved 25 November 2017, from http://www.mfa.gov.pl/resource/601901dd-1db8-4a64-ba4a-9c80f2d5811b:JCR
Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation. (2017). Zapad 2017 Joined Strategic Exercise. Retrieved 22 November 2017, from http://eng.mil.ru/en/mission/practice/more.htm?id=12140115@ egNews
North Atlantic Treaty Organization. (2016). Joint declaration by the European Council, the European Commission, and the NATO. Retrieved 8 January 2018, from https://www.nato.int/cps/ic/natohq/official_texts_133163.htm
Russia poses biggest threat to global security: Polish defence minister. (2016). Polskie Radio dla Zagranicy. Retrieved 15 November 2017, from http://www.thenews.pl/1/10/Artykul/257461,Russia-poses-biggest-threat-to-global-security-Polish-defence-minister
RCZPI|2017, m. (2018). International Cooperation. En-m.mon.gov.pl. Retrieved 8 January 2018, from http://en-m.mon.gov.pl/ministry/article/international-cooperation/international-cooperation-1032549g/
Szatkowski, T. (2017). How to Enhance the Security of Poland and NATO, Post-Warsaw Summit. Ppd.pism.pl. Retrieved 8 October 2017, from http://www.ppd.pism.pl/Numery/1-68-2017/How-to-Enhance-the-Security-of-Poland-and-NATO-Post-Warsaw-Summit-Tomasz-Szatkowski
U.S. Embassy and Consulate in Poland. (2018). American Armored Brigade Combat Team Coming to Poland. Retrieved 10 Januay 2018, from https://pl.usembassy.gov/abct/
Yarger, H. (2006). Strategic theory for the 21st century: the little book on big strategy. Carlisle, PA: SSI.
White Book on National Security of the Republic of Poland. (2013). Warsaw: The Ministry of National Defense Republic of Poland.
Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal
- Authors are unable to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work
- Authors are not permitted to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
- The Copyright Holder of the articles is Global Strategis
